types of agriculture and farming
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| commercial agriculture | -for profit, few workers, lot of machinery and technology, it is sold at markets, produces one crop monoculture and cash crops
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| subsistence agriculture | produces crops, rearing animals only for farmers use, little is left over to sell, small scale, mixture of crops and animals, self-sufficient,little technology, labour intensive, uses a lot of man power
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| intensive agriculture | small area of land, aims for very high output, through massive inputs of capital and labour, use machine and technology, cost efficent
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| extensive agriculture | large compared to the money injected into it or labour used, a good example are the cattle ranches in central Australia where 1 farmer is responsible for thousands of acres of land
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| arable farming | which is the ploughing of land and growing of crops
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| pastoral farming | where the land is left under grass for the grazing of animals
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| mixed farming | when both growing of crops and grazing of animals happene1s on the same land
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| physical factors affecting farming | climate,soils and relief
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| human factors (6 factors) | includes farm size, technology, machinery, distance from markets, market demand, and transport.
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| arable farming | grows crops, eg-wheat, vegetable lik grows crops, large areas of flat land, fertile soil, sunny summers to ripen crops, some but not too much rain, modern machinery crops that are heavy potatoes and which go bad faster like strawberries are best to
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| cattle farming | grow dairy cows or beef cows,well drained land, flat or gently sloping , dairy cows- good quality grass which grows best in moist climates and where it not toot and not too cold.good roads and refrigerated lorries help get the milk to market quickly
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| hill sheep farming | produce, wool,lamb and mutton, hardy animals, can graze on steep land, poor quality grass can be fed, grows on thin infertile solids, can survive in rainy or snowy weather, uses little machinery, much of the oduce goes to urban areas.
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| mixed farming | grows crops and raises animals, good quality grass and gently lisping land for cattle, modern machinery, not too wet, dry, hot or cold climate, good roads for access to markets are also important
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| the fell | the sheeps part of the hills, it has 300m altitude, the sheets graze on this lann in the summer
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| the intake | it is the middle part of the hill, which is divided by dry stone walls, sm of the pastures are improved by adding drainage and fertilisers to the fields
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| the inbye | it is the lowest part of the hill found on the valley floor, it is the most sheltered to of all. the inbye is used for lambing sharing and sheding
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| CAFO's | where animals are kept and raised in confined situations. cafés's congregate animals feed manure, and urine dead animals, this happened on small sale land., food is bought to the animals rather than the animal s going to graze of the land
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| problems with hill sheep farming(hsf) | -foot and mouth diseases has restricted sheep movement and sales, not always profitable, fewer young ppl want to carry on with hsf, fuel and fodder prices have risen, threat of removal of subsides
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| changes and improvements to hill sheep farming | -subsides and grant to improve farm environment,farmsers r continuing to leave land and take jobs in the nerby towns, new breeding stock to improve quality n quantity of meat n wool, sm farms could not survive n have been sold as second homes,
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| other than distress the animals are going through | the concentration of wastes from these animal increases potential impact of water air and land quality, failures to properly manage manure and waste water at cafo can negitivly impact the environment and public health,manure wastes contribute to polluants
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