Endocrine word list
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| Acromegaly | Enlarged features, particulary the face and hands; caused by hypersecretion of (pituitary) Growth Hormone, after puberty.
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| ACTH | Adrenocortictropic Hormone.
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| Addision's Disease | Chronic disorder of the adrenal glands caused by deficiency of cortical hormones.
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| Adenoma | Tumour of a gland
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| ADH | Antidiuretic Hormone -Vasopressin: promotes reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
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| Adrenal Cortex | Outer section of the adrenal gland which secretes steriods.
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| Adrenalectomy | Surgical excision of an adrenal gland.
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| Adrenal Glands | Two bean-shaped glands situated on top of the kidneys which sectrete steriod and sex hormone.
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| Adrenal Medulla | Inner section of the adrenal gland which secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
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| Aldosterone | Steriod produced in the adrenal cortex. Is essential to life. Maintains sodium and potassium levels.
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| Atrophy | Lack of development.
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| Cortisol | A gluccorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.
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| Cushing's syndrome | Disorder caused by hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex, resulting in excessive production of steriods.
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| Diabetes Insipidus | Disorder more common in the young, caused by inadequate secretion of the andidiuretic hormone, which causes excessive thirst and excessive secretion of urine.
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| Diabetes Mellitus | A common pancreatic disorder involving insulin sectretion into the blood, either in too much or too little quantities.
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| Diuresis | Increased excretion of urine.
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| Dwarfism | A condition of being abnomally small; may be hereditary or an endocrine dysfunction.
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| Endocrinology | The study of ductless glands, their secretions, and their function of homeostasis.
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| Epinephrine | Adrenaline -produced in the adrenal medualla. Increases heart rate, fat metabolism for energy, and dilates the bronchial tubes.
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| Exophthalmos | Protrusion of eyes due to swelling in tissues; often associated with Grave's Disease.
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| FBS | Fasting Blood Sugar.
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| FSH | Follicle Stimulating Hormone.
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| GH | Growth Hormone. Also known as PGH.
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| Gigantism | Abnormal overgrowth of the entire body caused by hypersecretion of Pituitary Growth Hormone before puberty.
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| Glucogenesis | Formation of glucose from glycogen.
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| Glucagon | Hormone secreted by the pancreas which increases the amount of glucose in the blood.
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| Glucocorticoids | Steriods in the adrenal cortex that influence the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
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| Glycogen | Substance in which carbohydrates are stored in the liver for future concersion into sugar.
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| Glucose | The most important carbohydrate (sugar) in body metabolism.
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| GLucosuria | Glucose in the urine.
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| Graves' Disease | Disorder of the thyroid-hyperthyroidism. Characterized by abnormal weight loss, muscular weakness, and emotional instability.
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| GTT | Glucose Tolerance Test.
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| HCG | Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
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| HDL | High Density Lipoproteins.
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| Hirsutism | A condition of abnormal hairiness, especially in females.
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| Homeostasis | A state of stable internal environment of the body.
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| Hormones | Secretions of endocrine glands which regulate function of the body (ie. testosterone in males and estrogen in females)
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| Hyperglycemia | Excessive amount of sugar in the blood.
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| Hyperinsulinism | Excessive amount of insulin in the blood-insulin shock.
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| Hypersecretion | Excessive secretion.
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| Hypocalcemia | Abnormally low amount of calcium in the blood.
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| Hypoglycemia | Too little sugar in the blood.
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| Hypogonadism | Under-development of internal secretions of male sex glands
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| Hypokalemia | Extreme depletion of potassium in the blood usually lost in diuresis.
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| Hyposecretion | Inadequate secretion.
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| ICF | Intracecelluar fluid.
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| ICSH | Interstital cell stimulating hormone.
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| Insulin | A hormone secreted by the Islets of Langerhans. Essential for metabolism of blood sugar (glucose). Can also be made synthetically and given by injection.
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| Islets of Langerhans | Clusters of cells in the pancreas which produce insulin and glucagon.
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| ITT | Insulin Tolerance Test.
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| Ketoacidosis | An acute stage of diabetes mellitus characterizes by hypotension and, eventually, coma.
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| LDL | Low Density Lipoproteins.
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| LH | Luteinizing Hormone
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| LTH | Lactogenic Hormone (prolactin)
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| Metabolism | Processes in which substances are broken down or built up during chemical reactions that are necessary to maintain life
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| MSH | Melancoyte Stimulating Hormone, (melanin)
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| Mineralocorticoids | Hormones in the adrenal cortex that regulate water and mineral salts (electrolytes) in the body
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| Norepinephrine | Noradrenaline; produced in the adrenal medulla. Increases blood pressure and constricks vessels
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| NPH | Neutral Protamine Hagedorn -a synthetic insulin
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| Obesity | Excessive Accumluation of fat in the body
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| Oral Hypoglycemics | Medications used to stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin
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| Pancreas | An organ that contains groups of cells called the Islets and Langerhans which produce endocrine secretions, such as insulin and glucagon
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| Parathyroid | Four seperate glands that are located on the posterior glands surfaces of the lobes of the thyroid gland
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| PGH | Pituitary Growth Hormone
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| Pineal Gland | Pine-cone shaped gland that is attached to the posterior part of the third ventical of the brain which secretes melatonin
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| Pituitary Gland | Hypophysis; pea-shaped gland that is located at the base of the brain
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| Polydipsea | Excessive thrist
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| Polyphagia | A condition of eating abnormally large amounts of food
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| Polyuria | Excessive secretion of urine
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| PHT | Parathyroid Hormone
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| RAIU | Radioactive Iodine uptake test on the thyroid gland
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| Serum Glucose Test | Blood tests to aid in the diagnosis of insulin deficiency
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| Somatotropin | Human growth hormone found in the anterior pituitary lobe
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| Thryroid Echogram | Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland
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| Thyroidectomy | Surgical excision of the thyroid gland
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| Thryotoxixc | Thyroid poisoning
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| Thyroxine (T4) | One of the two major hormones produced by the thyroid. Regulates metabolism and energy levels
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| Thriiodothyronine (T3) | One of the two major hormones produced, stored and released by the thyroid gland
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| TSH | Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
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