Cardiovascular Review
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| capillaries | Join arterial system with venous system. Most significant. Provides cells with vital products. Remove waste products from cells.
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| Heart | A hollow muscular organ lying in the mediastinum that propels blood to the entire body.
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| SA node | Located in upper portion of right atrium. Has built in rhythm. Initiates and transmits each heart beat. Sets basic pace for cardiac rate.
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| How do veins return blood to the heart? | Skeletal muscle contractions Gravity Respiratory activity Valves
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| How is blood supplied to the heart muscle? | Coronary arteries.
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| The factors that influence blood pressure. | Resistance of blood flow Pumping action of heart Viscosity of blood Elasticity of arteries Quantity of blood
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| Name four structures responsible for electrical conduction of the heart.? | SA node, AV node ,Bundle of His, Purkinje Fibers
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| angioplasty | Any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels.
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| Cardioversion | Applying controlled electrical shoeck to the exterior of the chest.
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| DVT deep vein thrombosis | Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body
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| thrombosis | Blood clot that obstructs a vessel.
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| bicuspid valve | Blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle; aka mitral valve.
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| pulmonary artery | Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
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| pulmonary vein | Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs.
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| beta blockers | Causes a decrease of heart rate and contractility.
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| inferior vena cava | Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the lower portion to the right atrium.
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| Superior vena cava | Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the top portion to the right atrium.
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| varicose veins | Condition which develops when the valves of the veins are damaged.
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| hypertension | Consistently elevated blood pressure.
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| hypotension | Destruction of a blood clot.
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| catheter ablation | Destruction of conductive tissue of the heart.
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| necrosis | Destruction of tissue.
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| stent | Device used to hold open vessels.
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| nitrates | Dilate blood vessels to the heart.
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| Holter monitor | ECG recording system capable of storing 24 - 48 hours of tracings.
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| pericardium | Fibrous sac which encloses the heart.
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| atherosclerosis | Form of arteriosclerosis characterized by deposits of plaque in arteries.
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| arteriosclerosis | Hardening and narrowing of an artery.
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| arrhythmia | Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm.
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| insufficiency | Inability of the valves to close properly.
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| valvotomy | Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening.
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| diuretics | Increase excretion of water and sodium.
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| phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein.
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| endocardium | Innermost layer of the heart.
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| angina | Intermittent chest pain.
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| MI myocardium infarction | Life-threatening condition characterized by necrosis in the myocardium.
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| ischemic | Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply.
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| aneurysm | Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel.
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| tricuspid valve | Located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
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| ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) | Lowers blood pressure.
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| statins | Lowers cholesterol.
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| embolism | Mass lodged in a blood vessel.
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| myocardium | Muscular layer of the heart.
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| coarction | Narrowing of a vessel.
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| infarction | Necrosis of tissue following cessation of blood supply.
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| epicardium | Outermost layer of the heart.
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| cardiac catheterization | Passage of a catheter into the heart.
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| pulmonic valve | Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle.
laser ablation
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| laser ablation | Procedure used to remove or treat varicose veins.
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| palpitation | Sensation that the heart is not beating normally.
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| lipid panel | Series of tests used to assess risk of ischemic heart disease.
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| bruit | Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation.
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| systole | The contraction phase of the heart.
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| diastole | The relaxation phase of the heart.
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| Doppler U/S | Ultrasound used to visualize internal cardiac structures.
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| CHD | coronary heart disease
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| the three layers of the heart | Endocardium ,Myocardium , Epicardium
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| What are the three layers of artery walls? | Tunica externa, Tunica media ,Tunica intima
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| What are the three major types of blood vessels? | arteries, veins, capillaries
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| What are valves? | small structures within the veins that prevent the back flow of blood
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| What is endocaditis? | inflammation of inner lining of the heart and valves
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| What type of blood do arteries carry? | oxygenated blood
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| What type of blood do veins carry? | deoxygenated blood
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| AAA | abdominal aortic aneurysm
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| AF, AFib | atrial fibrillation
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| BBB | bundle branch block
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| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft
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| CC | cardiac catheterization
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| CCU | coronary care unit
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| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation CV
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| CV | cardiovascular
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| DOE | dyspnea on exertion
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| DVT | deep vein thrombosis
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| ECG, EKG | electrocardiography,
Electrocardiogram
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| EF | ejection fraction
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| HF | heart failure
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| HTN | hypertension
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| IV | intravenous
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| LA | left atrium
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| LV | left ventricle
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| MRA | magnetic resonance angiogram
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| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging
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| MVP | mitral vital prolapse
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| PAC | premature atrial contraction
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| SA | sinoatrial
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| SOB | shortness of breath
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| VT | ventricular tachycardia
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| ECHO | echocardiogram
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