Word parts of the nervous system
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| Root for lobe | lob/o
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| Root for head | cephal/o
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| Root for head, skull | crani/o
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| Root for brain | cerebr/o, encephal/o
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| Root for cerebellum | cerebell/o
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| Root and meaning of Meninges | mening/o, meningi/o
Membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord
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| Root and meaning for Dura | dur/o
Tough outer membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord
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| Root for nerve | neur/o
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| Root for nerve bundle | gangli/o
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| Roof for spinal cord, bone marrow | myel/o
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| Root for feeling, sensation | esthesi/o
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| Root for speech | phas/o
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| Root for mind | phren/o, psych/o
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| Root for sleep | somn/o, somn/i, hypn/o
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| Root for know | gnosi/o
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| Suffix for excessive desire | -mania
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| Suffix for excessive fear or sensitivity | -phobia
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| Suffix for slight or partial paralysis | -paresis
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| Root for Muscle tone, tension, pressure | ton/o
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| Root for arrangement, order, coordination | tax/o
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| Suffix for paralysis | -plegia
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| Suffix for weakness | -asthenia
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| aphasia ah-FAY-zhah | a=not, phas=speaking, ia= condition
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| ataxia ah-TAK-see-ah | a=not, taxia= coordination
lack of coordination
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| catatonia KAT-ah-TOH-nee-ah | cata=down, ton= muscle, ia= condition
condition characterized by reduced muscle tone
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| delirium deh-LEER-ee-um | brief loss of mental function
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| dementia deh-MEN-chah | de=down, ment= mind, ia= condition
loss/decline in mental function
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| dyskinesia dis-kih-NEE-zhah | dys=bad, kinesia= movement
difficulty moving
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| dyslexia dis-LEK-see-ajh | dys=bad, lex= reading, ia= condition
difficulty reading
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| dysphasia dis-FAY-zhah | dys= bad, phas= speaking, ia= condition
difficulty speaking
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| dystonia dis-TOH-nee-ah | dys= bad, ton= muscle tone, ia= condition
condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements
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| insomnia in-SOM-nee-ah | in=not, somn= sleeping, ia= condition
inability to sleep
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| myoclonus mal-AWK-loh-nus | myo= muscle, clonus= turmoil
muscle twitching
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| myospasm MAI-oh-spazm | myo= muscle, spasm= involuntary contraction
involuntary muscle contraction
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| neurasthenia NUR-as-THEN-ee-ah | neur= nerve, asthenia= weakening
nerve weakness
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| somnambulism sawm-NAM-byoo-liz-um | somn= sleep, ambul= walk, ism= condition
sleep walking
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| syncope SIN-koh-pee | fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain
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| cephalalgia SEH-ful-AL-jah | cephal= head, algia= pain
head pain
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| cephalodynia SEH-fah-loh-DIH-nee-ah | cephalo= head, dynia= pain
head pain
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| encephalalgia in-SE-ful-AL-jah | encephalo= brain, algia= pain
brain pain
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| neuralgia nur-AL-jah | neur= nerve, algia= pain
nerve pain
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| neurodynia NUR-oh-DIH-nee-ah | neuro= nerve, dynia=pain
nerve pain
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| hemiparesis HEH-mee-puh-REE-sis | hemi= half, paresis= parital paralysis
partial paralysis of half the body
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| hemiplegia HEH-mee-PLEE-jah | hemi= half, plegia= paralysis
paralysis of half the body
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| monoparesis MAW-noh-puh-REE-sis | mono= one, paresis= partial paralysis
partial paralysis of one limb
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| monoplegia MAW-noh-PLEE-jah | mono= one, plegia= paralysis
paralysis of one limb
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| paralysis puh-RAH-lu-sis | complete loss of sensation and motor function
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| paresis puh-REE-sis | partial paralysis characterized by varying degrees of sensation and motor function
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| causalgia kaw-ZAL-jah | caus= burn, algia= pain
painful sensation of burning
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| dysesthesia DIS-es-THEE-zhah | dys= bad, esthesia= sensation
bad feeling
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| hyperesthesia HAI-per-es-THEE-zhah | hyper=over, esthesia= sensation
increased sensation
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| paraesthesia PAR-es-THEE-zhah | par= beside, esthesia= sensation
abnormal sensation (usually numbness or tingling in the skin)
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| pseudodesthesia SOO-des-THEE-zhah | pseud= false, esthesia= sensation
false sensation
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| synesthesia SIN-ess-THEE-zhah | syn= together, esthesia= sensation
condition where one sensation is experienced as another
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| acropohobia AK-roh-foh-bee-ah | acro= heights, phobia= excessive fear
fear of heights
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| agoraphobia ah-GOR-ah-FOH-bee-ah | agora- marketplace, , phobia= excessive fear
fear of outdoor spaces
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| hydrophobia HAI-druh-FOH-bee-ah | hydro= water, phobia= excessive fear
fear of water
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| kleptomania KLEP-toh-MAY-nee-ah | klepto= theft, mania- excessive desire
desire to steal
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| photophobia FOH-toh-FOH-bee-ah | photo= light, phobia= excessive sensitivity
excessive sensitivity to light
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| pyromania PAI-roh-MAY-nee-ah | pyro= fire, mania= excessive desire
desire to set fire
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| echoencephalography EH-koh-in-SEH-fah-LAW-grah-fee | echo / encephalo= brain, graphy= writing procedure
procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves
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| electroencephalography (EEG) eh-LEK-troh-in-SEH-fah-LAW-grah-fee | electro= electricity, encephalo= brain, graphy= writing procedure
procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain
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| lumbar puncture (LP) LUM-bar-PUNK-chir | lum= lower back, ar puncture= pertaining to puncture
inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid, commonly called a spinal tap
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| cerebral angiography seh-REE-bral AN-gee-AW-grah-fee | cerebr / al= pertaining to brain, angio/graphy= vessel/writing procedure
Procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain
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| magnetic resonance angiography mag-NET-ik REH-zan-ants AN-gee-AW-grah-fee (MRA) | angio= vessel, graphy= writing procedure
procedure used to examine blood vessels
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| myelogram MAI-el-oh-gram | myelo= spinal cord, gram= record
image of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray
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| positron emission tomography (PET) scan PAWZ-ih-trawn ee-MISH-un taw-MAW-gra-fee | e=out / mission= send, tomo= cut, graphy= writing procedure
an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain
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| transcranial doppler sonography tranz-KRAY-nee-al DAW-plir saw-NAW-gra-fee | trans= through, cranial= skull, doppler sono= sound, graphy= writing procedure
an imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull
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| cerebellitis ser-eh-bell-AI-tis | cerebell= cerebellum, itis= inflammation
inflammation of the cerebellum
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| cerebral atrophy seh-REE-bral A-troh-fee | cerebr= brain, al= pertaining to, a= no, trophy= nourishment
wasting away of brain tissue
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| duritis dur-AI-tis | dur= dura, itis= inflammation
inflammation of the dura
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| encephalocele en-SEF-ah-loh-SEEL | encephalo= brain, cele= hernia
hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull)
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| hematoma HEE-mah-TOH-mah | hemat= blood, oma= tumor
tumorlike mass made up of blood
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| cranial hematoma KRAY-nee-al HEE-mah-TOH-mah | crani= skull, al= pertaining to, hemat= blood, oma-= tumor
a hematoma located beneath the skull
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| epidural hematoma EH-pi-DIR-al HEE-mah-TOH-mah | epi= upon, dur= dura, al = pertaining to, hemat= blood, oma= tumor
a hematoma located on top of the dura
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| intracerebral hematoma IN-trah-se-REE-bral HEE-mah-TOH-mah | intra-= inside, cerebr= brain, hemat= blood, oma= tumor
a hematoma located inside the brain
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| subdural hematoma sub-DIR-al HEE-mah-TOH-mah | sub= beneath, dur= dura, al= pertaining to, hemat= blood, oma= tumor
a hematoma located beneath the dura
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| macrocephaly MA-kroh-SEH-fah-lee | macro= large, cephal= head, y= condition
abnormally large head
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| microcephaly MAI-kroh-SEH-fah-lee | micro= small, cephal= head, y= condition
abnormally small head
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| meningocele meh-NIN-goh-seel | meningo= meninges, cele= hernia
a hernia of the meninges
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| myelocele MAI-eh-loh-SEEL | myelo= spinal cord, cele= hernia
a hernia of the spinal cord
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| myelomalacia MAI-eh-loh-mah-LAY-shah | myelo= spinal cord, malacia= softening
abnormal softening of the spinal cord
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| myelomeningocele MAI-en-loh-meh-NIN-goh-seel | myelo= spinal cord, meningo= meninges, cele= hernia
a hernia of the spinal cord and meninges
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| neuritis nir-AI-tis | neur=nerve, itis= inflammation
nerve inflammation
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| neuroma nir-OH-mah | neur= nerve, oma= tumor
a nerve tumor
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| neurosclerosis NIR-oh-skleh-ROH-sis | neuro= nerve, scler= hardening, osis= condition
hardening of nerves
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| polyneuritis PAW-lee-nir-AI-tis | poly= many, neur= nerve, itis= inflammation
inflammation of multiple nerves
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| agnosia AG-noh-zhah | a= not, gnos= knowledge, ia= condition
inability to comprehend
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| apathy A-pah-thee | a= no, path= suffering, y= condition
lack of emotion
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| hyperkinesia HAI-per-kih-NEE-shah | hyper= over, kinesia= movement
increase in muscle movement or activity
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| neurasthenia NIR-as-THEN-ee-ah | neur= nerve, asthenia= weakness
nerve weakness
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| neuroglycopenia NIR-oh-GLAI-koh-PEE-nee-ah | neuro= nerve, glyco= sugar, penia= deficiency
a deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain activity
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| nystagmus nih-STAG-mus | involuntary back and forth eye movements
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| prosophagnosia PRAW-soh-pag-NOH-zhah | prosop= face, a= no, gnos= knowledge, ia= condition
inability to recognize faces
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| anesthesiologist A-neh-STHEE-zee-AW-loh-jist | an= no, esthesio= sensation, logist= specialist
doctor who specializes in anesthesiology
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| afferent nerve A-fir-ent nirv | af= toward, ferent nerve= carry
a nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system
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| efferent nerve EH-fir-ent nirv | ef= away, ferent nerve= carry
a nerve taht carries impulses away from the central nervous system
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| neurogenic NIR-oh-JIN-ik | neuro= nerve, gen= creation, ic= pertaining to
originating from/ created from nerves
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| When a person reports feeling a mising limb, it is: | autosomatognosis
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