Ch. 9
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Neurology | medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system and uses laboratory and diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat the nervous system.
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| Cranium | the bones that cover the brain
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| Cerebral | Suffix: -al pertaining to
CF: cerebr/o- cerebrum
MD: pertaining to the cerebrum
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| Amnesia | partial or total (global) loss of memory of recent or remote experiences; consequences of a brain injury or a stroke that damages the hippocampus
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| Anencephaly | rare congenital condition in which some or all of the cranium and cerebrum are missing
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| Aphasia | loss of the ability to communicate verbally or in writing; occurs with head trauma, stroke, or Alz. when there is injury to the areas of the brain that deal with lang. & the interp. of sounds and symbols.
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| Dysphasia | limited impairment that involves some difficulty speaking or understanding words
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| Intracranial | S: -al pertaining to
P: intra- within
CF: crani/o- cranium; skull
MD: Pertaining to within the cranium or skull.
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| Cephalgia/ headache | pain in the head; also known as Headache
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| Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/ Stroke | disruption or blockage of blood flow to the brain, which causes tissue death and an area of necrosis; also known as a stroke or brain attack; severity & symptoms depend on how much brain tissue dies
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| Transient ischemic attack (TIA) | a temporary lack of oxygenated blood to an area of the brain; similar to a CVA; effects only last 24 hrs
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| Hemiparesis | muscle weakness on one side of the body
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| Hemiplegia | paralysis on one side of the body
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| Concussion | traumatic injury to the brain that results in an immediate loss of consciousness (LOC) for a brief or prolonged period of time
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| Contusion | traumatic injury to the brain or spinal cord
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| Dementia | disease of the brain in which many neurons in the cerebrum die, the cerebral cortex shrinks in size, and there is progressive deterioration in mental function
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| Alzheimer's Disease | hereditary dementia that is known to run in families with inherited mutations on chromosomes--most common type of dementia
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| Dyslexia | difficulty reading and writing words even though visual acuity and intelligence are normal
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| Encephalitis | inflammation & infection of the brain caused by a virus (herpes simplex virus is the most common)
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| Photophobia | associated w/ migraine headaches
S: -ia condition;state;thing
CF: phot/o- light CF: phob/o- avoidance; fear
MD: Conition of fear of light
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| Epilepsy | recurring condition in which a group of neurons in the brain spontaneously sends out electrical impulses in an abnormal, uncontrolled way
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| Seizures | convulsions; when a group of neurons in the brain spontaneously sends out electrical impulses in an abnormal uncontrolled way
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| Hematoma | localized collection of blood that forms in the brain because of trauma to the cranium or the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm or an AVM (arteriovenous malformation)
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| Hydrocephalus | condition in which an excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid is produced or the flow of the fluid is blocked, intracranial pressure increases, distends the ventricles in the brain
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| Meningitis | inflammation or infection of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord caused by a bacterium, virus, or fungus.
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| Nuchal rigidity | stiff neck with pain and inability to touch the chin to the chest--- important sign of meningitis
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| Narcolepsy | brief, involuntary episodes of falling asleep during daytime while engaged in activity
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| Parkinson's Disease | chronic, degenerative disease due to an imbalance in the levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain.
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| Syncope | temporary loss of consciousness; patient becomes lightheaded and faints and remains unconscious--fainting
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| Meningocele | protrusion of the meninges through the skin; this is a neural tube defect
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| Meningomyelocele | protrusion of the meninges and the spinal cord through the skin---also called myelomeningocele
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| Paraplegia | paralysis of the legs
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| Quadriplegia | paralysis of all four extremities
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| Anesthesia | condition in which sensation of any type is absent
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| Neuralgia | pain along the path of a nerve and its branches that is caused by an injury
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| Causalgia | severe, burning pain along a nerve and its branches
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| Neuritis | inflammation or infection of a nerve
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| Polyneuritis | generalized inflammation of many nerves in one part of the body or all the nerves of the body
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| Neuroma | benign tumor of the nerve
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| Neuropathy | general category for any type of disease or injury to a nerve
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| Paresthesia | condition in which abnormal sensations, such as tingling, burning, or pinpricks, are felt on the skin; often a result of chronic nerve damage from a pinched nerve or diabetic neuropathy
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| Myelography | procedure in which a radiopaque contrast dye is injected into the subarachnoid space at the level of L3 and L4 vertebrae
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| Electroencephalography (EEG) | procedure to record the electrical activity of the brain
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| Electroencephalogram (EEG) | computerized recording of brain waves
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| Polysomnography | procedure to diagnose the underlying conditions that can cause insomnia, sleep disruption, sleep apnea, or narcolepsy.
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| Babinski's sign | neurological test in which the end of the metal handle of a percussion hammer is used to firmly stroke the lateral sole of the foot from the heel to the toes
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| Lumbar puncture (LP)/ spinal tap | procedure to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSP); known as a spinal tap
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| Carotid Endarterectomy | procedure to remove plaque from the carotid artery
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| Craniotomy | process of making an incision in the cranium or skull
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| Diskectomy | surgical removal of an (intravertebral) disc
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| Laminectomy | surgical removal of the lamina (flat area on a vertebra)
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| Antiepileptic Drugs | these medications are used to prevent seizures of epilepsy; also known as anticonvulsant drugs
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| Neurologists | physicians who practice in the medical specialty of neurology
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| Neurosurgeon | doctors who perform surgery on the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
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| CSF CVA EEG LP TIA | -cerebrospinal fluid
-cerebrovascular accident
-electroencephalogram; electroencephalography
-lumbar puncture
-transient ischemic attack
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Created by:
Ash_Nic
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