reproductive system
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| testes | produce sperm and testosterone. located below the pelvic cavity on the outside of the body, within the scrotum.
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| scrotum | a pouch of skin that houses the testes.
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| penis | external cylinder-like shaped organ that moves urine and semen out of the body.
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| epididymis | coiled tube located superior to each teste, responsible for maturation of sperm cells
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| vas deferens | connects the epididymis to the urethra
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| seminal vesicles | sac-like organs that secrete seminal fluid. this fluid stimulates muscle contractions in the female reproductive organs to aid in propelling sperm forward.
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| prostate gland | surrounds the proximal urethra, contracts during ejaculation to aid in forward movement of sperm. secretes fluid that protects sperm within the vagina
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| bulbourethral glands (Cowper's glands) | inferior to the prostate gland, secrete fluid to lubricate the end of the penis to prepare for intercourse.
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| androgens | group of male sex hormones
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| testosterone | most abundant and biologically active male sex hormones
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| ovaries | pair of oval shaped organs located within the pelvic cavity. produce ova, estrogen, and progesterone
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| fallopian tubes | muscular tubes with proximal opening near each ovary, connects distally to uterus. receives egg during ovulation
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| uterus | hollow muscular organ, lies low in the pelvic cavity. receives fertilized egg, which implants into uterine wall for fetal development. in a nonpregnant female, the uterine lining sloughs off monthly, causing menstruation.
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| cervix | lower portion of the uterus, which created a barrier between the uterus and the vagina and dilates during childbirth.
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| vagina | muscular tube extending from the uterus to the outside of the body. expands during intercourse and childbirth.
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| labia majora | folds of skin and adipose tissue that protect other external genitalia.
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| labia minora | folds of skin within the labia majora, pinkish in color due to high blood circulation, forms a hood over the clitoris.
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| clitoris | highly sensitive female erectile tissue located anterior to the urethra.
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| perineum | area between the vagina and the anus
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| estrogen | group of female sex hormones
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| progesterone | hormone secreted by ovaries
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| estradiol | most abundant and biologically active female hormone.
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