exam 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Francesco Redi | show 🗑
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| show | "a life force" produced spontaneous generation. boiling was not long enough to kill endospores of microbes
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| Lazzaro Spallanzani | show 🗑
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| show | disproving spontaneous generation. air moves in and out of flask. infusion remains sterile indefienitely. dust from air settles in bend.
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| Germ theory by pasteur | show 🗑
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| Koch major discoveries | show 🗑
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| show | causal relationship b/w causative microorganism and a disease.
1. same microorganisms (MO) are present in every case of disease
2.MO iso from tissue of dead, pure culture
3. MO inoculated into healthy cause disease.
4.MO iso from experimental animal
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| show | extracts from diseases tobacco plants can transmit disease to other plants after passage through filters
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| show | poliomyelitis was caused by virus
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| show | independently recognized viruses which infect bacteria, bacteriophages
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| show | grow poliovirus in vitro using human tissue culture
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| Kausce | show 🗑
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| show | demonstration of morphology and size of stained bacteria and fungi
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| show | examining unstained cells in suspension
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| dark-field | show 🗑
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| show | ID microorganism w/ sp AB conjugated w/ fluorochromes
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| show | demonstrating viruses in biological material and demonstrating ultrastructures of other microorganisms
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| show | demonstrating 3D structure of microorganisms
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| Archaea | show 🗑
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| Fungi | show 🗑
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| show | multicellular, filamentous growth,repro via sexual and asexual spores
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| Yeast | show 🗑
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| components of flagella | show 🗑
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| Fimbria | show 🗑
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| show | are for transfer of DNA from one cell to another. conjugation
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| show | 1.Crystal violet. cells stained purple
2.iodine. mordant. cells remain purple
3.ethanol and acetone.decolarized. Gpos=purple. Gneg=colorless
4.safranin= Gpos=purple. Gneg=pink
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| show | durability and pathogenicity. high content of dipicolinic acid and Ca. resistant to drying, pasturization, radiation, disinfectants
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| show | when the cytoplasmic mem grows and engulfs forespore w/in a second mem. vegetatice cell's DNA disintegrates.
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| show | enzymes (proteases and lipases), proteins acting as cytotoxis or apoptotic. Gram neg bacteria esp!
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| generation time | show 🗑
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| show | oxygen is highly reactive and excellent oxidizing agent. oxidization causes irreparable damage to cells
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| show | to dissolve enzymes and nutrients. reactant in metabolic rxns
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| two common isolation techniques | show 🗑
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| complex media ex | show 🗑
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| show | contain nutrients released by partial digestion of yeast, beef, soy, casein. Fastidious bacteria grow
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| why is blood added to complex media | show 🗑
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| show | contains substances for particular organism or inhibit the growth of unwanted organisms.
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| show | plasmids, bacteriophages, transposons
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| show | use of well characterized lytic phages to id specific bacteria. causes lysis of bacteria.
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| show | chemicals that affect physiology in any matter
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| show | drugs that treat infections. they can kill or inhibit growth of susceptible microoganism
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| show | "Magic bullets" arsenic compounds that killed Treponema pallidum, causative agent of syphilis
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| Gerhard Domagk | show 🗑
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| Alexander fleming | show 🗑
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| Selman Waksman | show 🗑
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| show | Based on differences of biochemical, structural or metabolic pathways b/w bacteria and eukaryotes.
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| Mechanism of action of inhibition of cell wall syn | show 🗑
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| Inhibition of cell wall syn | show 🗑
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| show | 1.Penicillins
2.Cephalosporins
3.Monobactams
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| show | more stable in acidic env. more readily absorbed, less susceptible to deactivation, more active against more types of bacteria.
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| show | Drugs selectively target translation at 70s (30s and 50s). can be more toxic and have more adverse effects
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| Mechanism of action disruption of cytoplasmic mem | show 🗑
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| show | block DNA replication or mRNA transcription. Affect both prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.
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| Mechanism of action inhibition of metabolic pathways | show 🗑
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| Ideal antimicrobial agent | show 🗑
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| Resistance by bacteria acquired | show 🗑
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| show | 1.Produce enzyme that destroys activating drug
2.Slow or prevent entry of drug into cell
3.Alter target of drug, less binding
4.Alter metabolic chem
5.Pump antimicrobial drug out of cell before it can act
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| Mutualism | show 🗑
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| show | Bacteria: benefit
Host: neither benefit nor harmed
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| show | Bacteria: benefit
host: harmed
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| show | are a part of the normal microbiota throughout life. mostly commensal
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| transient microbiota | show 🗑
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| show | Normal microbiota that cause disease under certain circumstances.
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| Conditions that provide opportunities for pathogens | show 🗑
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| show | sites where pathogens are maintained as a source of infection
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| Types of reserviors | show 🗑
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| show | secreted by the pathogen. dissolve structural chemicals in the body. Help pathogen maintain infection, invade, and avoid body defenses
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| 5 functions of AB | show 🗑
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