Acquiring Medical Language 2nd Edition
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| costalgia kaws-TAL-jah | rib pain
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| metatarsalgia meh-tah-tar-SAL-jah | pain in the bones of the foot
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| ostalgia aws-TAL-jah | bone pain
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| osteodynia aws-tee-oh-DIH-nee-ah | bone pain
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| spondylodynia spawn-dih-loh-DIH-nee-ah | vertebra pain
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| tibialgia tih-bee-AL-ja | tibia (shin) pain
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| ankylosis an-kih-LOH-sis | joint stiffness
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| arthralgia ar-THRAL-jah | joint pain
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| arthrodynia ar-throh-DIH-nee-ah | joint pain
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| cervicodynia sir-vih-koh-DAI-nee-ah | neck pain
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| crepitation kreh-pih-TAY-shun | a crackling sound heard in joints
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| genu valgum JEH-noo VAL-gum | knock-kneed
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| genu varum JEH-noo VAH-rum | bowlegged
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| bradykinesia bray-dih-kih-NEE-zhah | slow movement
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| dyskinesia dis-kih-NEE-zhah | inability to control movement
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| dystaxia dis-TAK-see-ah | poor coordination
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| dystonia dis-TOH-nee-ah | poor muscle tone
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| graphospasm gra-foh-SPAZM | writer’s cramp
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| hyperkinesia hai-per-kih-NEE-zhah | increase in muscle movement or activity
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| hypertonia hai-per-TOH-nee-yah | increased muscle tone or tightness
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| hypokinesia hai-poh-kih-NEE-zhah | decrease in muscle movement or activity
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| hypotonia hai-poh-TOH-nee-yah | decrease in muscle tone or tightness
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| myalgia mai-AL-jah | muscle pain
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| myasthenia mai-as-THEH-nee-ah | muscle weakness
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| myodynia mai-oh-DAI-nee-ah | muscle pain
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| myospasm mai-oh-SPAZ-um | muscle spasm
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| tenalgia ten-AL-jah | tendon pain
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| arthrocentesis ar-throh-sin-TEE-sis | puncture of a joint
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| arthroscope AR-throh-skohp | instrument for looking into a joint
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| arthroscopy ar-THRAW-skoh-pee | procedure of looking into a joint
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| electromyogram eh-lek-troh-MAI-o-gram | a record of the electrical activity of a muscle
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| electromyography eh-LEK-troh-mai-AW-grah-fee | procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle
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| myography mai-AW-grah-fee | procedure for studying muscles
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| arthrogram AR-throh-gram | visual record of a joint
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| arthrography ar-THRAW-grah-fee | procedure used to examine a joint
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| computed axial tomography (CAT or CT) kom-PYOO-ted AK-see-al taw-MAW-grah-fee | imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis
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| kyphosis kai-FOH-sis | humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine
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| lordosis lor-DOH-sis | sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine
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| scoliosis SKOH-lee-OH-sis | crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
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| carpitis kar-PAI-tis | wrist inflammation
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| craniomalacia kray-nee-oh-mah-LAY-shah | softening of the skull
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| exostosis eks-aws-TOH-sis | an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone
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| fracture FRAK-shur | a bone break
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| osteodystrophy aws-tee-oh-DIH-stroh-fee | poor bone development
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| osteolysis aw-stee-AW-lih-sis | bone loss
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| osteonecrosis aw-stee-oh-nih-KROH-sis | death of bone
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| osteosclerosis aw-stee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis | abnormal hardening of bone
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| polydactyly paw-lee-DAK-tih-lee | having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes)
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| spondylitis spawn-dih-LAI-tis | vertebra inflammation
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| spondylomalacia spawn-dih-loh-mah-LAY-shah | softening of the vertebra
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| syndactyly sin-DAK-tih-lee | fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes)
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| tarsoptosis tar-sawp-TOH-sis | flat feet
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| bursolith BIR-soh-lith | a stone in a bursa
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| effusion ee-FYOO-zhun | fluid buildup
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| hemarthrosis hee-mar-THROH-sis | blood in a joint
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| hydrarthrosis hai-drar-THROH-sis | water (fluid) in a joint
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| pyarthrosis pai-ar-THROH-sis | pus in a joint
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| atrophy A-troh-fee | underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue
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| hypertrophy hai-PER-troh-fee | overdevelopment of muscle tissue
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| myocele MAI-oh-seel | hernia of muscle tissue
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| myolysis mai-AW-lih-sis | loss of muscle tissue
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| myomalacia mai-oh-mah-LAY-shah | softening of a muscle
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| myosclerosis mai-oh-skleh-ROH-sis | hardening of a muscle
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| myotasis mai-AW-tah-sis | stretching of a muscle
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| myotonia mai-oh-TOH-nee-ah | muscle tone
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| ankylosing spondylitis an-kih-LOH-sing spawn-dih-LAI-tis | a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae
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| chondro-osteodystrophy KAWN-droh-AW-stee-oh-DIH-stroh-fee | poor development of bones and cartilage
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| craniosynostosis KRAY-nee-oh-SIN-aw-STOH-sis | the premature fusing of the skull bones
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| dactylitis DAK-tih-LAI-tis | finger inflammation
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| hypertrophic spondylitis HAI-per-TROH-fik spon-dih-LAI-tis | overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation
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| osteitis AW-stee-AI-tis | bone inflammation
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| osteochondritis AW-stee-oh-kon-DRAI-tis | inflammation of bone and cartilage
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| osteogenesis imperfecta AW-stee-oh-JIN-eh-sis IM-per-FEK-tah | a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease
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| osteomalacia AW-stee-oh-mah-LAY-shah | softening of the bone
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| osteomyelitis AW-stee-oh-MAI-eh-LAI-tis | inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
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| osteopathy AW-stee-AW-pah-thee | bone disease
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| osteopenia AW-stee-oh-PEE-nee-yah | reduction in bone volume
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| osteoporosis AW-stee-oh-por-OH-sis | loss of bone density
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| spinal stenosis SPAI-nal stih-NOH-sis | abnormal narrowing of the spine
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| spondyloarthropathy SPAWN-dih-loh-ar-THRAW-pah-thee | joint disease of the vertebrae
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| spondylolisthesis SPAWN-dih-loh-lis-THEE-sis | the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra
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| spondylolysis SPAWN-dih-LO-li-sis | loss of vertebra structure
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| spondylosis SPAWN-dih-LOH-sis | vertebra condition
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| arthritis ar-THRAI-tis | joint inflammation
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| rheumatoid arthritis ROO-mah-toyd ar-THRAI-tis | inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever
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| septic arthritis SEP-tik ar-THRAI-tis | inflammation of the joint caused by infection
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| osteoarthritis AW-stee-oh-ar-THRAI-tis | inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight
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| arthrocele AR-throh-seel | hernia of a joint
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| arthrodysplasia AR-throh-dis-PLAY-zhah | abnormal joint development
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| arthropathy ar-THRAW-pah-thee | joint disease
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| arthrosclerosis AR-throh-skleh-ROH-sis | hardening of the joints
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| bursitis bur-SAI-tis | inflammation of the bursa
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| bursopathy bur-SAW-pah-thee | disease of the bursa
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| subluxation sub-luk-SAY-shun | partial dislocation of a joint
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| achondroplasia AY-kawn-droh-PLAY-zhah | a defect in the formation of cartilage
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| chondromalacia KAWN-droh-mah-LAY-shah | abnormal softening of the cartilage
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| costochondritis KAW-stoh-kawn-DRAI-tis | inflammation of the cartilage of the rib
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| fasciitis FA-shee-AI-tis | inflammation of the fascia
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| muscular dystrophy MUS-kyoo-lar DIS-troh-fee | disorder characterized by poor muscle development
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| myoclonus MAI-oh-KLAWN-us | violent muscle contraction
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| myopathy mai-AW-pah-thee | muscle disease
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| myasthenia MAI-as-THEE-nee-ah | muscle weakness
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| myofasciitis MAI-oh-FA-shee-AI-tis | inflammation of muscle and fascia
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| myositis MAI-oh-SAI-tis | muscle inflammation
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| necrotizing fasciitis NEH-kroh-TAI-zing FA-shee-AI-tis | inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue
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| polymyositis PAW-lee-MAI-oh-SAI-tis | inflammation of multiple muscles
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| tardive dyskinesia TAR-div DIS-kin-EE-zhah | condition characterized by the loss of muscle control
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| tendinitis TEN-dih-NAI-tis | tendon inflammation
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| tendonitis TEN-dah-NAI-tis | tendon inflammation
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| chondroma kawn-DROH-mah | a tumorlike growth of cartilage tissue
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| myoma mai-OH-mah | a muscle tumor
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| myosarcoma MAI-oh-sar-KOH-mah | a cancerous muscle tumor
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| osteocarcinoma AW-stee-oh-KAR-sih-NOH-mah | bone cancer tumor
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| osteochondroma AW-stee-oh-kon-DROH-mah | a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage
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| osteosarcoma AW-stee-oh-sar-KOH-mah | cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells
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| analgesic A-nal-JEE-zik | a drug that relieves pain
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| antiarthritic AN-tee-ar-THRIH-tik | a drug that opposes joint inflammation
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| anti-inflammatory AN-tee-in-FLA-mah-TOR-ee | a drug that opposes inflammation
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| antipyretic AN-tee-pir-ih-tik | a drug that opposes fever
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| carpectomy kar-PEK-toh-mee | removal of all or part of the wrist
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| costectomy kaws-TEK-toh-mee | removal of a rib
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| craniectomy KRAY-nee-EK-toh-mee | removal of a portion of the skull
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| craniotomy KRAY-nee-AW-toh-mee | removal of a portion of the skull
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| external fixation EKS-tir-nal fik-SAY-shun | the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e., using casts, splints, stabilizers)
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| internal fixation IN-tir-nal fik-SAY-shun | the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e., using screws, pins, plates)
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| closed reduction klohzd ree-DUK-shun | returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery
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| open reduction OH-pen ree-DUK-shun | returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery
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| metacarpectomy MEH-tah-kar-PEK-toh-mee | removal of a bone in the hand
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| orthotics or-THAW-tiks | a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body
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| ostectomy aws-TEK-toh-mee | removal of a bone
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| osteectomy aws-tee-EK-toh-mee | removal of a bone
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| osteoclasia AWS-tee-oh-KLAY-zhah | the surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity)
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| osteoplasty AWS-tee-oh-PLAS-tee | reconstruction of a bone
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| osteotomy AWS-tee-AW-toh-mee | incision into a bone
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| prosthesis praws-THEE-sis | a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function
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| spondylosyndesis SPAWN-dih-loh-sin-DEE-sis | fusing together of multiple vertebrae
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| sternotomy stir-NAW-toh-mee | incision into the sternum
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| tarsectomy tar-SEK-toh-mee | removal of all or a portion of the ankle
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| tarsoclasia TAR-soh-KLAY-zhah | surgical fracture of the ankle (i.e., to treat clubfoot)
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| arthrectomy ar-THREK-toh-mee | removal of a joint
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| arthroclasia AR-throh-KLAY-zhah | the therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility
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| arthrodesis AR-throh-DEE-sis | surgical fixation of a joint
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| arthrolysis ar-THRAW-lih-sis | loosening a stiff joint
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| arthroplasty AR-throh-PLAS-tee | reconstruction of a joint
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| arthrotomy ar-THRAW-toh-mee | incision into a joint
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| bursectomy bir-SEK-toh-mee | removal of a bursa
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| bursotomy bir-SAW-toh-mee | incision into a bursa
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| chondrectomy kawn-DREK-toh-mee | removal of cartilage
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| chondroplasty KAWN-droh-PLAS-tee | reconstruction of cartilage
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| fasciectomy FA-shee-EK-toh-mee | removal of fascia
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| fasciodesis FA-shoh-DEE-sis | binding of fascia
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| fascioplasty FA-shoh-PLAS-tee | reconstruction of fascia
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| fasciorrhaphy fah-SHOR-ah-fee | suturing of fascia
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| fasciotomy FA-shee-AW-toh-mee | incision into fascia
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| myectomy mai-EK-toh-mee | removal of muscle
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| myodesis MAI-oh-DEE-sis | binding of a muscle
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| myomectomy MAI-oh-MEK-toh-mee | removal of a muscle tumor
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| myoplasty MAI-oh-PLAS-tee | muscle reconstruction
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| myorrhaphy mai-OR-ah-fee | muscle suture
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| myotomy mai-AW-toh-mee | incision into muscle
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| tendectomy ten-DEK-toh-mee | removal of a tendon
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| tendoplasty TEN-doh-PLAS-tee | reconstruction of a tendon
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| tenodesis TEN-oh-DEE-sis | binding of a tendon
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| tenolysis ten-AW-lih-sis | freeing/loosening a tendon
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| tenonectomy TEN-oh-NEK-toh-mee | removal of a tendon
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| tenoplasty TEN-oh-PLAS-tee | reconstruction of a tendon
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| tenorrhaphy ten-OR-ah-fee | suture of a tendon
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| tenotomy ten-AW-toh-mee | incision into a tendon
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| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament
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| MCL | medial collateral ligament
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| LCL | lateral collateral ligament
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| PCL | posterior cruciate ligament
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| C1–C7 | cervical (of the neck) vertebrae
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| T1–T12 | thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae
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| L1–L5 | lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae
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| S1–S5 | sacral vertebrae
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| DTR | deep tendon reflexes (this is what doctors are testing when they tap the knee with a reflex hammer)
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| EMG | electromyogram
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| FROM | full range of motion
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| NSAID | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
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| OA | osteoarthritis
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| ORIF | open reduction internal fixation
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| PT | physical therapy
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| RA | rheumatoid arthritis
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| RICE | rest, ice, compression, elevation
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| ROM | range of motion
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| WB | weight bearing
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| WBAT | weight bearing as tolerated
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