Spinal Sensory and Motor Pathways
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show | From somatic receptors to primary somatosensory area in the cerebral cortex
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How many neurons are involved in sensory pathways? | show 🗑
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show | Axon collaterals of somatic sensory neurons
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show | 1st order
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What neurons conduct impulses from brainstem or spinal cord to thalamus? | show 🗑
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show | 3rd order
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What kind of information does the posterior column carry? | show 🗑
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show | Medial lemniscus
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What kind of activities use discriminative touch and proprioception? | show 🗑
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What is stereognosis? | show 🗑
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show | Dorsal ganglia
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show | Spinal cord of brainstem
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show | Ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus
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show | Discriminative touch and conscious proprioception
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What kind of activities does discriminative touch and proprioception aid in? | show 🗑
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show | Ability to perceive shape of an object through touch
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What does it mean that the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway runs ipsilateral? | show 🗑
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show | Cell body in dorsal root ganglia
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In the posterior column-medial lemniscus, where do fibers from the lower parts of the body ascend in? | show 🗑
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In the posterior column-medial lemniscus, where do fibers from the upper parts of the body ascend in? | show 🗑
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show | Medulla - gracilis (lower) or cuneate (upper) nucleus
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In the posterior column-medial lemniscus, what are the 2nd order neurons referred to as and why? | show 🗑
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In the posterior column-medial lemniscus, after the 2nd order neuron crosses the midline, where will it be packed? | show 🗑
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show | VPL nucleus of thalamus
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show | Crude vibrations
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show | Internal capsule
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What kind of information is carried in the anterior spinothalamic tract? | show 🗑
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What does it mean the the anterior spinothalamic pathway is contralateral? | show 🗑
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show | Travel up or down - one or two segments in Lissauer's tract
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show | AKA dorsolateral tract - tract that connects several segments of spinal cord
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show | Tip of dorsal horn and surface of spinal cord
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Why would you need Lissauer's tract? | show 🗑
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show | Anterior funiculus (AKA column)
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In the anterior spinothalamic pathway, how does the 2nd order cross to the anterior column on the opposite side? | show 🗑
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show | Small white matter between anterior horns of spinal cord in front of central canal
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What is on both sides of the anterior white commissure? | show 🗑
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show | If this is damaged, then both sides are compromised
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In the anterior spinothalamic pathway, where does the 2nd order neuron synapse with the 3rd order? | show 🗑
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show | Vague awareness and crude localization of touch and pressure
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In the anterior spinothalamic pathway, how does the 3rd order neuron send info to cortex | show 🗑
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show | Full awareness and localization for pressure and touch
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What kind of information is carried through lateral spinothalamic tract? | show 🗑
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Compare anterior and lateral spinothalamic tract | show 🗑
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show | Anterior - Crude touch, pressure. Lateral - pain, temperature, tickle, itch
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show | Dorsal horn
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show | Substance P
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What tract is considered a subdivision of the spinothalamic tract? | show 🗑
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What is the function of the spinotectal tract? | show 🗑
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How does the spinotectal tract differ from the spinothalamic? | show 🗑
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How does the spinotectal tract drive reflexes? | show 🗑
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show | Spinoreticular and spinomesencephailc
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What is the function of the spinoreticular tract? | show 🗑
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Why is the spinoreticular tract ipsilateral? | show 🗑
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show | Reticular formation
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What is the function of the spinomesencephalic tract? | show 🗑
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Where does the spinomesencephalic tract terminate in? | show 🗑
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What do the neurons in PAG contain? | show 🗑
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Where do the neurons in the upper motor neurons begin? | show 🗑
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Where do the neurons in the upper motor neurons terminate in? | show 🗑
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show | Brainstem
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show | Cranial nerve nuclei (III, IV in midbrain; V-VIII in pons; IX-XII in medulla)
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show | Spinal cord
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Where do the corticospinal tract synapse on? | show 🗑
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show | Brainstem; spinal cord
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show | Brain stem or spinal cord
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show | Muscles
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Where are the cell bodies of lower motor neurons in the spinal cord? | show 🗑
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show | Motor nuclei of cranial nerves in brainstem
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What tract is involved in upper motor neuron lesions? | show 🗑
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show | Contralateral
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show | Spastic muscles, exaggerated or pathological reflexes, paresis or paralysis when voluntary movement attempted
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show | Flaccid muscles and atrophy, loss of reflexes, paresis or paralysis when voluntary movement attempted
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What is usually affected in lower motor neuron lesions? | show 🗑
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show | Ipsilateral
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show | Internal capsule, crus cerebri of midbrain, basilar portion of pons, pyramids of medulla
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show | Most fibers cross at decussation of pyramids
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show | Lateral corticospinal tract
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show | Lateral column of spinal cord
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show | Anterior corticospinal tract
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For the corticospinal tracts, based on the name, what column does the anterior corticospinal tract descend in? | show 🗑
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For the corticospinal tracts, when does the anterior corticospinal tract cross over? | show 🗑
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What is the function of the corticospinal tract? | show 🗑
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What structures does the corticospinal tract receive input from? | show 🗑
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show | Controls movements of the head in response to visual stimuli
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show | Superior colliculus of midbrain
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show | IT is where spintotectal tract terminates
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show | Yes, fibers cross soon after origin and descend through brainstem
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What column does the tectospinal tract travel in? | show 🗑
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Where does the tectospinal tract terminate in? | show 🗑
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What does the tectospinal tract also connect with? | show 🗑
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show | Coordination of eye movements
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show | CN 1-6
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show | Lateral vestibular nucleus
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What do the vestibular nuclei belong to? | show 🗑
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Why is the lateral vestibulospinal tract ipsilateral? | show 🗑
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show | Anterior column of spinal cord
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show | Regulate muscle tone in response to movements of the head – plays role in balance and equilibrium
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show | Inner ear via vestibulocochlear nerve and cerebellum
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show | Pontine – reticular formation of pons; Medullary – reticular formation of medulla
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How do the pontine and medullary reticulospinal tract differ? | show 🗑
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What is the function of the reticulospinal tract? | show 🗑
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show | Allows for inhibition of antagonist muscle when agonist is contracted
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What structures does the reticulospinal tract receive input from? | show 🗑
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How is pain modulated? | show 🗑
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show | Flexor
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show | Extensor
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What is the implication for inhibition of flexor and excitation of extensor muscles in the vestibulo tract? | show 🗑
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What tract is older than corticospinal? | show 🗑
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show | Crawling before walking. Damage to CPT can be overcome with time by RS
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What tract causes automatic swinging of arms when walking? | show 🗑
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show | Fibers cross over at level of nucleus
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Where does the rubrospinal tract begin? | show 🗑
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Describe the path for the rubrospinal tract | show 🗑
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What muscles are inhibited for rubrospinal tract? | show 🗑
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What muscles are excited for the rubrospinal tract? | show 🗑
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What is the direction of nervous system development and myelination? | show 🗑
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show | Babies already have everything at reflexes except at cortical level. So will have rubrospinal in action then will have cortical once cortical has full myelination
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The fibers in rubrospinal tract are concerned with what? | show 🗑
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show | Cerebellum, cerebral cortex, branches of corticospinal tracts
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