common factors
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Risk Assesment is based on? | 1) Hazard ID 2) Dose response 3) exposure assesment 4) Risk characterization
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| when a patient asks am I at risk have these in mind | 1) existance of hazard 2) exposure 3) level of risk
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| EPAs basis for hazardous nature | 1) no level at which it is not hazardous, 2) benign tumor - malignant tumor 3) animals are fine models
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| signs of tobacco in adultes | 1) rhinitis/pharyngitis 2) conjunctival irritation 3) headache 4) wheezing 5) exacerbation of chronic resp conditions
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| signs of tobacco in kids | asthma, URTI, Otitis media, snoring, pneumonia and bronchitis
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| effects on the lungs of children exposed to tobacco | reduced growth and function with doubled incidence of infection and pneumonia
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| when is maternal smoking damage most pronounced | 20-36 weeks
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| what are some fetal dev side effects of smoking in the maternal pregnancy | abruptio placenta, placenta previa, premature rupture of the membrane
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| when does tobacco exposure increase the risk of SIDS | in utero and post natal (lactation too)
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| what are some volatile organic compounda | formaldehyde, benzene, pesticides, solvents cleaning agents
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| key signs of volatile exposure | Eyes, Nose, Throat irritation, Headache, Allergic skin rx, Dyspnea, decreased serum cholinesterase, Nausea emesis, epistaxis (nose bleed) fatique dizzines
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| how do you diagnose volatile exposure | new anything, cleaners, remodeling, others complaining
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| what are the four types of radiation | alpha, Beta, gamma, X-ray
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| what is the radiation that is stopped by lead adn concrete but passes through organic matter | gamma and x
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| what are sources of natural radiaiton | sun and cosmic rays as well as uranium potassium radon
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| why do we worry about radiation | stochastic (cancer especially kids who have more dividing cells) and non-stochastic such as radiation sickness that includes damage to bone marrow, destruction of intestinal lining adn damage to the CNS
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| which radiation can we inhale and ingest | alpha and beta
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| gamma does the most damage but you can be burned by? | B particles
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| most heavy metals that are hazardous are | 25% ARE heavy metals number 123 aresenic, lead, mercury
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| cadmium and chromium (6) are what level on the toxin scale | 7 and 16
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| mercury exposure always has? | tremor
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| cadmium hurts | kidneys and bone
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| chromium hurts | nasal and skin ulcers with incresaed risk of leukemia
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| aluminum | linked to alzheimers may result in anemia and osteodystrophy
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| Iron | hepatotoxin that causes vasodepression can occur up to 6 weeks after exposue
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| too much zinc | cramps nausea vomiting and lower HDL
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| lead | can cause reversal of dev. in kids
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| treat lead poisoning | with chelators that make compound that drive lead out of the body
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| two types of asbestos fibers | serpentine and amphiboles
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| what are serpentine fibers like | small and DOES NOT DEPOSIT
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| 90% of the worlds asbestos is | serpentine
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| what is amphiboles asbestos | long slender very brittle which makes them be trapped in the lungs
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| what diseases are associated with asbestos | asbestosis, mesothelioma and lung cancer (increased in those who smoke)
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| what is the acceptible level of lead in children | less than 10 ug/DL (adults are 25)
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| how do you diagnose lead toxicity | whle blood level vs. whole body burden (just the blood)
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| Lead poisoning in children can present as? | anorexic constipation and altering between hyperactivity and lethargy
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| Chornic exposure to lead results in | peripheral neuropathy and anemia
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| what effect do new pesticides (organophasphate and carbamates have on the body | bind to ach esterase so that there is no breakdown of Ach resulting in unopposed Ach stim
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| acute symptoms of new pesticide inhalation | think all things autonomic
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| when should pesticide exposure make you think life threatening | LOC, Incontinence, Seizures, Resp. Depression
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| Treat pesticide exposrue | oxygen and atropine
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| pyrethroids | mimix organophasphate toxicity but mostly act at CNS with seizures, disturbed consciousness adn paresthesia
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| how do you treat pyethroid exposure | vit e? stop paresthesia
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| Who is hazardous to the lungs | asbestos
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| who is hazardous to the kidneys | chromium and cadmium
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| who is hazardous to the hematopoietic cells | arsensic, aluminum, lead
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| who is hazardous to the liver | iron and inorganic mergury
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| who is hazardous to the CNS | elemental and organic mercury as well as arsenic and lead
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