keep it simple
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| what pathology of the endometrium can present with bleedign | virtually all of them
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| estrogen signals what phase | proliferative
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| progesterone signals what phase | secretory
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| what happens to the stroma during the secretory phase | progesterone prevents it from shedding and it has a pseudodecidualized appearance
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| what does the stroma in post menopausal women look like | dense but thin
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| what do oral contraceptive do to the glands and stroma | glands are small and inactive and the stroma is predecidualized
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| most common cause of abnormal bleeding | anovulation
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| what is the histiological explanation for dysfunctional uterine bleeding | estrogen stimulation without subsequent progesterone to shed the lining
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| Acute endometriosis | often s. aureus, strep or gonorrhea that occurs postpartum or post abortion (remaining placental parts)
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| histology of acute endometriosis | neutrophils in stroma microabscess and filling gland lumens
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| Chronic endometriosis | may be due to infections (chlam or gon) or trauma from IUD or leiomyomata emboli
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| histology of chronic endometriosis | infiltrate of plasma cells not neutrophils like acute
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| endometrial Polyp | common benign may cause irregular bleeding
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| what is an endometrial polyp histiologically | dilated gland with fibrotic stroma and thick walled vessel
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| Adenomyosis | when ENDOMETRIAL gland is found within the MYOMETRIUM
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| Endometrial Hyperplasia | in perimenopausal women as a result of increased estrogen due to proliferation of the glands
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| when is endometrial hyperplasia considered to be premalignant | when there is cellular atypia
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| Endometrial Adenocarcinoma | 4th most frequent cancer in women with excess estrogen being the main association based on obesity, therapy, age of menopause, anovulation, tamoxifen)
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| what percent of patients with adenocarcinoma are postmenopausal | 75%
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| who is the typical adenocarcinoma patient | obese women with chronic anovulation (Polycystic ovarian disease) who is postmenopausal
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| most common type of adenocarcinoma | endometrioid
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| Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma | hyperplasial version of endometrial adenocarcinoma
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| Uterine papillary serous carcinoma | worse prognosis atrophic version of endometrial adenocarcinoma
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| what is the difference in prognosis between endometroid and UPSC (adenocarcinomas of the endometrium) | UPSC has a much worse prog. Endometroid have 90% 5 year with 75% presenting in stage 1
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| Leiomyomas | benign fibroids MOST COMMON NEOPLASM IN WOMEN (25% of premenopausal)
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| how do leiomyomas appear | whorled tan-white interlaces smooth muscle
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| Leiomyosarcomas | Malignant mets to lung liver and brain within 2 years of diagnosis unlike leiomyomas they have focal hemorrhage necrosis and cytological atypia
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| Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor | often in elderly women with polypoid mass coming from the endometrium and protruding through the cervix (poor prog - mix of leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma)
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