Essentials of Medical Terminology - Ch. 6
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| epidermis | outer layer
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| dermis | inner layer
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| subcutaneous | underlying the dermis
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| epiermis consists | epithelial, melanocytes, & keratinocytes
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| epidermis | not only covers the body but also lines body cavities & covers organs
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| melonocytes | responsible for skin colors
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| melanin | a pigment (more produced, the darker the skin)
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| keratinocytes | produce a protein that infiltrates the outermost layer of epithelia cells & make them tough, waterproof, & resistant to bacteria
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| stratum corneum (horny layer) | most superficial layer (continuously being shed)
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| epidermis | no blood vessels or nerves
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| epidermis function | protection
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| epidermis tissue | epithelial tissue
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| dernis cells | fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, & plasma cells
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| dermis tissue | connective tissue
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| dermis function | temperature regulation, sensation, secretion, nutrition, & protection
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| basal cell | deepest layer of epidermis
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| dermis | lies beneath the layer of the epidermis
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| connective tissue | contain hair follicles, blood vessels, nerves, & glands
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| blood vessels in dermis | nutrient supplier for the skin
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| thermoregulation | blood vessels that help control inner body temp thru a process
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| sensory receptors in the dermis | responsible for our sense of touch
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| glands in dermis | secrete substances necessary for skin maintenance & function
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| tissue of dermis | strengthen & protect the skin
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| fibroblasts (tissue) | produces collagen, protein that makes the skin tough & durable
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| macrophages (tissue) | engulf bacteria & other potentially harmful foreigh substances
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| mast cells (tissue) | produce histamine
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| plasma cells (tissue) | produce antibodies
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| histamine & antibodies | act against foreign materials
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| subcutaneous tissue | connects the dermis to inner structures & provides insulation
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| integumentary system | skin & accessory organs such as hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands
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| hair is formed | in a hair follicle
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| shaft of hair consists | keratinized cells
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| hair consists | epidermal cells
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| nail & cuticle consist | keratinized epithelial cells
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| sebaceous glands | secrete sebum (oil) which keeps skin soft & waterproof
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| sudoriferous glands | secrete sweat to cool the skin
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| ceruminous glands | secrete cerumen in the ear to prevent infection
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| cry/o | cold
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| leuk/o | white
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| papill/o | nipple-like
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| scler/o | hardening
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| xer/o | dry
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| -ism | process
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| -ium; -um | structure
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| -sis | state of; condition
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| albinism | lack of pigment in the skin, hair, & eyes
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| albin/o | white
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| skin biopsy | removal of living tissue for microscopic examination
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| cyan/o | blue
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| cyanotic | pertaining to a blusish discoloration of skin
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| -itis | inflammation
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| dermatitis | inflammation of the skin
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| dermatology | study of the skin and its disease
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| dermatologist | one who specializes in the study of the skin and its diseases
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| hypodermic | pertaining to below the skin;
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| hypo- | under; below
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| -plasty | surgical reconstruction
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| dermatoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the skin; surgical replacement of injured or diseased skin
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| diaphor/e | profuse sweating
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| diaphoresis | state of profuse sweating
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| electr/o | electric
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| -lysis | breakdown; destruction
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| electrolysis | destruction of tissue by electricity; used to remove unwanted body hair
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| epitheli/o | covering
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| -al | pertaining to
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| epithelium | structure made up of epithelial cells covering the internal & external surfaces of the body
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| epithelial | pertaining to the epithelium
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| erythemat/o | red
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| -ous | pertaining to
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| erythematous | pertaining to a redness of the skin (is an adj)
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| erythr/o | red
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| hidr/o | sweat
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| -osis | abnormal condition
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| a(n)- | no; not; lack of
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| anhidrosis | lack of sweat
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| hyper- | excessive; above normal
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| hyperhidrosis | excessive secretion of the sweat
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| kerat/o; keratin/o | hard; hornlike
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| -cyte | cell
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| hyperkeratosis | excessive growth of the outer layer of skin (horny layer)
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| keratinocyte | cells that produce keratin
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| -oma | tumor; mass
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| lipoma | tumor or mass containing fat
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| suction | process of aspiration or withdrawing
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| liposuction | withdrawl of ft from the subcutaneous tissue
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| melan/o | black
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| melanocyte | cell that produces melanin
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| myc/o | fungus
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| dermat/o | skin
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| dermatomycosis | fungal infection of the skin
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| necr/o | death
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| -tic | pertaining to
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| necrotic tissue | pertaining to death of tissue
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| onych/o | nail
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| para | beside; near
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| eponychium (ep-oh-NICK-ee-um) | structure upon the nail; the cuticle
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| onychomycosis (on-ih-koh-my-KOH-sis) | fungal infection of the nail
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| paronychia (par-oh-NICK-ee-ah) | inflammation of the tissue around the nail
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| pil/o | hair
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| pilosebaceous (pye-loh-seh-BAY-shus) | pertaining to hair follicles & sebaceous glands
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| seb/o | sebum
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| py/o | pus
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| -genic | producing
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| pyogenic | pus producing
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| ras/o | scrape
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| ab- | away from
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| abrasion | scraping away of the superficial layers of injured skin (injury from a floor burn)
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| rhytid/o | wrinkle
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| -ectomy | surgical excision; removal
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| rhytidectomy (reye-tid-EC-tom-y) | removal of wrinkles; facelift
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| -rrhea | flow; discharge
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| seborrhea | increased dischargeof sebum from the sebaceous glands
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| steat/o | fat
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| steatoma (stee-ah-TOH-mah) | fatty tumor of the sebaceous glands
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| ungu/o | nail
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| periungual (per-ee-UNG-gwal) | pertaining to around the nail
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| peri- | around
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| derma- | skin
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| dermabrasion | scraping away of the top layer of skin using sandpaper or wire brushes to remove tattoos or disfigured skin
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| dermis; -derma | skin
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| epidermis | abover the dermis
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| erythroderma (er-rith-roh-DER-mah) | redness of the skin
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| erythr/o | red
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| leukoderma (loo-koh-DER-mah) | lack of pigmentation of the skin showing up as white patches; vitiligo
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| pyoderma | any pus-producing disease of the skin
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| scleroderma | abnormal thickening of the dermis, usually starting in the hands & feet
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| scler/o | hardening
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| xer/o | dry
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| xeroderma | dry skin of a chronic (continuous) nature
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| aden/o | gland
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| adenoma (ad-eh-NOH-mah) | glandular tumor
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| carcin/o | cancerous
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| carcinoma (kar-sih-NOH-mah) | malignant tumor of epithelial cells
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| basal cell carcinoma | malignant tumor that is most common & least harmful type of skin cancer usually caused by overexposure to the sun
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| squamous cell carcinoma | malignant tumor that is more harmful & has a faster growing rate & tendency to metastasize to other body systems
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| hem/o | blood
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| angi/o | vessel
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| hemangioma (heh-man-jee-OH-mah) | common, benign tumor of blood vessels most often seen in chidren or infants (birthmarks or nevi)
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| melanoma | tumor arising from the melanocytes; usually malignant
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| papill/o | nipple-like
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| papilloma (pap-ih-LOH-mah) | benign epithelial tumor
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| -therapy | treatment
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| cryotheraphy | destruction of tissue by freezing w/liquid nitrogen
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| laser | intense beam of light
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| laser therapy | removal of skin lesions such as papillomas & hemangiomas, using an intense beam of light
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| bx | biopsy
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| SC; subq; subcut | subcutaneous
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| UV | ultraviolet
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| derm | dermatology
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