Medical Terminology
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| aden/o | gland
adenoma-tumor of a gland; the suffix -oma means tumor or mass
adenitis-the suffix -itis means inflammation
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| arthr/o | arthritis
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| bi/o | biology- The suffix -ogy is composed of the root log (study) and the final suffix -y (process of condition)
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| carcin/o | cancerous, cancer
carcinoma- A carcinoma is a cancerous tumor. Carcinomas grow from the epithelial (surface or skin) cells that cover the outside of the body and line organs, cavities, and tubes within the body.
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| cardi/o | cardiology
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| cephal/o | head
cephalic-the suffix -ic means pertaining to. A cephalic presentation describes a "head first" position for the delivery of an infant.
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| cerebr/o | cerebrum (largest part of the brain) The suffix -al means pertaining to.
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| cis/o | to cut
excision - the prefix ex- means out.
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| crin/o | to secrete (to form and give off)
The prefix endo-means within; endocrine glands (e.g., thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands) secrete hormones directly within (into) the bloodstream.
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| cyst/o | urinary bladder; a sac or a cyst (sac containing fluid)
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| cyt/o | cell
cytology
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| derm/o | skin
dermatitis
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| dermat/o | skin
hypodermic- the prefix hypo- means under or below
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| electr/o | electricity
electrocardiogram-The suffix -gram means record. Abbreviated
ECG (or sometimes EKG)
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| encephal/o | brain
electroencephalogram-abbreviated EEG
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| enter/o | intestines (usually the small intestine)
enteritis-The small intestine is narrower but much longer than the large intestine (colon).
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| erythr/o | red
erythrocyte-The suffix -cyte means cell. Erythrocytes carry oxygen in the blood.
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| gastr/o | stomach
gastrectomy-The suffix -ectomy means excision or removal. all or, more commonly, part of the stomach is removed.
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| glyc/o | sugar
hyperglycemia- The prefix hyper- means excessive, above, or more than normal. The suffix -emia means blood condition
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| gnos/o | knowledge
diagnosis-The prefix dia- means complete. The suffix -sis means state or condition of . Literally, it is a "state of complete knowledge."
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| gynec/o | woman, female
gynecology
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| hemat/o | blood
hematology
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| hem/o | blood
hematoma-In this term, -oma means a mass or collection of blood, rather than a growth or cells (tumor) a hematoma forms when blood escapes from blood vessels and collects as a clot in a cavity or organ or under skin.
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| hepat/o | liver
hepatitis
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| iatr/o | treatment, physician
iatrogenic-The suffix -genic means pertaining to producing, produced by, or produced in. Iatrogenic conditions are adverse effects that result from treatment or intervention by a physician
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| leuk/o | white
leukocyte
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| log/o | study of
dermatology
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| nephr/o | kidney
nephritis
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| neur/o | nerve
neurology
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| onc/o | tumor
oncology
oncologist-The suffix -ist means one who specializes in a field of medicine (or other profession)
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| ophthalm/o | eye
ophthalmoscope-The suffix -scope means an instrument for visual examination. (To help with spelling, notice that just as there are two eyes, there are two "h"s in this term.)
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| oste/o | bone
osteoarthritis-This condition of aging is actually a degeneration of bones and joints often accompanied by inflammation.
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| path/o | disease
pathology
pathologist-A pathologist examines biopsy samples microscopically and examines dead bodies to determine the cause of death.
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| ped/o | child
pediatric-Notice that ped/o is also in the term orthopedist. Orthopedists once were doctors who straightened (orth/o means straight) children's bones and corrected deformities.
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| psych/o | mind
psychology
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| radi/o | x-rays
radiology-low energy x-rays are used for diagnostic imaging.
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| ren/o | kidney
renal-reno (latin) and nephr/o (Greek)mean kidney.
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| rhin/o | nose
rhinitis
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| sarc/o | flesh
sarcoma-This is a cancerous (malignant) tumor
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| sect/o | to cut
resection-The prefix re- means back. A resection is a cutting back in the sense of cutting out or removal (excision). a gastric resection is a gastrectomy, or excision of the stomach.
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| thromb/o | clot, clotting
thrombocyte-Also known as platelets, these cells help clot blood. A thrombus is the actual clot that forms, and thrombosis (-osis means condition) is the condition of clot formation.
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| ur/o | urinary tract, urine
urology-urologist is surgeon who operates on the organs of the urinary tract and the organs of the male reproductive system.
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