Medieval Europe
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| What signals the beginning of the Middle Ages? | fall of the Western Roman Empire
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| Who invaded and caused the fall of the Western Roman Empire? | Germanic tribes
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| What title was Charles I given after he aided Pope Leo III? | Holy Roman Emperor
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| Monks in the Middle Ages spent their days doing what three things? | working the land, praying, and copying texts
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| What system was created to protect people in Europe from invaders during the Middle Ages? | feudalism
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| powerful, rich man who owns land | lord
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| someone who manages a chunk of land for a lord and pledges his military service to the lord | vassal
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| a peasant who is tied to the land (but not a slave) | serf
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| What groups moved north into the British Isles? | Angles and Saxons
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| What group moved from Central Asia into Hungary? | Magyars
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| men who lived in monasteries | monks
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| Frankish leader who defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours (real name) | Charles Martel
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| advisor of the pope | cardinal
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| head of a local parish | parish priest
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| done by priests: marriage, last rites | sacraments
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| head of the archdiocese | archbishop
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| head of a smaller diocese | bishop
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| Charlemagne's name before he was crowned Holy Roman Emperor | Charles I
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| the land granted to a vassal from a lord | fief
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| Frankish king who converted to Christianity and allied himself with the pope | Clovis
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| the lord's estate | manor
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| Pope who crowned Charles I | Leo III
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| Where did the Vikings come from? | Scandinavia
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| Charles Martel's nickname | Charles the Hammer
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| Books illustrated by monks | Illuminated Texts
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| geographic area with Catholic churches | diocese
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| the area the Franks invaded was formerly known as this | Gaul
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| Charles I's name after he was crowned by Pope Leo III | Charlemagne
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| The name of the empire that Charlemagne ruled | Holy Roman Empire
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| The treaty that divided the Holy Roman Empire into three parts | Treaty of Verdun
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| What does Charlemagne mean/translate to in English? | Charles the Great
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| What is the Latin name for Charlemagne? | Carolus Magnus
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| What decimated the population of much of Asia and then Europe? | Black Death (Bubonic Plague)
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| How did the Black Death spread? | fleas (on rats)
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| How many people died in Europe from the Black Death between 1347 and 1352? | 25 million
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| The Black Death caused what system to end? | feudalism
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