Most Common
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| Tumor arising from bone in adults | Osteosarcoma
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| Adrenal Medullary Tumor – Adults | Pheochromocytoma: 5 P’s: Pressure; Pain (Headache); Perspiration; Palpitations; Pallor/Diaphoresis
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| Adrenal Medullary Tumor – Children | Neuroblastoma
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| Agent of severe viral encephalitis | Herpes simplex
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| Aggressive lung tumor | Small cell or oat cell
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| Associated with gallstones | Adenocarinoma
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| Bacterial Meningitis – adults | Strep pneumoniae & in young adults = Neisseria meningitidis
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| Bacterial Meningitis – elderly | Neisseria meningitidis
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| Bacterial Meningitis – newborns | E. coli / Group BStrep.
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| Bacterial Meningitis – toddlers | Hib
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| Benign epithelial tumor of oral mucosa | Papilloma
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| Benign fallopian tube tumor | Adenomatoid
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| Benign ovarian tumor | Mature(Native) Teratoma = benign dermatoid
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| Benign tumor of soft tissue | Lipoma
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| Benign tumor of the breast <25yoa | Fibroadenoma
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| Benign tumor of the liver | Hemangioma
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| Benign tumor of the vulva | Hidroadenoma
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| Benign uterine tumor | Leiomyoma: estrogen sinsitive: changes size during pregnancy & menopause
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| Bone Tumors | Metasteses from Breast & Prostate
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| Brain Tumor – Child | Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
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| Brain Tumor –Adult | Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme) then: mets, meningioma, Schwannoma
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| Breast Carcinoma | Invasive Duct Carcinoma
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| Breast Mass | Fibrocystic Change: premenopausic women (Carcinoma is the most common in post-menopausal women)
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| Bug in Acute Endocarditis | Staph aureus
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| Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt | Klebsiella
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| Bug in Epiglottitis | Hib
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| Bug in GI Tract | Bacteroides (2nd – E. coli)
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| Bug in IV drug user bacteremia / pneumonia | Staph aureus
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| Bug in PID | N. Gonnorrhoeae
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| Bug in Subacute Endocarditis | Strep Viridans
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| CA of urinary collecting system | Transitional cell CA (assoc. w/ benzidine; naphthylamine; analine dyes; long term txt w/ cyclophosphamide)
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| Cardiac 1ry Tumor – Adults | Myxoma: “Ball Valve”
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| Cardiac 1ry Tumor – Child | Rhabdomyoma – associated w/ Tuberous sclerosis
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| Cardiac Tumor – Adults | Metasteses
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| Cardiomyopathy | Dilated (Congestive) Cardiomyopathy: Alcohol, BeriBeri, Cocaine use, Coxsackie B, Doxorubicin; Systolic Dysfunction
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| Cause of 2ry HTN | Renal Disease
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| Cause of Addison’s | Autoimmune (2nd – infection)
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| Cause of breast lumps | CA of the breast
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| Cause of chronic endometriosis | TB
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| Cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency: NaCl lost & Hypotension (then, 11- NaCl retention & HTN)
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| Cause of Cushings | Exogenous Steroid Therapy (then, 1ry ACTH, Adrenal Adenoma, Ectopic ACTH)
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| Cause of Death in Alzheimer pts | Pneumonia
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| Cause of Death in Diabetics | MI
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| Cause of Death in premature | NRDS = hyaline membrane disease
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| Cause of Death in SLE pts. | Lupus Nephropathy Type IV (Diffuse Proliferative) = Renal Disease
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| Cause of Dementia | Alzheimer’s
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| Cause of Dementia (2nd most common) | Multi-Infarct Dementia
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| Cause of Dwarfism | Achondroplasia
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| Cause of Food poisoning | Staph aureus
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| Cause of Hematosalpynga | Ectopic pregnancy
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| Cause of Hypoparathyroidism | Throidectomy
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| Cause of Hypothyroidism | Corrective surgery I31 treatment
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| Cause of Kidney infections | E. coli
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| Cause of Liver disease in US | Alcohol consumption
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| Cause of Malignancy in children | Acute leukemia
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| Cause of Mental retardation | Down’s
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| Cause of Mental retardation (2nd most common) | Fragile X
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| Cause of NaCl loss and Hypotension | 21 hydroxylase deficiency
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| Cause of PID | N. ghonorrhea
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| Cause of Portal cirrhosis | Alcohol
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| Cause of Preventable Blindness | Chlamydia (serotypes A,B,Ba,C)
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| Cause of Pulmonary HTN | COPD
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| Cause of Secondary Hypertension | Renal disease
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| Cause of SIADH | Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
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| Cause of UT Obstruction in men | BPHyperplasia
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| Cause Pernicious Anemia | Chronic atrophic gastritis = no production of intrinsic factor
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| Chromosomal Disorder | Down’s
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| Common Tumor of the Appendix | Carcinoid tumor: flushing; diarrhea; bronchospasm; RHeart valvular lesions; Txt: Methysergide (5HT antagonist)
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| Congenital Cardiac Anomaly | VSD (membranous > muscular)
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| Congenital Early Cyanosis | Tetralogy of Fallot =right to left shunt
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| Coronary Artery Thrombosis | LAD artery: MI
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| Demyelinating Disease | Multiple Sclerosis: (Charcot Triad = nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech); Periventricular plaques w/ (+) Oligodenrocytes; (+) IgG in CSF, Optic Neuritis, MLF Syndorme = Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia, bladder incontinence
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| Dental Tumor | Odontoma
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| Dietary Deficiency | Iron
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| Disease of the Breast | Fibrocystic disease
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| Disseminated Opportunistic Infection in AIDS | CMV (Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall)
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| Esophageal Cancer | SCCA
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| Fallopian Tube Malignancy | AdenoCA
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| Fatal Genetic Defect in Caucasians | Cystic Fibrosis (chromosome 7q)
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| Female Tumor | Leimyoma
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| Form of Amyloidosis | Immunologic (Bence Jones protein in multiple myeloma is also called the Amyloid Light Chain)
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| Form of Tularemia | Ulceroglandular
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| Germ Cell Tumor of Testes | Seminoma (analogous to dysgerminoma of ovaries)
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| Gynecological Malignancy | Endometrial Carcinoma
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| Gynecological Finding | Endometrial CA
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| Heart Murmur | Mitral Valve Prolapse
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| Heart Valve in Bacterial Endocarditis | Mitral
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| Heart Valve in Bacterial Endocarditis in IV drug users | Tricuspid
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| Heart Valve involved in Rheumatic Fever | Mitral then Aortic
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| Hereditary Bleeding Disorder | Von Willebrand’s Disease
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| Hormone secreted in Pituitary Adenoma | Prolactin
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| Inherited disease of the Kidney | Adult polycystic kidney disease: associated w/ polycystic liver, Berry aneurysms, Mitral prolapse; APD1 – chromosome 16
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| Intracranial tumor in adults | Glioblastoma mulitforme
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| Islet Tumor | Insulinoma = cell tumor
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| Liver 1ry Tumor | Hepatoma
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| Liver Disease | Alcoholic Liver Disease
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| Location of Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas | Head (99%)
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| Location of Adult Brain Tumors | Above Tentorium
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| Location of Childhood Brain Tumors | Below Tentorium
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| Lung Tumor, malignant or benign | Malignant
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| Lung Tumor, primary or secondary | Secondary
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| Lysosomal Storage Disease | Gaucher’s
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| Malignancy in Women | Lung (2nd breast)
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| Malignancy of the Larynx | Glottic CA (squamous cell)
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| Malignancy of the Small Intestine | Adenocarcinoma
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| Malignancy Vulva | Squamous cell CA
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| Malignant Eye Tumor in Kids | Retinoblastoma
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| Malignant Tumor of the Liver | Hepatocellular CA
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| Motor Neuron Disease | ALS
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| Muscular Dystrophy | Duchenne’s: Dystrophin deletion. Presents <5yoa weakness at pelvic girdles w/ upward progression
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| Nasal Tumor | Squamous cell CA
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| Neoplasm – Child | Leukemia
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| Neoplasm – Child (2nd most common) | Medulloblastoma of brain (cerebellum)
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| Neoplasm of the West | Adeno CA of the rectum and/or colon
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| Neoplastic Polyp | Tubular adenoma
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| Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults | Membranous Glomerulonephritis
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| Nephrotic Syndrome in Children | Minimal Change (Lipoid Nephrosis) Disease (responds well to steroid txt)
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| Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma | Follicular small clear cell
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| Number of Deaths per year in Women | Lung CA
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| Skin tumor | Basal cell CA
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| Opportunistic infection in AIDS | PCP
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| Ovarian Malignancy | Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
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| Ovarian Tumor | Hamartoma
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| Pancreatic Tumor | Adeno (usually in the head)
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| Patient with ALL / CLL / AML / CML | ALL – Child / CLL – Adult over 60 / AML - Adult over 60 / CML – Adult 35-50
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| Patient with Goodpasture’s | Young male
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| Patient with Reiter’s | Male
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| Pituitary Tumor | Prolactinoma (2nd – Somatotropic “Acidophilic” Adenoma)
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| Place for Primary Squamous Cell CA of esophagus | Mid 1/3
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| Place for Peptic Ulcer Disease | Lesser curvuture in antrum – associated w/ blood group O
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| Primary Benign Salivary Tumor | Pleomorphic Adenoma (Mixed) – 90% localized to the parotid
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| Primary Hyperparathyroidism | Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma)
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| Primary Malignancy of Bone | Osteosarcoma
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| Primary Malignancy of Small Intestine | Lymphoma
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| Pt. with Hodgkin’s | Young Male (except Nodular Sclerosis type – Female)
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| Pt. with Minimal Change Disease | Young Child
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| Renal Malignancy | Renal cell CA
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| Renal Malignancy of Early Childhood | Wilm’s tumor (neohroblastoma) – chromosome 11p
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| Salivary Tumor | Pleomorphic adenoma
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| Secondary Hyperparathyroidism | Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure
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| Sexually Transmitted Disease | Chlamydia (sero types D-K)
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| Site of Diverticula | Sigmoid Colon
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| Site of Embolic Occlusion | Middle cerebral aa: contralateral paralysis; aphasias; motor & sensory loss
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| Site of Metastasis | Regional Lymph Nodes
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| Site of Metastasis (2nd most common) | Liver
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| Sites of Atherosclerosis | Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid
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| Skin CA of Fair Skinned People | Malignant melanoma
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| Skin Cancer | Basal Cell Carcinoma
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| Small Intestine Congenital Anomaly | Meckel’s diverticulum
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| Stomach Cancer | Adeno – associated w/ blood group A
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| Testicular Tumor | Seminoma = malignant painless testes growth
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| Thyroid Anomaly | Thryoglossal duct cyst
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| Thyroid CA | Papillary CA
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| Tracheoesophageal Fistula | Lower esophagus joins trachea / upper esophagus – blind pouch – polyhydramnios association
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| Tumor in men <20 | Germ cell tumor
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| Tumor of Infancy | Benign vascular tumor = port wine stain = Hemangioma
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| Tumor of the Stomach > 50 years old | CA of stomach (adenoCA)
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| Type of Hodgkin’s | Mixed Cellularity (versus: lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion, nodular sclerosis)
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| Type of Non-Hodgkin’s | Follicular, small cleaved
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| Type of Portal Cirrhosis | Micronodular
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| Type of Soft Tissue Tumor of Childhood | Rhabdomyosarcoma
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| Vasculitis (of medium & small arteries) | Temporal Arteritis (branch of Carotid Artery)
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| Viral Encephalitis | HSV
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| Worm Infection in US | Pinworm (2nd – Ascaris)
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| Worst Prognosis in Thyroid Cas | Follicular CA
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| Cause of Lobar Pneumonia | Strep. Pneumoniae
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| Cause of Death b/t 24-44 yoa | AIDS
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| Cause of Pneumonia in Cystic Fibrosis | Pseudomonas
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| Cause of Osteomyelitis in IV Drug Users | Pseudomonas
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| Cause of Infection in Burn Pts | Pseudomonas
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| Mental Problem in Males | Specific phobia
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| Intelligence Test | Stanford Binet (ages 6 & under); WIPSI (ages 4-6); WISK-R (for ages 6-17); WAIS-R (for > 17 year old)
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| Paraphilia | Pedophilia
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| Metabolite seen w/ Pheochromocytoma | VMA: vanillylmandelic acid (NE metabolite)
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| Severe Shigella | Dysenteriae
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| Bug in Otitis Media & Sinusitis in Kids | Strep. Pneumoniae
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| Cause of a Solitary Brain Abscess | A. Israelli
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| Cause of Bacterial Diarrhea in U.S. | Campylobacter jejuni
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| Shigella Type | S. Sonnei
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| Cause of Non-Ghonococcal Urethritis | Chlamydia trichomonas
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| Pneumonia | Strep. Pneumoniae
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| Urethritis | N. ghonorrhea
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| Cause of Glomerulonephritis | IgA Nephropathy = Berger’s Disease
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| Cause of Viral Pneumonia | RSV – infants; Parainfluenza – kids; Influenza virus – adults; Adeno virus – military recruits
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| Complication of COPD | Pulmonary infections
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| Cause of Death w/ SLE | Renal failure
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| Atrial Septal Defect | Ostium Secundum Type
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| Warm Antibody | Most common form of immune hemolytic anemia; IgG auto antibodies to RBC; See spherocytosis; (+) Coombs’ test; complication to CLL
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| Immunodeficiency | IgA Deficiency
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| Congenital GIT Anomaly | Meckel’s Diverticulum: persistence of vitelline duct/yolk sac stalk
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| Cause of Congenital Malformation | Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
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Bijan39
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