Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password

Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.

Chapter 4; 5; & 9 Final

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Term
Definition
show -Provides support and shape to the body through a framework of bones and cartilage. -Stores calcium and other minerals. -Produces certain blood cells within the bone marrow.  
🗑
Functions of the muscles   show
🗑
Ankyl/o   show
🗑
Arthr/o, articul/o   show
🗑
Brachi/o   show
🗑
Cervic/o   show
🗑
Chondr/o   show
🗑
Cost/o   show
🗑
show skull  
🗑
Dactyl/o   show
🗑
show fiscia  
🗑
Femor/o   show
🗑
Fibr/o   show
🗑
Kyph/o   show
🗑
show smooth  
🗑
show bent  
🗑
Lumb/o   show
🗑
My/o, myos/o, muscul/o   show
🗑
show bone marrow or spinal cord  
🗑
Oste/o   show
🗑
Patell/o   show
🗑
show pelvis (basin) or hip bone  
🗑
Radi/o   show
🗑
Rhabd/o   show
🗑
show flesh  
🗑
show twist  
🗑
Spondyl/o, vetebr/o   show
🗑
Stern/o   show
🗑
Ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o   show
🗑
show chest  
🗑
show tone or tension  
🗑
Uln/o   show
🗑
Appendicular skeleton:   show
🗑
show -skull -vertebral column -chest -hyoid bone  
🗑
Bone   show
🗑
show tightly solid bone tissue that forms the exterior of bones  
🗑
Spongy bone/cancellous bone   show
🗑
show bones of arms and legs  
🗑
Short bones   show
🗑
Flat bones   show
🗑
Irregular bones   show
🗑
show round bones found near joints  
🗑
Epiphysis   show
🗑
show shaft of a long bone  
🗑
Metaphysis   show
🗑
show membrane lining the medullary cavity of the bone  
🗑
show cavity within the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow  
🗑
show soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones  
🗑
Red bone marrow   show
🗑
show gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones; functions as storage for fat tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells  
🗑
show a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone  
🗑
show a gristle like substance on bones where they articulate  
🗑
Articulation   show
🗑
show a fibrous sac between certain tendons and bones that is lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid  
🗑
Disk or disc   show
🗑
Nucleus pulposus   show
🗑
Ligament   show
🗑
show membrane lining the capsule of a joint  
🗑
Synovial fluid   show
🗑
Origin of a muscle   show
🗑
Insertion of a muscle   show
🗑
show a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone  
🗑
Fascia   show
🗑
show a term of reference that health professionals used when noting body planes, positions or directions; the person is assumed to be standing upright (erect), facing forward, feet pointed forward and slightly apart, with arms at the sides and palms facing fo  
🗑
show reference planes for indicating the location or direction of body parts  
🗑
Coronal or frontal plane   show
🗑
show vertical division of the body into right and left portions  
🗑
Transverse plane   show
🗑
show front of the body  
🗑
show back of the body  
🗑
Anterior-posterior   show
🗑
show from back to front as a reference  
🗑
show situated above another structure toward the head  
🗑
show situated below another structure away from the head  
🗑
show towards the beginning or origin of a structure. for example, the proximal aspect of the femur (thigh bone) is the area closest to where it attaches at the hip at the end of the bone near the knee  
🗑
show away from the beginning or origin of a structure: for example the distal aspect of the femur is  
🗑
Medial   show
🗑
show towards the side  
🗑
Axis   show
🗑
Erect   show
🗑
Decubitus   show
🗑
show lying face down and flat  
🗑
Recumbent   show
🗑
show recumbent; lying flat on the back “supine on your spine” horizontal  
🗑
show bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased  
🗑
show straightening at the joint so that the angle of the bones is increased  
🗑
Abduction   show
🗑
Adduction   show
🗑
Eversion   show
🗑
Inversion   show
🗑
Supination   show
🗑
show bending of the foot or the toes upward  
🗑
show bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes towards the ground  
🗑
show circular movement around an axis  
🗑
show total motion possible in a joint, described by the terms related to body movements (inability to flex, extend, abduct or adduct) measured in degrees  
🗑
show instrument used to measure joint angles  
🗑
show joint pain  
🗑
show shrinking of muscle size  
🗑
show grating sounds sometimes made by the movement of the joint or broken bones  
🗑
show a projection arising from a bone that develops from cartilage  
🗑
Flaccid   show
🗑
Hypertrophy   show
🗑
Hypotonia   show
🗑
Myalgia/myodynia   show
🗑
show bone pain  
🗑
Rigor/rigidity   show
🗑
show drawing in; involuntary contraction of muscle  
🗑
show uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles, causing stiff and awkward movements  
🗑
show tension; prolonged, contiguous muscle contractions  
🗑
Tremor   show
🗑
show inflammation of the joint characterized by pain, swelling, redness, warmth and limitations of motion; there are more than 100 different types of arthritis  
🗑
show most common form of arthritis especially affecting the weight-bearing joints (knee or hip) characterized by the erosion of articular cartilage  
🗑
show most crippling form of arthritis; systemic inflammation, most often affecting joints and synovial membranes (especially in the hands and feet) causing ankylosis and deformity  
🗑
show acute attacks of arthritis, usually in a single joint (especially in the great toe) caused by hyperuricemia (excessive amount of uric acid in the blood)  
🗑
Ankylosis   show
🗑
show bone tissue that has died from loss of blood supply, such as occurring after a fracture  
🗑
show swelling of the joint at the base of the great toe caused by inflammation of the bursa  
🗑
show inflammation of the bursa  
🗑
show softening of the cartilage  
🗑
Epiphysitis   show
🗑
show protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intervertebral disk so that it causes compression on the nerve root  
🗑
show bone marrow tumor  
🗑
show muscle inflammation  
🗑
Fracture (FX)   show
🗑
Closed fx   show
🗑
Open fx   show
🗑
show non-displaced fx with one fracture line that does not require extensive treatment to repair (hair line, stress or crack)  
🗑
show displaced fx that requires manipulation or surgery to repair  
🗑
show the line of the break in the bone  
🗑
show broken in many small pieces  
🗑
show bending and incomplete break of a bone; most often seen in children  
🗑
show muscle tumor  
🗑
Leiomyoma   show
🗑
Leiomyosarcoma   show
🗑
Rhabdomyoma   show
🗑
show malignant skeletal muscle tumor  
🗑
Osteoma   show
🗑
Osteosarcoma   show
🗑
Osteomalacia   show
🗑
show osteomalacia in children causes bone deformity  
🗑
show infection of bone and bone marrow, causing inflammation  
🗑
show condition of decreased bone density and increased porosity, causing bone to become brittle and to fracture more easily  
🗑
Spinal curvatures   show
🗑
Kyphosis   show
🗑
show abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (bent-back)  
🗑
Scoliosis   show
🗑
show forward slipping of the lumbar vertebra  
🗑
show stiff, immobile condition of vertebrae caused by joint degeneration  
🗑
show injury to a ligament caused by joint trauma but without joint dislocation or fracture  
🗑
show partial dislocation  
🗑
show inflammation of the tendon  
🗑
Electromyogram   show
🗑
Bone scan   show
🗑
show all used to diagnosis a variety of musculoskeletal fractures and other bone disorders  
🗑
show a radiograph of a joint taken after the injection of a contrast medium  
🗑
Amputation   show
🗑
Arthrocentesis   show
🗑
Arthrodesis   show
🗑
Arthroscopy   show
🗑
AKA   show
🗑
show below the knee  
🗑
Bone graft   show
🗑
show excision of the bursa  
🗑
Myoplasty   show
🗑
Osteoplasty   show
🗑
Osteotomy   show
🗑
show a tendon by incision to repair a deformity caused by shortening of a muscle  
🗑
Open Reduction, Internal Fixation of a fracture (ORIF)   show
🗑
show external manipulation of a fracture to regain alignment along with application of an external device to protect and hold the bone in place for healing (closed reduction, percutaneous fixation of a fracture)  
🗑
show use of an orthopedic application to maintain a bones position or to provide limb support, such as a brace  
🗑
show treatment to rehabilitate patients disables by an illness or injury; involves many different modalities, such as exercise, hydrotherapy, diathermy and ultrasound  
🗑
Prosthesis   show
🗑
Analgesic   show
🗑
show a drug that reduces inflammation  
🗑
show a drug that relieves fever  
🗑
show a group of drugs with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties such as Tylenol or Ibuprofen, commonly used to treat arthritis  
🗑
show a potent analgesic with addictive properties  
🗑
show Muscular organ Hollow interior Pumps blood throughout the body Four chambers Two upper chambers Two lower chambers  
🗑
cardiovascular system   show
🗑
show The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. The heart consists of four chambers; R & L atrium (upper chambers) and the R & L ventricles (lower cambers) The heart is divided into right and left portions by the interatrial septum  
🗑
Cardiovascular System Cont....   show
🗑
Circulation through the Heart   show
🗑
show Oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins into the left atrium With atrial contraction, the mitral (or bicuspid) valve opens to allow blood flow into the left ventricle Contraction of the left ventricle pushes blood through the aorti  
🗑
Angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o   show
🗑
Aort/o   show
🗑
Arteri/o   show
🗑
Ather/o   show
🗑
Atri/o   show
🗑
show heart  
🗑
show crown or circle  
🗑
show muscle  
🗑
Pector/o, seth/o   show
🗑
show pulse  
🗑
Thromb/o   show
🗑
Ven/o, phleb/o   show
🗑
show twisted swollen vein  
🗑
Ventricul/o   show
🗑
4 Chambers of the heart   show
🗑
show the heart separated into right and left portions  
🗑
Interatrial septum   show
🗑
show separates the ventricles  
🗑
show membrane that lines the interior cavities of the heart  
🗑
show thick, muscular layer  
🗑
show outer membrane  
🗑
show the loose, protective sac that surrounds and encloses the heart  
🗑
Atrium   show
🗑
Endocardium   show
🗑
show membrane forming the outer layer of the heart  
🗑
Interatrial septum   show
🗑
Interventricular septum   show
🗑
Myocardium   show
🗑
Ventricle   show
🗑
Pericardium   show
🗑
Visceral pericardium   show
🗑
Parietal pericardium   show
🗑
Pericardial cavity   show
🗑
Heart Valves   show
🗑
show located between right atrium and right ventricle  
🗑
mitral (bicuspid) valve   show
🗑
show opening from right ventricle to pulmonary artery  
🗑
aortic valve   show
🗑
show vessels that carry blood from the heart to the arterioles  
🗑
show large artery branching from the left ventricle  
🗑
arterioles   show
🗑
show tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules  
🗑
show small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins  
🗑
show vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules  
🗑
show circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle  
🗑
Pulmonary circulation   show
🗑
show Circulation of blood throughout the body via arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues  
🗑
Blood Pressure   show
🗑
Diastole   show
🗑
Systole   show
🗑
show normal blood pressure  
🗑
hypotension   show
🗑
show high blood pressure  
🗑
Cardiac conduction   show
🗑
show the pacemaker of the heart; highly specialized, neurological tissue impeded in the wall of the R atrium; responsible for the initiating the electrical conduction of the heartbeat, causing the atria to contract and firing conduction of impulses to the AV n  
🗑
show neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His  
🗑
Bundle of His   show
🗑
Purkinji fibers   show
🗑
show resting state of the myocardial cell  
🗑
show change of a myocardial cell  
🗑
show recharging of the myocardial cell  
🗑
show regular rhythm of the heart cycle stimulation by the SA node (average rate of 60-100 beats per minute)  
🗑
show a widening; a bulging of the wall of the heart. Aorta or artery caused by a congenital defect or acquired weakness  
🗑
show a sac like bulge on one side  
🗑
show a spindle – shape bulge  
🗑
Dissecting   show
🗑
Angina pectoris   show
🗑
show thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification (hardening) of arterial walls  
🗑
Claudication   show
🗑
Constriction   show
🗑
Diaphoresis   show
🗑
Atherosclerosis   show
🗑
Atheromatous plaque   show
🗑
show a clot  
🗑
Heart murmur   show
🗑
show a localized area of necrosis caused by ischemia resulting from occlusion in a blood vessel  
🗑
show plugging; an obstruction or a closing off  
🗑
Ischemia   show
🗑
show lack of flow through a blood vessel caused by narrowing  
🗑
show subjective experience of pounding, skipping or racing heartbeats  
🗑
Stenosis   show
🗑
Thrombus   show
🗑
show an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve, generally as a result of infection  
🗑
show signs and symptoms indicating an active process of atherosclerotic plaque buildup or formation of a thrombus, or spasm within a coronary artery, causing a reduction or loss of blood flow to myocardial tissue; includes unstable angina and other pathologica  
🗑
dysrhythmia   show
🗑
show slow heart beat less then 60  
🗑
show fast heart beat greater than 100  
🗑
Fibrillation   show
🗑
show ventricular contraction preceding the normal contraction  
🗑
show a bacterial inflammation that affects the endocardium or the heart valves  
🗑
show a general term for disease of the heart muscle, such as alcoholic cardiomyopathy (damage to the heart caused by excessive ETOH abuse)  
🗑
Coronary artery disease (CAD)   show
🗑
Congenital anomaly of the heart   show
🗑
Atrial septal defect (ASD)   show
🗑
Coarctation of the aorta   show
🗑
Patent ductus arteriosus   show
🗑
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)   show
🗑
show failure of the left ventricle to pump an adequate amount of blood to meet the demands of the body, resulting in a bottleneck of congestion in the lungs that may extend to the veins, causing edema in the lower portions of the body  
🗑
Cor pulmonale   show
🗑
Hypertension (HTN)   show
🗑
show high blood pressure attributed to no single cause; risks include smoking, obesity, increased salt intake, hypercholesterolemia, and hereditary factors  
🗑
Secondary HTN   show
🗑
show protrusion of one or both cusps of the mitral valve back into the left atrium during ventricular contraction, resulting in incomplete closure and backward flow of blood  
🗑
Myocardial infarction (MI)   show
🗑
Myocarditis   show
🗑
Pericarditis   show
🗑
Rheumatic heart disease   show
🗑
show the abrupt cessation of any cardiac output (CO), most commonly as the result of ventricular fibrillation; causes sudden death unless defibrillation is initiated immediately  
🗑
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)   show
🗑
Phlebitis   show
🗑
show inflammation of a vein clot  
🗑
Varicose vein   show
🗑
Auscultation   show
🗑
show abnormal heart sound that mimics the gait of a horse; related to abnormal ventricular contraction  
🗑
show an electrical picture of the heart  
🗑
show electrical picture of the heart while exercising  
🗑
show portable EKG worn by the patient over a 24 hour period  
🗑
show invasive procedure involving placement of catheter-guided electrodes within the heart to evaluate and map the electrical conduction of cardiac arrhythmias; ablation maybe performed at the same time to treat the abnormality  
🗑
show use of radiofrequency waves sent through a catheter within the heart to treat arrhythmias by selectively destroying myocardial tissue at sites that generate abnormal electrical pathways  
🗑
Nuclear medicine imaging   show
🗑
show use of specialized nuclear isotopes and computed tomographic techniques to produce perfusion (blood flow) images and to study the cellular metabolism of the heart  
🗑
Angiogram   show
🗑
Coronary   show
🗑
Arteriogram   show
🗑
show x-rays of the aorta  
🗑
Venogram   show
🗑
Cardiac catheterization   show
🗑
show x-ray imaging of the ventricular cavity and coronary arteries of the left side of the heart  
🗑
R heart catheterization   show
🗑
show x-ray image of the ventricles  
🗑
show measurement of the amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction  
🗑
show measurement of the amount of blood ejected per minute from either ventricle of the heart  
🗑
show measurement of the volume percentage of left ventricular contents ejected with each contraction  
🗑
Echo cardiogram   show
🗑
show echo done while person exercises  
🗑
Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)   show
🗑
show ultrasound technique used to evaluate blood flow to determine the presence of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or carotid insufficiency, or to determine blood flow through the chambers and valves  
🗑
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)   show
🗑
Endarterectomy   show
🗑
show surgery repair to replace a disease heart valve with an artificial valve these can be made of animal tissue or made from synthetic material  
🗑
show surgical repair of a heart valve  
🗑
show interventional procedures used to treat coronary artery disease (CAD) performed at the time of a cardiac catheterization in a specialized cath lab  
🗑
show a method for treating the narrowing of a coronary artery by inserting a specialized catheter with a balloon attachment, then inflating the balloon to dilate and open the narrowed portion of the vessel to restore blood flow to the myocardium; most often in  
🗑
Defibrillation   show
🗑
Defibrillator   show
🗑
Cardioversion   show
🗑
show an implantable, battery-operated device with rate-sensing leads: the device monitors cardiac impulses and initiates an electrical stimulus as needed to stop ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia  
🗑
show a device used to treat a slow heart rate (bradycardia) by electrically stimulating the heart to contract; most often, it is implanted with lead wires and battery circuitry under the skin, but can also be temporary and patient is paced transcutaneous  
🗑
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor   show
🗑
show drug that dilates coronary arteries, restoring oxygen to the heart tissue to relieve pain from angina  
🗑
show drug that counteracts cardia arrhythmia  
🗑
Anticoagulant   show
🗑
Antihypertensive   show
🗑
show an agent used to treat angina and hypertension  
🗑
show an agent used to prevent and treat angina and treat hypertension  
🗑
Cardiotonic   show
🗑
show drug that increases the secretion of urine; used to treat HTN  
🗑
Hypolipidemic   show
🗑
show drugs used to dissolve thrombi (often called clot busters)  
🗑
Vasoconstrictor   show
🗑
Vasodilator   show
🗑
Chapter 9: Endocrine System Endocrine   show
🗑
Aden/o   show
🗑
Adren/o, adrenal/o   show
🗑
show male  
🗑
show to secrete  
🗑
show thirst  
🗑
Gluc/o, glucose/o, glyc/o   show
🗑
show hormone  
🗑
show ketone bodies  
🗑
show pancereas  
🗑
Thym/o   show
🗑
Thyr/o, thyroid/o   show
🗑
Adrenal glands   show
🗑
show secretes steroid hormones which regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance  
🗑
show secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine  
🗑
Steroid hormones   show
🗑
Catecholamines   show
🗑
show located behind the stomach functions to secrete insulin and glucagon  
🗑
show located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck functions to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)  
🗑
Pineal gland   show
🗑
Pituitary gland   show
🗑
show Located on both sides within the scrotum in the male: secrete testosterone  
🗑
Thyroid gland   show
🗑
show located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to above the heart; secretes thymosin  
🗑
Glucosuria   show
🗑
show high blood sugar  
🗑
show low blood sugar  
🗑
Hyperkalemia   show
🗑
show deficient level of potassium in the blood k+  
🗑
Hypocalcemia   show
🗑
Hypercalcemia   show
🗑
show abnormally increased secretion  
🗑
show abnormally decreased secretion  
🗑
Polydipsia   show
🗑
Polyuria   show
🗑
show all chemical process in the body that result in growth, generation of energy, elimination of waste and other bodily function  
🗑
Ketosis   show
🗑
show a collection od signs and symptoms caused by an excessive level of cortisol hormone; may be due to excessive production by the adrenal gland  
🗑
show excessive output of the adrenal secretion of androgen (male sex hormone) in adult women caused by a tumor or hyperplasia  
🗑
show Symptoms in girls may include masculization of sex organs, low voice acne, amenorrhea and masculine hair distribution and muscle growth  
🗑
Diabetes Mellitis (DM)   show
🗑
Type 1 diabetes   show
🗑
show diabetes caused by where the body produces insufficient insulin or insulin resistance (a defective use of insulin) the patient is not normally dependent on insulin for survival  
🗑
show hypersecretion of the parathyroid glands, usually caused by a tumor  
🗑
Hyperparathyroidism symptom   show
🗑
Hypoparathyroidism   show
🗑
Hypoparathyroidism symptom   show
🗑
show disease characterized by enlarged features, especially of the face and hands caused by hypersecretion of the pituitary gland  
🗑
show a condition of congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone that slows growth and causes short, yet proportionate stature  
🗑
Pituitary gigantism   show
🗑
Goiter   show
🗑
Hyperthyroidism   show
🗑
Hypothyroid   show
🗑
show protrusion of one or both eyeballs, often because of thyroid dysfunction or a tumor  
🗑
Blood sugar   show
🗑
show fasting blood sugar ( no food/fluid intake for 12 hours)  
🗑
show measurement of blood sugar after eating  
🗑
Glycohemaglobin   show
🗑
Glucose tolerance test   show
🗑
show chemistry panel measuring potassium, calcium, chloride, sodium & CO2  
🗑
Thyroid function study   show
🗑
Urine sugar & ketone study   show
🗑
CT   show
🗑
MRI   show
🗑
Sonogram   show
🗑
show excision of the adrenal gland  
🗑
Hypophysectomy   show
🗑
Pancreatectomy   show
🗑
Parathyroidectomy   show
🗑
show excision of the thymus gland  
🗑
show excision of the thryroid  
🗑
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII)   show
🗑
Radioiodine therapy   show
🗑
Antidiabetic medication   show
🗑
Antithyroid drug   show
🗑
show treatment with a hormone to correct a hormonal deficiency  
🗑
Antihyperglycemic drug   show
🗑


   

Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
 
To hide a column, click on the column name.
 
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
 
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
 
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.

 
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how
Created by: Rodney C
Popular Medical sets