Male Reproductive System: Pronunciation of Terms
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| Bulbourethral Glands | Pair of exocrine glands near male urethra. Secrete fluid into urethra. AKA Cowper Glands
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| Ejaculation | Ejection of sperm and fluid from male urethra
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| Ejaculatory Duct | Tube through which semen enters male urethra
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| Epididymis (plural: epididymides) | One of a pair long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis. Stores and carries sperm from seminiferous tubules to vas deferens
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| Erectile Dysfunction | Inability of adult male to achieve an erection; impotence
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| Flagellum | Hair-like projection on sperm cell that makes it motile
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| Fraternal twins | Two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells
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| Glans Penis | Sensitive tip of penis; comparable to clitoris in female
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| Identical Twins | Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. Conjoined twins are incompletely separated identical twins
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| Interstitial cells of the testes | Specialized cells that lie adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in testes. Produce testosterone. AKA Leydig Cells
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| Parenchymal tissue | Essential distinctive cells of an organ. In testis, seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are parenchymal
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| Penis | Male external organ or reproduction
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| Perineum | External region between anus and scrotum in male
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| Prepuce | Foreskin, fold of skin covering tip of penis
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| Prostate Gland | Exocrine gland at base of male urinary bladder. Secretes fluid that contributes to semen during ejaculation.
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| Scrotum | External sac that contains the testes
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| Semen | Spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions) discharged from urethra during ejaculation
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| Seminal Vesicles | Paired sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid (major component of semen) into vas deferens
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| Seminiferous Tubules | Narrow coiled tubules that produce sperm in testes
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| Spermatozoon (plural: spermatozoa) | Sperm cell
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| Sterilization | Procedure that removes a person's ability to produce or release reproductive cells; removal of testicles, vasectomy, and oophorectomy are sterilization procedures
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| Stromal Tissue | Supportive, connective tissue of an organ, distinguished from its parenchyma. AKA stroma
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| Testies (plural: testes) | Male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone.
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| Testosterone | Hormone secreted by interstitial tissue of testes; responsible for male sex characteristics
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| Vas Deferens | Narrow tube (one on each side) carrying sperm from epididymis toward urethra. AKA ductus deferens
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| Carcinoma of the Testes (tesicular cancer) | Malignant tumor of testicles.
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| Cryptorchidism; Cryptorchism | Undescended testicles
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| Hydrocele | Sac of clear fluid in scrotum
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| Testicular Torsion | Twisting of the spermatic cord
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| Varicocele | Englarged, dilated veins near testicle
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| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) | Benign growth of cells within the prostate gland
-TURP relieves obstruction
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| Carcinoma of the Prostate (prostate cancer) | Malignant tumor of the prostate gland
-Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) detect tumor at later stage
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| Hypospadias | Congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of its tip
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| Phimosis | Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis
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| Chlamydial Infection | Bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract
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| Gonorrhea | Inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria)
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| Herpes Genitalis | Infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV)
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| Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection | Infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the HPV
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| Syphilis | Chronic STI caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium)
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| PSA test | Measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood
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| Semen Analysis | Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid
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| Castration | Surgical excision of testicles or ovaries
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| Circumsicion | Surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis
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| Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) | Finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland
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| Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate (GreenLight PVP) | Removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP)
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| Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) | Excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through urethra
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| Vasectomy | Bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens
-Ligation (tying and binding off)
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| Androgen | Testosterone; testes in males and adrenal glands in me/women produce androgens
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| Aspermia | Lack of semen (sperm and fluid)
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| Azoospermia | Lack of spermatozoa in the semen
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| Balanitis | Inflammation caused by overgrowth of organisms (bacteria and yeast)
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| Chancre | hard ulcer or sore
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| Cryogenic surgery | Technique for prostate cancer treatment using freezing temperatures to destroy cancer cells
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| Embryonal Carcinoma | Hemorrhagic mass
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| Epididymitis | inflammation usually caused by bacteria
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| Impotence | inability of a male to sustain an erection or achieve ejaculation
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| Oligospermia | Pertaining to scanty amount of sperm
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| Orchiectomy | Castration in males; orchidectomy
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| Orchitis | caused by injury or by mumps virus, also infects the salivary glands
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| Penile | (ile) pertaining to penis
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| Penoscrotal | Pt. to penis and scrotum
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| Prostatectomy | removal of prostate gland
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| Prostatitis | inflammation of prostate gland. often associated with urethritis and infection of lower urinary tract
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| -spadias | condition of tearing or cutting
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| phim/o | muzzle
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| brachy- | near
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| Purulent | pus-filled
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| gon/o | seed
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| Seminoma | -most common tumor
-arises from embryonic cells in testes
-pale, homogeneous mass
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| Spermatogenesis | formation of sperm
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| Spermolytic | breakdown of sperm
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| Teratoma | tumor occurs in testes- malignant
ovaries- benign
-composed of different types of tissue
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| Testicular | cancer in the testes
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| Vasovasostomy | reversal of vasectomy; urologist rejoins the cut ends of the vas deferens
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