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Chabner Ch.9
Male Reproductive System: Pronunciation of Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bulbourethral Glands | Pair of exocrine glands near male urethra. Secrete fluid into urethra. AKA Cowper Glands |
| Ejaculation | Ejection of sperm and fluid from male urethra |
| Ejaculatory Duct | Tube through which semen enters male urethra |
| Epididymis (plural: epididymides) | One of a pair long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis. Stores and carries sperm from seminiferous tubules to vas deferens |
| Erectile Dysfunction | Inability of adult male to achieve an erection; impotence |
| Flagellum | Hair-like projection on sperm cell that makes it motile |
| Fraternal twins | Two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells |
| Glans Penis | Sensitive tip of penis; comparable to clitoris in female |
| Identical Twins | Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. Conjoined twins are incompletely separated identical twins |
| Interstitial cells of the testes | Specialized cells that lie adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in testes. Produce testosterone. AKA Leydig Cells |
| Parenchymal tissue | Essential distinctive cells of an organ. In testis, seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are parenchymal |
| Penis | Male external organ or reproduction |
| Perineum | External region between anus and scrotum in male |
| Prepuce | Foreskin, fold of skin covering tip of penis |
| Prostate Gland | Exocrine gland at base of male urinary bladder. Secretes fluid that contributes to semen during ejaculation. |
| Scrotum | External sac that contains the testes |
| Semen | Spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions) discharged from urethra during ejaculation |
| Seminal Vesicles | Paired sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid (major component of semen) into vas deferens |
| Seminiferous Tubules | Narrow coiled tubules that produce sperm in testes |
| Spermatozoon (plural: spermatozoa) | Sperm cell |
| Sterilization | Procedure that removes a person's ability to produce or release reproductive cells; removal of testicles, vasectomy, and oophorectomy are sterilization procedures |
| Stromal Tissue | Supportive, connective tissue of an organ, distinguished from its parenchyma. AKA stroma |
| Testies (plural: testes) | Male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone. |
| Testosterone | Hormone secreted by interstitial tissue of testes; responsible for male sex characteristics |
| Vas Deferens | Narrow tube (one on each side) carrying sperm from epididymis toward urethra. AKA ductus deferens |
| Carcinoma of the Testes (tesicular cancer) | Malignant tumor of testicles. |
| Cryptorchidism; Cryptorchism | Undescended testicles |
| Hydrocele | Sac of clear fluid in scrotum |
| Testicular Torsion | Twisting of the spermatic cord |
| Varicocele | Englarged, dilated veins near testicle |
| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) | Benign growth of cells within the prostate gland -TURP relieves obstruction |
| Carcinoma of the Prostate (prostate cancer) | Malignant tumor of the prostate gland -Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) detect tumor at later stage |
| Hypospadias | Congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of its tip |
| Phimosis | Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis |
| Chlamydial Infection | Bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract |
| Gonorrhea | Inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria) |
| Herpes Genitalis | Infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) |
| Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection | Infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the HPV |
| Syphilis | Chronic STI caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium) |
| PSA test | Measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood |
| Semen Analysis | Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid |
| Castration | Surgical excision of testicles or ovaries |
| Circumsicion | Surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis |
| Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) | Finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland |
| Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate (GreenLight PVP) | Removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP) |
| Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) | Excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through urethra |
| Vasectomy | Bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens -Ligation (tying and binding off) |
| Androgen | Testosterone; testes in males and adrenal glands in me/women produce androgens |
| Aspermia | Lack of semen (sperm and fluid) |
| Azoospermia | Lack of spermatozoa in the semen |
| Balanitis | Inflammation caused by overgrowth of organisms (bacteria and yeast) |
| Chancre | hard ulcer or sore |
| Cryogenic surgery | Technique for prostate cancer treatment using freezing temperatures to destroy cancer cells |
| Embryonal Carcinoma | Hemorrhagic mass |
| Epididymitis | inflammation usually caused by bacteria |
| Impotence | inability of a male to sustain an erection or achieve ejaculation |
| Oligospermia | Pertaining to scanty amount of sperm |
| Orchiectomy | Castration in males; orchidectomy |
| Orchitis | caused by injury or by mumps virus, also infects the salivary glands |
| Penile | (ile) pertaining to penis |
| Penoscrotal | Pt. to penis and scrotum |
| Prostatectomy | removal of prostate gland |
| Prostatitis | inflammation of prostate gland. often associated with urethritis and infection of lower urinary tract |
| -spadias | condition of tearing or cutting |
| phim/o | muzzle |
| brachy- | near |
| Purulent | pus-filled |
| gon/o | seed |
| Seminoma | -most common tumor -arises from embryonic cells in testes -pale, homogeneous mass |
| Spermatogenesis | formation of sperm |
| Spermolytic | breakdown of sperm |
| Teratoma | tumor occurs in testes- malignant ovaries- benign -composed of different types of tissue |
| Testicular | cancer in the testes |
| Vasovasostomy | reversal of vasectomy; urologist rejoins the cut ends of the vas deferens |
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jaclynn
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