Terms on Hinduism
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| Aryans | ancient, indigenous people from Indus Valley Civilization. Cow herders. "Noble Ones"
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| Vedas | Aryan scriptures Hindus trace history from.
Timeless, eternal
"Knowledge" first told orally
Rig Veda - Oldest veda
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| Deva | meaning "god"
powers that create life and growth
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| Agni | God of spiritual sacrifice (fire)
accepts offerings and transports them to realm of the Gods
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| Atman | Breath, soul
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| Sacrifice of Purusha | sustaining the world and universe w/ this hymn
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| Upanishads | inner, mystic teaching
Passed from teacher to disciple
"to sit at the feet of teacher"
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| Samsara | endless round of birth and death, and rebirth
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| Karma | "action"
Law that every action has effect
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| Bhrahman | The ONE
ultimate reality or power
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| Shruti | that which is "heard" by the sages
eternal revelation of truth
ex. Upanishads, Vedas, Bhrahmanas
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| maya | divine creative magic
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| Smirti | that which is "remembered"
new writings during classical period
Ex. Yoga Sutras, Dharmasutras, Dharmashastras, Bhagavad Gita
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| yoga | "yoke" or discipline, withdrawing from the world
technique for liberation from bodily existence
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| Epic/Classical Period | 400BCE - 400CE
unification and consolidation of Hinduism
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| Dharma | eternal order of everything
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| Bhagavad Gita | convo between Krishna and Arjuna
concise guide to Hindu philosophy
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| Krisna | incarnation of Vishnu
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| Shiva | Half male/half female
destroyer
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| lingam | male part
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| yoni | femal part
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| bhakti | devotion to one's God
focus of the Gita
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| Avatara | incarnation
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| Puja | worship of divine images
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| Purana | ancient stories
describing various Gods and devotion to them
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| 3 paths (in Hindu) | jnana marga
karma marga
bhakti marga
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| jnana marga | path of knowledge
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| karma marga | path of duties
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| bhakti marga | path of devotion to God
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| gopis | group of cow herd girls known for devotion to Krishna
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| Kali | Goddess of time and change
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| darshana | ritual "seeing" of the God
produces intense feelings of being united with divine
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| Holi | spring festival
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| Durja Puja | fall festival, good over evil
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| samnyasin | renouncing the world in search of moksha alone
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| samadhi | meditative trance
culmination, highest level
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| lila | activities of God and his devotees
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| Ramakrishna | Hindu who revitalized Hinduism
Incorporating western ideas
Ultimate reality can be found through any worship tradition
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| jati | birth CASTE divisions
thousands - occupational
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| varna | color CLASS divisions
4 - brahmans (priests), kshatriyas (noble, soldiers), viashyas(farmers), shudas (servants)
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| ashramas | stages of life
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