The Language of Medicine 11th Edition
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Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse: | Dendrite
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Largest part of the brain: | Cerebrum
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The outermost layer of the meninges: | Dura Mater
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A type of neuroglial cell that transports water and salts from capillaries: | astrocyte
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Part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance: | cerebellum
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Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell | myelin sheath
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Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid: | ventricles
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The part of the brain that controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and the secretions from the pituitary gland: | hypothalamus
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Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell: | neurotransmitter
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Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells: | synapse
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Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell: | axon
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Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord: | brainstem
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Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord: | cauda equina
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Collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system: | ganglion
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Part of the brain just above the spinal cord that controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels: | medulla oblongata
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Main relay center of the brain: | thalamus
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Sheet of nerve cells that forms a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex: | gyrus
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Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex: | sulcus
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Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord: | meninges
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Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges: | pia mater
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The combining form that means brain: | -encephal/o
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The combining form that means spinal cord: | -myel/o
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The combining form that means nerve: | -neur/o
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The combining form that means nerve root: | -radicul/o
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The combining form that means burning: | -caus/o
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The combining form that means feeling: | -esthesi/o
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The combining form that means word or phrase: | -lex/o
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The suffix that means strength: | -sthenia
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The suffix that means pain: | -algia
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The suffix that means seizure: | -lepsy
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A subdural hematoma means a collection of blood under (sub-) the ________ (dur/o). | dura mater
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Encephalitis is inflammation (-itis) of the ________ (encephal/o). | brain
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Poliomyelitis is inflammation (-itis) of the gray matter (polio-) of the ________ (myel/o). | spinal cord
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Neuropathy is disease (-pathy) of ________ (neur/o). | nerves
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Radiculitis is inflammation (-itis) of the _______ (radicul/o). | nerve roots
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Neuralgia is _______ (-algia) of the nerves (neur/o). | pain
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Bradykinesia is slowness (brady-) of ________ (-kinesia). | movement
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Hemiparesis is ________ (-paresis) in either the right or left half (hemi-) of the body. | weakness
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Ataxia is a condition of no (a-) muscular ________ (tax/o) | coordination
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Quadriplegia is ________ (-plegia) of all four (quadri-) limbs of the body. | paralysis
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Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain: | hydrocephalus
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Congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts: | spina bifida
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Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive dementia, personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning: | AD
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Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem: | ALS
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Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity: | epilepsy
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Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue: | MG
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Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles: | myasthenia gravis
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Disease of involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements, uncontrollable vocal sounds, and inappropriate words: | Tourette syndrome
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Bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head: | cerebral contusion
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Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke: | CVA
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X-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessels in the brain after injection of contrast material: | cerebral angiography
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A method of treatment for myasthenia gravis: | thymectomy
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Radioactive glucose is injected and then detected in the brain to image the metabolic activity of cells: | PET scan
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Recording of the electrical activity of the brain: | EEG
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Samples of CSF are examined: | cerebrospinal fluid analysis
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X-ray technique that generates multiple computerized images of the brain and spinal cord: | CT scan
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Magnetic field and pulses of radiowave energy are used to create images of the brain and spinal cord: | MRI
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Use of sound waves to detect blood flow in the carotid and intracranial arteries: | Doppler ultrasound studies
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CSF is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae for analysis: | lumbar puncture
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Use of a specialized instrument to locate and treat targets in the brain: | stereotactic radiosurgery
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