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Ch 10-Nervous System
The Language of Medicine 11th Edition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse: | Dendrite |
| Largest part of the brain: | Cerebrum |
| The outermost layer of the meninges: | Dura Mater |
| A type of neuroglial cell that transports water and salts from capillaries: | astrocyte |
| Part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance: | cerebellum |
| Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell | myelin sheath |
| Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid: | ventricles |
| The part of the brain that controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and the secretions from the pituitary gland: | hypothalamus |
| Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell: | neurotransmitter |
| Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells: | synapse |
| Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell: | axon |
| Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord: | brainstem |
| Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord: | cauda equina |
| Collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system: | ganglion |
| Part of the brain just above the spinal cord that controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels: | medulla oblongata |
| Main relay center of the brain: | thalamus |
| Sheet of nerve cells that forms a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex: | gyrus |
| Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex: | sulcus |
| Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord: | meninges |
| Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges: | pia mater |
| The combining form that means brain: | -encephal/o |
| The combining form that means spinal cord: | -myel/o |
| The combining form that means nerve: | -neur/o |
| The combining form that means nerve root: | -radicul/o |
| The combining form that means burning: | -caus/o |
| The combining form that means feeling: | -esthesi/o |
| The combining form that means word or phrase: | -lex/o |
| The suffix that means strength: | -sthenia |
| The suffix that means pain: | -algia |
| The suffix that means seizure: | -lepsy |
| A subdural hematoma means a collection of blood under (sub-) the ________ (dur/o). | dura mater |
| Encephalitis is inflammation (-itis) of the ________ (encephal/o). | brain |
| Poliomyelitis is inflammation (-itis) of the gray matter (polio-) of the ________ (myel/o). | spinal cord |
| Neuropathy is disease (-pathy) of ________ (neur/o). | nerves |
| Radiculitis is inflammation (-itis) of the _______ (radicul/o). | nerve roots |
| Neuralgia is _______ (-algia) of the nerves (neur/o). | pain |
| Bradykinesia is slowness (brady-) of ________ (-kinesia). | movement |
| Hemiparesis is ________ (-paresis) in either the right or left half (hemi-) of the body. | weakness |
| Ataxia is a condition of no (a-) muscular ________ (tax/o) | coordination |
| Quadriplegia is ________ (-plegia) of all four (quadri-) limbs of the body. | paralysis |
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain: | hydrocephalus |
| Congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts: | spina bifida |
| Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive dementia, personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning: | AD |
| Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem: | ALS |
| Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity: | epilepsy |
| Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue: | MG |
| Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles: | myasthenia gravis |
| Disease of involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements, uncontrollable vocal sounds, and inappropriate words: | Tourette syndrome |
| Bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head: | cerebral contusion |
| Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke: | CVA |
| X-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessels in the brain after injection of contrast material: | cerebral angiography |
| A method of treatment for myasthenia gravis: | thymectomy |
| Radioactive glucose is injected and then detected in the brain to image the metabolic activity of cells: | PET scan |
| Recording of the electrical activity of the brain: | EEG |
| Samples of CSF are examined: | cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
| X-ray technique that generates multiple computerized images of the brain and spinal cord: | CT scan |
| Magnetic field and pulses of radiowave energy are used to create images of the brain and spinal cord: | MRI |
| Use of sound waves to detect blood flow in the carotid and intracranial arteries: | Doppler ultrasound studies |
| CSF is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae for analysis: | lumbar puncture |
| Use of a specialized instrument to locate and treat targets in the brain: | stereotactic radiosurgery |
Created by:
misscollin
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