Pharmacology
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| What is pharmacology? | the study of drugs and their origin, nature, properties, and effects on living organisms
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| Classification? | each drug can be categorized under a broad subcategory or subcategories
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| How are drugs classified? | by their chemical composition, by how they work, by the disease they treat
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| What is generic name? | reflects the chemical name but in shorter form
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| What is brand name? | the name the manufacturer uses to market the drug
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| What are indications? | the reason for administering a medication or performing a treatment
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| What are contra-indications? | a factor that prevents the use of a medication or treatment
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| What is a dose? | the amount of drug to be given at one time
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| What is mechanism of action? | how a drug works, very technical and geared to the pharmacist
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| What are effects? | the desired results of administration of a medication
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| What are side effects? | effects that are not desired and can occur in addition to desired effects
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| What are the body systems? | skeletal, muscular, circulatory, reproductive, endocrine, digestive, urinary, nervous, lymphatic, respiratory
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| What are drugs? | the chemical substance that cause changes, physical or emotional in an individual
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| What is medicine? | a drug used to prevent, treat, or cure an illness or pain
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| Drugs have 3 qualities to be a medicine, what are they? | effective, safeness, side effects
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| Prescription? | written order by the doctor
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| Over the counter? | purchased without a prescription
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| Analgesics? | relieve pain
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| Antihistamines? | help allergies
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| Antibiotics? | kill bacteria
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| Antacids? | relieve heartburn
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| What is sublingual? | medicine that goes under the tongue
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| What is oral? | the drug or medicine is swallowed and absorbed through the stomach and intestinal tract
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| What is FDA? | food and drug administration
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| What is inhalation? | a gas or aerosol inhaled by the patient
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| What is injection? | the drug is injected into a muscle mass
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| What are other routes of administration? | nasogastric tube, G-tube, peg tube, rectal
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| Tablets? | compressed powder shaped into a disk
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| Spray? | Ex: nitroglycerin sublingual spray
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| liquid/vaporized? | Ex: albuterol by small volume nebulizer
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| gel? | substance the patient swallows
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| suspension? | drug particles mixed
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| fine powder for inhalation? | Ex: albuterol by hand-held metered-dose inhaler
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| What are drug forms? | cap (capsule), elix (elixir), gtt (drop), supp(suppository), susp(suspension), tab(tablet)
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| What are the four phases of pharmacokinetics? | 1. drug absorption into the bloodstream
2. drug distribution to their site of action
3. drug metabolism by the body
4.drug elimination from the body
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| What are the factors influencing metabolism? | liver function, effects of the disease, effects of age, interactions of 2 or more drugs
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| What helps with medication metabolism? | the liver
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| What are the steps to administering a medication? | obtain the order, confirm the order, select the proper medication, verify form and route, inform patient of order, recheck the medication
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