Med terms quiz 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Epithelial cells | Epithelium
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| Keratinocytes | Keratin
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| Melanocytes | Skin color
Melanin
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| Epidermis | Epithelial cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes
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| Dermis | Connective tissue
Contains hair follicles, blood vessels, nerves, and glands
Thermoregulation
Four types of cells
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| Subcutaneous tissue | Not part of skin
Connects dermis to the muscles and organs below
Fatty tissue
Insulates structures from temperature extremes
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| Glands | Sebaceous glands
Sudoriferous glands
Ceruminous glands
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| Other Integumentary | Hair, Glands, Nails
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| Cyanosis | Skin becomes blue tinges because oxygen doesn't reach blood
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| Diaphoresis | Condition of profuse sweating
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| Necr/o | Death
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| Scleraderma | Skin hardens
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| Epitheli/o | Covering
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| Py/o | Pus
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| Laceration | Cut in skin
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| Abrasion | Scrape of skin
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| Contusion | Bruise
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| Avulsion | Tearing/ severing
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| Maceration | Dissolution of the skin (skin rubs together)
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| Treatments requiring Hospital stay | Abdominoplasty, Rhytidectomy, Blepharoplasty
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| Aging Skin in the Integumentary System | collagen breakdown
decrease in M + K cells
decrease in seb glands
hair follicles less productive
irregular production of melanin
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| Complications to burns | dehydration, shock, toxins, (infection)
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| Debridement | removal of old skin
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| Ras/o | scrape
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| Cosmetic Surgery | Laser surgery
Facial renewal
Liposuction
Hair implantation
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| Bone Function | Provide protection and support
Make movement possible
Produce blood cells
Store and release calcium and phosphorus
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| Bone of head and trunk | Skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage, hyoid bone
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| Axial Skeleton | Bone of head and trunk
Cranial bones
Facial bones
Vertebral column
Thoracic cage
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| Pectoral Girdle | Connects arms to the thoracic cage
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| Pelvic Girdle | Connects the legs to the axial skeleton
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| Appendicular Skeleton | pectoral girdle
pelvic girdle
upper extremities
lower extremities
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| Joint structures | Articular cartilage
Joint cavity
Synovial membrane
Synovial fluid
Joint capsule
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| Kyph/o | humpback
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| Lord/o | swayback
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| Scoli/o | curved
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| Tempor/o | temporal bone
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| Mandibul/o | mandible; lower jaw
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| Maxill/o | maxilla; upper jaw
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| Xiph/o | Sword
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| Stern/o | sternum; breastbone
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| Coccyg/o | coccyx; tailbone
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| Lumb/o | lower back; loins
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| Sacr/o | sacrum
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| Clavicul/o | clavicle; collarbone
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| Radi/o | radius
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| Uln/o | ulnar
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| ili/o | hip
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| Acetabul/o | acetabulum; hip socket
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| Calcane/o | heel
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| Femor/o | femur; thigh bone
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| Fibul/o | fibula
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| Patell/a; patell/o | patella; kneecap
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| Burs/o | Bursa
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| Tibi/o | tibia; shin
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| Ortho- | straight
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| Aging in the skeletal system | Decreased bone density
Degeneration of articular cartilage
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| Treatment of Fractures | Treatment of fractures
Open vs. closed
Skeletal traction
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| Fractures | Open (compound) fracture
Closed (simple) fracture
Pathological fracture
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| C1,C2…C7 | numbering of Cervical vertebra
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| DDD | degenerative disk disease
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| IP | interphalangeal
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| L1, L2…L5 | numbering of lumbar vertebra
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| LDD | lumbar disc disease
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| MP | metacarpophalangeal
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| OA | osteoarthritis
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| RA | rheumatoid arthritis
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| S1, S2…S5 | numbering of sacral vertebra
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| T1, T2…T12 | numbering of thoracic vertebra
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| TMJ | temporomandibular joint
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| TKR | total knee replacement
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| Myelogram | test of spinal cord impulse conveyance
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| Muscular System | Skeletal muscle is voluntary
Cardiac and visceral muscles are involuntary
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| Ligaments | Attach bone to bone
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| Tendons | Attach muscle to bone
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| Skeletal Attachments | Origin
Muscles- attach to stable bone
Insertion- muscle to moving bone
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| Major superficial muscles of the body | Anterior
Posterior
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| Flex/o | Bend
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| Pronati/o | Facing backward
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| Supinati/o | Facing forward
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| Tens/o | Stretch
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| Electr/o | Electric
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| Fasci/o | Fascia (band of tissue surrounding the muscle)
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| Kinesi/o | Movement
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| Lei/o | Smooth
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| Rhabd/o | rod-shaped; striped; striated
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| Tenosynovi/o | Tendon sheath
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| Ton/o | Tone; tension
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| -asthenia | No strength
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| -clonus | Turmoil
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| -ion | Process
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| -kinesia | Movement; motion
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| -trophy | Nourishment; growth
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| -thermy | Heat
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| Aging of muscles | Muscle atrophy - sarcopenia
Disuse
Male (decreased testosterone)
Female (decreased estrogen)
Decreased growth hormone
Decreased nervous control
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| Common Diseases of muscles | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Strain
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| EMG | Electromyography
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| ROM | range of motion
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| PM & R | Physical Medicine and Rehab
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| ADL | Activities of daily living
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| IADL | instrumental activities of daily living
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| Fasciorrhapy | suturing the fascia
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| CNS (central nervous system) | Spinal cord and the Brain
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| Peripheral nervous system | Sensory neurons
Motor neurons
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| Functions of the Nervous System | Sensory
Integrative
Motor
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| Neurons | Cell body
Axon (Some have myelin sheath)
Dendrites
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| Neuroglia | Do not carry electrical impulses
Protect the neurons by phagocytosis
Provide nutrients
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| Synapse | Electrical impulse transmission
Gap between neuron and a muscle or between two neurons
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| Neurotransmitter | Chemical
Released from sac at end of neuron
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| Brain | Part of the CNS
Cerebrum
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| Cerebrum | Hemispheres divided by longitudinal fissure
Corpus callosum connect the hemispheres
Cerebral cortex
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| Cerebrum-lobes | Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital
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| Cerebrum-Gyri (convolutions) | Sulci and fissures
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| Brain | Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Brain Stem
Cerebellum
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| Brain stem | Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
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| Spinal Cord location | Part of the CNS
Starts at the medulla oblongata and ends at the conus medullaris
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| Spinal Cord nerves | 31 pairs of nerves
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| Protective membranes of spinal cord | Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Pia mater
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| Spinal Cord | Subdural space
Subarachnoid space
Cerebrospinal fluid
Blood-brain barrier
Meninges
Protective membranes
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| PNS | Cranial nerves
Spinal Nerves
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| Gli-o | glue
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| Myelin/o | myelin sheath
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| Tom/o | to cut
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| -schisis | cleft; splitting
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| -us | condition; thing
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| Polio- | grey
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| Para- | abnormal
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| Cerebell/o | cerebellum
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| Cortic/o | cortex; outer covering
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| Dur/o | dura mater
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| Mening/o | meninges; membrane
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| Radicul/o | nerve roots
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| Thalam/o | thalamus
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| Vertricul/o | ventricles
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| -esthesia | sensation
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| -kinesia; -kinesis | movement; motion
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| -phasia | speech
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| -plegia | paralysis
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| -taxia | order; coordination
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| Pachy- | thick
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| De- | lack of; removal
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| Aging of the nervous system | Loss of myelin sheath
Impaired coordination
Decreased neuroglia leads to loss of neurons
Muscle weakness, impaired coordination & reflexes, verbal & learning dysfunction, short-term memory loss
Alzheimer’s disease and dementia
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| Common diseases of the nervous system | Brain tumors
Gliomas (malignant)
Meningiomas (benign)
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson’s disease
Seizure disorder
Epilepsy
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| ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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| BBB | blood-brain barrier
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| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid
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| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome
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| CT | computed tomography
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| HNP | herniated nucleus pulposus
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| LP | lumbar puncture
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| PET | positron emission tomography
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| PD | Parkinson’s disease
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| Anesthesia Types | Local
Regional
Spinal
Epidural
IV sedation
General
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| Sx | symptoms
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