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Med terms quiz 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epithelial cells | Epithelium |
| Keratinocytes | Keratin |
| Melanocytes | Skin color Melanin |
| Epidermis | Epithelial cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes |
| Dermis | Connective tissue Contains hair follicles, blood vessels, nerves, and glands Thermoregulation Four types of cells |
| Subcutaneous tissue | Not part of skin Connects dermis to the muscles and organs below Fatty tissue Insulates structures from temperature extremes |
| Glands | Sebaceous glands Sudoriferous glands Ceruminous glands |
| Other Integumentary | Hair, Glands, Nails |
| Cyanosis | Skin becomes blue tinges because oxygen doesn't reach blood |
| Diaphoresis | Condition of profuse sweating |
| Necr/o | Death |
| Scleraderma | Skin hardens |
| Epitheli/o | Covering |
| Py/o | Pus |
| Laceration | Cut in skin |
| Abrasion | Scrape of skin |
| Contusion | Bruise |
| Avulsion | Tearing/ severing |
| Maceration | Dissolution of the skin (skin rubs together) |
| Treatments requiring Hospital stay | Abdominoplasty, Rhytidectomy, Blepharoplasty |
| Aging Skin in the Integumentary System | collagen breakdown decrease in M + K cells decrease in seb glands hair follicles less productive irregular production of melanin |
| Complications to burns | dehydration, shock, toxins, (infection) |
| Debridement | removal of old skin |
| Ras/o | scrape |
| Cosmetic Surgery | Laser surgery Facial renewal Liposuction Hair implantation |
| Bone Function | Provide protection and support Make movement possible Produce blood cells Store and release calcium and phosphorus |
| Bone of head and trunk | Skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage, hyoid bone |
| Axial Skeleton | Bone of head and trunk Cranial bones Facial bones Vertebral column Thoracic cage |
| Pectoral Girdle | Connects arms to the thoracic cage |
| Pelvic Girdle | Connects the legs to the axial skeleton |
| Appendicular Skeleton | pectoral girdle pelvic girdle upper extremities lower extremities |
| Joint structures | Articular cartilage Joint cavity Synovial membrane Synovial fluid Joint capsule |
| Kyph/o | humpback |
| Lord/o | swayback |
| Scoli/o | curved |
| Tempor/o | temporal bone |
| Mandibul/o | mandible; lower jaw |
| Maxill/o | maxilla; upper jaw |
| Xiph/o | Sword |
| Stern/o | sternum; breastbone |
| Coccyg/o | coccyx; tailbone |
| Lumb/o | lower back; loins |
| Sacr/o | sacrum |
| Clavicul/o | clavicle; collarbone |
| Radi/o | radius |
| Uln/o | ulnar |
| ili/o | hip |
| Acetabul/o | acetabulum; hip socket |
| Calcane/o | heel |
| Femor/o | femur; thigh bone |
| Fibul/o | fibula |
| Patell/a; patell/o | patella; kneecap |
| Burs/o | Bursa |
| Tibi/o | tibia; shin |
| Ortho- | straight |
| Aging in the skeletal system | Decreased bone density Degeneration of articular cartilage |
| Treatment of Fractures | Treatment of fractures Open vs. closed Skeletal traction |
| Fractures | Open (compound) fracture Closed (simple) fracture Pathological fracture |
| C1,C2…C7 | numbering of Cervical vertebra |
| DDD | degenerative disk disease |
| IP | interphalangeal |
| L1, L2…L5 | numbering of lumbar vertebra |
| LDD | lumbar disc disease |
| MP | metacarpophalangeal |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| S1, S2…S5 | numbering of sacral vertebra |
| T1, T2…T12 | numbering of thoracic vertebra |
| TMJ | temporomandibular joint |
| TKR | total knee replacement |
| Myelogram | test of spinal cord impulse conveyance |
| Muscular System | Skeletal muscle is voluntary Cardiac and visceral muscles are involuntary |
| Ligaments | Attach bone to bone |
| Tendons | Attach muscle to bone |
| Skeletal Attachments | Origin Muscles- attach to stable bone Insertion- muscle to moving bone |
| Major superficial muscles of the body | Anterior Posterior |
| Flex/o | Bend |
| Pronati/o | Facing backward |
| Supinati/o | Facing forward |
| Tens/o | Stretch |
| Electr/o | Electric |
| Fasci/o | Fascia (band of tissue surrounding the muscle) |
| Kinesi/o | Movement |
| Lei/o | Smooth |
| Rhabd/o | rod-shaped; striped; striated |
| Tenosynovi/o | Tendon sheath |
| Ton/o | Tone; tension |
| -asthenia | No strength |
| -clonus | Turmoil |
| -ion | Process |
| -kinesia | Movement; motion |
| -trophy | Nourishment; growth |
| -thermy | Heat |
| Aging of muscles | Muscle atrophy - sarcopenia Disuse Male (decreased testosterone) Female (decreased estrogen) Decreased growth hormone Decreased nervous control |
| Common Diseases of muscles | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Strain |
| EMG | Electromyography |
| ROM | range of motion |
| PM & R | Physical Medicine and Rehab |
| ADL | Activities of daily living |
| IADL | instrumental activities of daily living |
| Fasciorrhapy | suturing the fascia |
| CNS (central nervous system) | Spinal cord and the Brain |
| Peripheral nervous system | Sensory neurons Motor neurons |
| Functions of the Nervous System | Sensory Integrative Motor |
| Neurons | Cell body Axon (Some have myelin sheath) Dendrites |
| Neuroglia | Do not carry electrical impulses Protect the neurons by phagocytosis Provide nutrients |
| Synapse | Electrical impulse transmission Gap between neuron and a muscle or between two neurons |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemical Released from sac at end of neuron |
| Brain | Part of the CNS Cerebrum |
| Cerebrum | Hemispheres divided by longitudinal fissure Corpus callosum connect the hemispheres Cerebral cortex |
| Cerebrum-lobes | Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital |
| Cerebrum-Gyri (convolutions) | Sulci and fissures |
| Brain | Thalamus Hypothalamus Brain Stem Cerebellum |
| Brain stem | Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata |
| Spinal Cord location | Part of the CNS Starts at the medulla oblongata and ends at the conus medullaris |
| Spinal Cord nerves | 31 pairs of nerves |
| Protective membranes of spinal cord | Dura mater Arachnoid membrane Pia mater |
| Spinal Cord | Subdural space Subarachnoid space Cerebrospinal fluid Blood-brain barrier Meninges Protective membranes |
| PNS | Cranial nerves Spinal Nerves |
| Gli-o | glue |
| Myelin/o | myelin sheath |
| Tom/o | to cut |
| -schisis | cleft; splitting |
| -us | condition; thing |
| Polio- | grey |
| Para- | abnormal |
| Cerebell/o | cerebellum |
| Cortic/o | cortex; outer covering |
| Dur/o | dura mater |
| Mening/o | meninges; membrane |
| Radicul/o | nerve roots |
| Thalam/o | thalamus |
| Vertricul/o | ventricles |
| -esthesia | sensation |
| -kinesia; -kinesis | movement; motion |
| -phasia | speech |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| -taxia | order; coordination |
| Pachy- | thick |
| De- | lack of; removal |
| Aging of the nervous system | Loss of myelin sheath Impaired coordination Decreased neuroglia leads to loss of neurons Muscle weakness, impaired coordination & reflexes, verbal & learning dysfunction, short-term memory loss Alzheimer’s disease and dementia |
| Common diseases of the nervous system | Brain tumors Gliomas (malignant) Meningiomas (benign) Multiple sclerosis Parkinson’s disease Seizure disorder Epilepsy |
| ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| BBB | blood-brain barrier |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome |
| CT | computed tomography |
| HNP | herniated nucleus pulposus |
| LP | lumbar puncture |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PD | Parkinson’s disease |
| Anesthesia Types | Local Regional Spinal Epidural IV sedation General |
| Sx | symptoms |
Created by:
tancrl
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