Med term chap 5
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| Cardiopulmonary | Pertaining to the heart and lungs
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| Cardiothoracic | Pertaining to the heart and thoracic cavity
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| Cardiovascular system | body system that includes the heart and the blood vessels (vascular structures)
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| Circulatory system | Circular route that the blood takes as it moves through the body.
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| mediastinum | Irregularly shaped, central area in the thoracic cavity that lies between the lungs.
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| Pulmonary circulation | The arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins going to. within, and coming from the lungs
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| Systemic circulation | The arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins everywhere in the body, except in the lungs
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| Aortic valve | heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
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| Atrium | Each of the two upper chambers of the heart
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| Chordae tendineae | Ropelike strands that support the tricuspid and mitral valves and keep their leaflets tightly closed when the ventricles are contracting
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| Ductus arteriosus | Temporary, small blood vessel in the fetal heart that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta.
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| Endocardium | Layer of cells that lines the atria, ventricle, and valves of the heart
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| Foramen ovale | Temporary, oval shaped opening in the interatrial septum of the fetal heart
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| Heart | organ that pumps blood throughout the body
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| Mitral valve | Heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle
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| Myocardium | Muscular layer of the heart
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| Pericardium | Membrane that surrounds the heart as the pericardial sac and is filled with pericardial fluid
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| Pulmonary valve | Heart valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries
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| Tricuspid valve | Heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.
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| Valve | Structure that opens and closes to control the flow of blood.
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| Ventricle | Each of the two large, lower chambers of the heart
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| Atrioventricular (AV) node | small area of tissue between the right atrium and right ventricle.
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| Bundle branches | Part of the conduction system of the heart after the bundle of His
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| Bundle of His | Part of the conduction system of the heart after the AV node
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| Conduction system | System that carries the electrical impulse that makes the heart beat
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| Depolarization | To begin a contraction of the heart, an impulse from the SA node changes the permeability of the myocardial cell membrane.
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| Diastole | Resting period between contractions
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| Ectopic site | Area within the heart that can produce its own electrical impulse but is not part of the conduction system
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| Refractory Period | Short period of time when the myocardium is unresponsive to electrical impulses
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| Repolarization | To end a contraction of the heart, positive potassium ions diffuse out of the cell, while molecular pumps move positive sodium and some calcium ions out of the cell and move the rest of the calcium ions into storage within the cell
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| Sinoatrial node | Pacemaker of the heart
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| Systole | Contraction of the atria or the ventricles
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| Aorta | Largest artery. It carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body
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| Arteriole | Smallest branch of an artery
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| Artery | Blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body
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| Axillary artery | Artery that carries oxygenated blood to the axilla ( Armpit) area
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| Blood vessels | Large and small channels through which the blood circulates throughout the body
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| Brachial artery | Artery that carries oxygenated blood to the upper arm
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| Capillary | Smallest blood vessel in the body
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| Carotid artery | Artery that carries oxygenated blood to the myocardium (heart muscle)
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| Endothelium | Layer of cells that lines the wall of a blood vessel
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| Femoral artery | Artery that carries oxygenated blood to the upper leg
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| Great vessels | Collective phrase for the aorta, the superior and inferior vena cavae, and the pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary veins
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| Iliac artery | Artery that carries oxygenated blood to the hip and groin area
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| Jugular vein | Vein that carries blood from the head to the superior vena cava
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| Peroneal artery | Artery that carries oxygenated blood to the little toe side of the lower leg
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| Popliteal |
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