Obstructive Respiratory Diseases- Asthma
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| Bronchiolar narrowing (constriction) that comes and goes, depending on several different things. | Asthma
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| In asthma, you get chronic _______________________. | Inflammation of mucosa in the linings of the airway.
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| when you have too much mucosa, what is usually present? | Inflammatory cells (white blood cells, mast cells, etc...) - causes pus to fill airways.
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| What is usually the main complaint for folks with asthma? | hard to move air into and out of lungs (especially out)
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| How is asthma diagnosed? | Measure the amount of air someone can blow out per time - the forced expiratory volume or effort (FEV).
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| Asthmatics breath more ___________ than others. (rapid or slow?) | rapidly.
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| "Deep breathing" for an asthmatic produces over time a ___________. | hyperinflated chest.
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| What is usually present with asthma? | Coughing and dyspnea.
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| Asthma is not _______ or ______. explain. | Asthma is not bronchitis (involves bronchiolar secretions), and is not emphysema (which amount and springiness of tissues is lost).
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| Three types of asthma: | 1) Extrinsic (allergic). 2) Intrinsic (idiopathic). 3) mixed.
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| Extrinsic asthma: | Rare. Usually caused by a known allergen. Begins in childhood and results from sensitization.
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| Intrinsic asthma: | occurs in response to UNKNOWN stimuli - can be irritated by cold, exercise, emotions/anxiety. This usually develops after age 40 and progresses to bronchitis or emphysema.
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| Mixed asthma: | Most common, where elements of both extrinsic and intrinsic are present.
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| Why is exhalation difficult for asthmatics? | Air passageways are overly constricted and filled with mucous and fluid.
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| 2 possible causes (sorta causes) for asthma? | Hypersensitivity to things. Beta-adrenergic innervation of bronchioles is impaired.
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| 3 longterm treatment strategies of asthma: | 1) identify and remove irritants in environment. 2) Beta-adrenergic agonists. 3) Drugs that lessen effects of inflammatory cells within the airways. (prevent mast cells from releasing mucosa)
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| asthma drugs mimic ______________. | Epinephrine. (Albuterol - inhaled and reaches site quickly). They hit the airways, but not the heart. Epinephrine hits the heart too.
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| Examples of some treatments for asthma: | Albuterol, steroids, blockers of acetylcholine receptors, leukotriene (inflammatory things).
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| Asthma drugs target ______________ and ___________. | smooth muscle. Mucosa.
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| What is always used for asthma treatment? | Beta-adrenergic agonists. Always used.
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Created by:
sam_melillo
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