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Asthma
Obstructive Respiratory Diseases- Asthma
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bronchiolar narrowing (constriction) that comes and goes, depending on several different things. | Asthma |
| In asthma, you get chronic _______________________. | Inflammation of mucosa in the linings of the airway. |
| when you have too much mucosa, what is usually present? | Inflammatory cells (white blood cells, mast cells, etc...) - causes pus to fill airways. |
| What is usually the main complaint for folks with asthma? | hard to move air into and out of lungs (especially out) |
| How is asthma diagnosed? | Measure the amount of air someone can blow out per time - the forced expiratory volume or effort (FEV). |
| Asthmatics breath more ___________ than others. (rapid or slow?) | rapidly. |
| "Deep breathing" for an asthmatic produces over time a ___________. | hyperinflated chest. |
| What is usually present with asthma? | Coughing and dyspnea. |
| Asthma is not _______ or ______. explain. | Asthma is not bronchitis (involves bronchiolar secretions), and is not emphysema (which amount and springiness of tissues is lost). |
| Three types of asthma: | 1) Extrinsic (allergic). 2) Intrinsic (idiopathic). 3) mixed. |
| Extrinsic asthma: | Rare. Usually caused by a known allergen. Begins in childhood and results from sensitization. |
| Intrinsic asthma: | occurs in response to UNKNOWN stimuli - can be irritated by cold, exercise, emotions/anxiety. This usually develops after age 40 and progresses to bronchitis or emphysema. |
| Mixed asthma: | Most common, where elements of both extrinsic and intrinsic are present. |
| Why is exhalation difficult for asthmatics? | Air passageways are overly constricted and filled with mucous and fluid. |
| 2 possible causes (sorta causes) for asthma? | Hypersensitivity to things. Beta-adrenergic innervation of bronchioles is impaired. |
| 3 longterm treatment strategies of asthma: | 1) identify and remove irritants in environment. 2) Beta-adrenergic agonists. 3) Drugs that lessen effects of inflammatory cells within the airways. (prevent mast cells from releasing mucosa) |
| asthma drugs mimic ______________. | Epinephrine. (Albuterol - inhaled and reaches site quickly). They hit the airways, but not the heart. Epinephrine hits the heart too. |
| Examples of some treatments for asthma: | Albuterol, steroids, blockers of acetylcholine receptors, leukotriene (inflammatory things). |
| Asthma drugs target ______________ and ___________. | smooth muscle. Mucosa. |
| What is always used for asthma treatment? | Beta-adrenergic agonists. Always used. |
Created by:
sam_melillo
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