MBC 100 The Language of Medicine, Ch. 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| achalasia | Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle (LES) to relax.
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| anal fistula | Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus.
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| anorexia | Lack of appetite.
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| aphthous stomatitis | Inflammation of the mouth with small ulcers; canker sores.
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| Ascites | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.
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| borboygmi | Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by hyperactive movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract.
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| cholelithiasis | Gallstones in the gallbladder.
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| chirrhosis | Chronic degenerative disease of the liver.
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| colonic polyps | Benign growths protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon.
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| colorectal cancer | Adenocarcinoma of the colon or the rectum or both.
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| constipation | Diffuculty in passing (eliminating) feces (stool).
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| Crohn disease | Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract.
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| dental caries | Tooth decay.
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| diarrhea | Frequent passage of loose, watery stools.
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| diverticula | Small, pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of a tubular organ such as the colon.
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| diverticulosis | Abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon.
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| dysentery | Painful, inflamed intestines commonly cause by bacterial infection.
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| dysphagia | Difficulty in swallowing.
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| eructation | Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth.
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| esophageal cancer | Malignant tumor of the esophagus
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| esophageal varices | Swollen, twisted veins at the lower end of the esophagus.
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| etiology | Study of the cause of disease.
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| flatus | Gas expelled through the anus.
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| gastric cancer | Malignant tumor of the stomach.
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| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach.
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| hematochezia | Passage of bright red blood from the rectum.
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| hemorrhoids | Swollen, twisted veins in the rectal and anal region.
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| hepatocellular carcinoma | Tumor of the liver
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| herpetic stomatitis | Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus.
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| hiatal hernia | Protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm.
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| icterus | Jaundice; yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.
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| idiopathic | Pertaining to unknown cause of disease.
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| ileus | Loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intesines.
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| inflammatory bowel disease | Inflammation of the colon and small intestine.
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| inguinal hernia | A small loop of the bowel protrudes through a weakened lower abdominal muscle.
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| intussusception | Telescoping of the intestines.
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| irritable bowel syndrome | Group of gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating), but without abnormalities in the intestines.
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| jaundice | Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.
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| lipoma | Benign tumor of fatty tissue.
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| melena | Black, tarry stools; feces containing blood.
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| nausea | Unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit.
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| oral leukoplakia | White plaques or patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth.
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| pancreatic cancer | Malignant tumor of the pancreas.
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| pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas.
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| peptic ulcer | Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum.
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| periodontal disease | Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone.
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| pyorrhea | Discharge of pus from the gums.
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| ulcerative colitis | Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers.
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| viral hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus.
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| volvulus | Twisting of the intestine on itself.
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