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Digest. Sys. Patho.

MBC 100 The Language of Medicine, Ch. 5

TermDefinition
achalasia Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle (LES) to relax.
anal fistula Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus.
anorexia Lack of appetite.
aphthous stomatitis Inflammation of the mouth with small ulcers; canker sores.
Ascites Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.
borboygmi Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by hyperactive movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract.
cholelithiasis Gallstones in the gallbladder.
chirrhosis Chronic degenerative disease of the liver.
colonic polyps Benign growths protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon.
colorectal cancer Adenocarcinoma of the colon or the rectum or both.
constipation Diffuculty in passing (eliminating) feces (stool).
Crohn disease Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract.
dental caries Tooth decay.
diarrhea Frequent passage of loose, watery stools.
diverticula Small, pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of a tubular organ such as the colon.
diverticulosis Abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon.
dysentery Painful, inflamed intestines commonly cause by bacterial infection.
dysphagia Difficulty in swallowing.
eructation Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth.
esophageal cancer Malignant tumor of the esophagus
esophageal varices Swollen, twisted veins at the lower end of the esophagus.
etiology Study of the cause of disease.
flatus Gas expelled through the anus.
gastric cancer Malignant tumor of the stomach.
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach.
hematochezia Passage of bright red blood from the rectum.
hemorrhoids Swollen, twisted veins in the rectal and anal region.
hepatocellular carcinoma Tumor of the liver
herpetic stomatitis Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus.
hiatal hernia Protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm.
icterus Jaundice; yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.
idiopathic Pertaining to unknown cause of disease.
ileus Loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intesines.
inflammatory bowel disease Inflammation of the colon and small intestine.
inguinal hernia A small loop of the bowel protrudes through a weakened lower abdominal muscle.
intussusception Telescoping of the intestines.
irritable bowel syndrome Group of gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating), but without abnormalities in the intestines.
jaundice Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.
lipoma Benign tumor of fatty tissue.
melena Black, tarry stools; feces containing blood.
nausea Unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit.
oral leukoplakia White plaques or patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth.
pancreatic cancer Malignant tumor of the pancreas.
pancreatitis Inflammation of the pancreas.
peptic ulcer Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum.
periodontal disease Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone.
pyorrhea Discharge of pus from the gums.
ulcerative colitis Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers.
viral hepatitis Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus.
volvulus Twisting of the intestine on itself.
Created by: Momster
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