Middle Ages
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| Medieval | from the Latin for “middle age,” relating to the Middle Ages
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| Feudalism | a social system that existed in Europe during the Middle Ages where land is traded for loyalty and protection
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| Life under feudalism | Powerful Lords ; Constant Warfare
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| Why Feudalism? | The Fall of The Roman Empire; Weak Governments; Lack of taxation & money; Land = Wealth
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| King | a male ruler who inherits the position by right of birth
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| Lord | one who received land from the king in return for their services and loyalty
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| Knight | a warrior who served his lord as a mounted soldier on horseback
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| Page | seven year old boy who begins to train as a knight
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| Squire | fifteen year old young man in the middle of his training to be a knight
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| Chivalry | code of conduct in medieval Europe that require knights to be brave, loyal, and honest
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| Serf | a peasant who is legally bound to live and work on land owned by a lord
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| Fief | land granted by a powerful Lord to a vassal
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| Manor | self-sufficient estate of a medieval lord where most serfs live
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| self-sufficient | able to exist on one's own
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| Homage | Respect; loyalty
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| Keep | large stone structure of a castle where the noble family lives
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| Great Hall | large room in the keep of a castle where large dinners and banquets were held
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| Well | water source in a castle
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| Chapel | small church on the grounds of a castle
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| Kitchen | place on castle grounds where food was prepared
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| Barrack | place on castle grounds where knights slept
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| Stable | place on castle grounds where the knights' horses were kept
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| Tower | structure of the castle where the knights kept watch for attacking enemies
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| Gatehouse | structure of the castle which housed the portcullis
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| Drawbridge | structure of the castle which was raised and lowered to allow for passage over the moat
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| Moat | ditch filled with water that surrounded the castle for defensive purposes
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| Breakdown of Medieval Society | Hundred Years' War; Bubonic Plague
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| Magna Carta | English document signed in 1215 that included the rule of law, common law, and trial by jury
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| Bubonic Plague | A deadly disease that was carried by rats and fleas on trade ships between Asia and Europe.
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| Crusades | Series of wars fought between 1096-1291 where European Christians were called to drive the Muslims from the Holy Land and take control of Jerusalem
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| Charlemagne | In 800, he was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor by the pope. During his reign, education was a focus.
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| Habeus Corpus | Order to bring an arrested person before a judge or court
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Created by:
crogalny
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