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Middle Ages
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Medieval | from the Latin for “middle age,” relating to the Middle Ages |
| Feudalism | a social system that existed in Europe during the Middle Ages where land is traded for loyalty and protection |
| Life under feudalism | Powerful Lords ; Constant Warfare |
| Why Feudalism? | The Fall of The Roman Empire; Weak Governments; Lack of taxation & money; Land = Wealth |
| King | a male ruler who inherits the position by right of birth |
| Lord | one who received land from the king in return for their services and loyalty |
| Knight | a warrior who served his lord as a mounted soldier on horseback |
| Page | seven year old boy who begins to train as a knight |
| Squire | fifteen year old young man in the middle of his training to be a knight |
| Chivalry | code of conduct in medieval Europe that require knights to be brave, loyal, and honest |
| Serf | a peasant who is legally bound to live and work on land owned by a lord |
| Fief | land granted by a powerful Lord to a vassal |
| Manor | self-sufficient estate of a medieval lord where most serfs live |
| self-sufficient | able to exist on one's own |
| Homage | Respect; loyalty |
| Keep | large stone structure of a castle where the noble family lives |
| Great Hall | large room in the keep of a castle where large dinners and banquets were held |
| Well | water source in a castle |
| Chapel | small church on the grounds of a castle |
| Kitchen | place on castle grounds where food was prepared |
| Barrack | place on castle grounds where knights slept |
| Stable | place on castle grounds where the knights' horses were kept |
| Tower | structure of the castle where the knights kept watch for attacking enemies |
| Gatehouse | structure of the castle which housed the portcullis |
| Drawbridge | structure of the castle which was raised and lowered to allow for passage over the moat |
| Moat | ditch filled with water that surrounded the castle for defensive purposes |
| Breakdown of Medieval Society | Hundred Years' War; Bubonic Plague |
| Magna Carta | English document signed in 1215 that included the rule of law, common law, and trial by jury |
| Bubonic Plague | A deadly disease that was carried by rats and fleas on trade ships between Asia and Europe. |
| Crusades | Series of wars fought between 1096-1291 where European Christians were called to drive the Muslims from the Holy Land and take control of Jerusalem |
| Charlemagne | In 800, he was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor by the pope. During his reign, education was a focus. |
| Habeus Corpus | Order to bring an arrested person before a judge or court |
Created by:
crogalny
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