MBC 100 The Language of Medicine, Ch. 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| abdomen | Space in the body below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gall bladder and intestines.
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| abdominal cavity | Space in the body below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gall bladder and intestines.
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| adipose | pertaining to fat.
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| anabolism | Process of building up proteins in cells.
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| anterior | front surface of the body.
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| cartilage | flexible, connective tissue that is firmer than muscle, yet softer than bone.
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| catabolism | cellular process of breaking down of a complex substance into simple compounds; energy is released to do the work of the cell.
caudal
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| caudal | pertaining to the lower portion of an organ or structure.
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| cell membrane | thin and delicate structure surrounding a cell; allows materials to pass in and out.
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| cephalic | pertaining to the head
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| cervical | pertaining to the neck of the body or neck-like lower portion of the uterus.
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| chondroma | benign tumor of cartilage.
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| chondrosarcoma | Malignant, cancerous tumor of cartilage.
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| chromosome | Threadlike structure within the nucleus of a cell; contains genetic material (DNA)
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| coccygeal | Pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx.
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| coccyx | Tailbone.
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| cranial cavity | Space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull.
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| craniotomy | Incision of the skull.
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| cytoplasm | All of the substance of a cell other than the nucleus.
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| deep | Away from the surface of the body or an organ.
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| diaphragm | Muscular wall separating the chest and abdomen.
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| disk(disc) | Pad of cartilage between vertebrae.
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| distal | Pertaining to the beginning of a structure.
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| dorsal | Pertaining to the back, or posterior portion of the body.
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| endoplasmic reticulum | Network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell.
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| epigastric region | Middle upper region above the stomach.
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| epinephrine | Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland in response to stress and physical injury. Also called adrenaline.
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| epithelial cells | Cells arranged in layers and covering or lining a surface of the body.
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| frontal plane | Vertical plane passing through the body and dividing it into the front and back portions; coronal plane.
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| genes | Segments of DNA that determine heredity.
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| histology | Study of tissues.
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| hypochondriac region | Right and left upper regions beneath the ribs.
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| hypogastric region | Middle lower region of the abdomen.
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| iliac | Pertaining to the ilium, which is the right or left upper most portion of the hip bone.
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| inferior | Below another structure.
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| inguinal region | Right and left lower regions near the groin.
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| intervertebral | Pertaining to between the vertebrae (backbones).
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| intravenous | Pertaining to within a vein.
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| karyotype | Classification of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell determined by a photograph taken during cell division.
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| larynx | The voice box.
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| lateral | Pertaining to the side.
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| lumbar region | Right and left middle regions near the waist.
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| lumbosacral | Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions of the back.
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| medial | Pertaining to the middle or midline of the body.
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| mediastinum | Part of the thoracic (chest) cavity between the lungs.
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| metabolism | Chemical processes that occur in cells; including catabolism and anabolism.
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| mitochondria | Rod-like, thread-like, or granular structures in a cell; site of catabolism and release of energy.
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| nucleic | Pertaining to the nucleus.
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| nucleus | Central, controlling structure in cell; contains chromosomes with DNA (genetic material).
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| pelvic cavity | Pertaining to the space surrounded by the bones of the hip region.
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| peritoneum | Membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen.
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| pharynx | Throat
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| pituitary gland | Endocrine gland at the base of the brain
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| pleura | Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung.
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| pleural cavity | Space between the pleura surrounding each lung.
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| posterior | Pertaining to the back or dorsal side of the body or structure.
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| prone | Lying on the belly (face down).
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| proximal | Near the point of attachment or beginning of an organ.
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| sacral | Pertaining to the sacrum.
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| sagittal plane | Lengthwise vertical plane that divides the body int a right and left portion; lateral plane.
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| sarcoma | Tumor (malignant) of fleshy tissue such as bone, muscle, fat, and cartilage.
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| spinal cavity | Space within the spinal column (backbones) containing the spinal cord.
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| spinal column | Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity.
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| spinal cord | Nervous tissue within the spinal cavity.
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| superficial | On the surface of the body.
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| superior | Above another structure.
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| supine | Lying on the back.
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| thoracic cavity | Space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus and other organs.
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| thoracotomy | Incision of the chest.
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| thyroid gland | Endocrine gland in the neck on either side of the trachea.
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| trachea | Windpipe; tube leading from the larynx (voice box) to the bronchial tubes.
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| tracheal | Pertaining to the trachea.
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| transverse plane | Horizontal (cross-sectional) plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions.
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| umbilical region | Central regions near the navel.
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| ureter | One of two tubes carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
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| urethra | Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the b ody.
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| uterus | Muscular organ in a female that nourishes the developing embryo during pregnancy; womb.
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| ventral | Pertaining to the front or anterior of the body.
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| vertebra | Single backbone.
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| vertebrae | Backbones.
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| vertebral | Pertaining to backbones.
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| viscera | Internal organs.
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| visceral | Pertaining to internal organs.
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