Lymphatic and immune systems
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| What is lymph | Clear watery fliud that surronds the body cells and flows in vessels through out the body.
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| lymphatic system functions | Drainage system, absorbs lipids, assists imune systems
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| how do lymph nodes fight disease? | T- cells and B-cells
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| T Cells | produce antibodies in response to specific antigens
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| B Cells | Multiply rapidly to produce cells that destroy antignes
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| Adenoids | Masses of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx area (in throat near nasel cavity)
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| Tonsils | Masses of lymph tissue in the oropharynx area (the throat near back of mouth)
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| Spleen | Near the stomach, composed of lymph tissue, stores and elimantes blood cells, not essiental to life
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| Thymus gland | located in upper mediastinum between lungs, helps body protect it self from disese (immune)
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| Phagocytes | Migrate to infection an ingest bateria
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| Macrophages | move to clear dead cells after infection
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| Toxin | is poison, a protien produced by certian bacteria, animals or plants
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| active immunity | Reciving vaccinations, having a disease that produces anitbodies, or aquried thru a transfer of immune cells from a donor
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| passive immunity | antitoxins, immunoglobulins, maternal antibodies
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| immunoglobulin | antibodies that are secreted by plasma cells in humoral immunity
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| vaccine | weaken or kill microoganisms to induce immunity to infection or disease
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| vaccination | an introduction of altered antigens to produce an immune response and protection against disease
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| Dendritic cell | an important cell of the immune system, captures antigens and presents them to t cells
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| immun/o | Protection
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| Lymph/o | Lymph
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| Splen/o | Spleen
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| Ana | Again
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| inter | between
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| what are the 3 ways hiv may occur? | sexual contact, blood inoculation and passage of virus from infected mothers to newborns
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| cryptococcus | a yeast like fungus in lung, brian and blood infections
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| toxoplamosis | a parasitice infection involving the central nerve system
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| tolerance | self antigen
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| immunity | the bodys ability to resist forign organisms and toxinss
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| natural immunity | genetic preispostion present at birth ex. Natural killer cells, macrophages,phagocytosis
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| antibody | protien produced by b cell lymphocytes to destroy antigens
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| antigen | substance that the body recognizes as forign
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| aquried immunity | formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen. active and passive
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| tolereance | T lymphocytes learn to recoginze and accept the bodys own antigens as self or friendly
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| Iga, IgD, IgE, Igm | immunoglobulins
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| NA | Non applicible
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| Na | Sodium
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| Ng tube | nasogastric tube
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| NSAID | Non steroioal anit- inflammatiroy drug
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| O, O2 | Oxygen
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| os | Opening , bone
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| PALS | Perdiactric advanced life support
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| p.c | After meals 9post cibum)
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| Peg | percutionaous endoscopic gastrostomy(feeding tube placed in stomach)
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| per os | By mouth
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| PE tube | ventilating tube for eardrum
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| prep | prepare for
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| ante | before or forward
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| epi | pon, on above
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| eu | good, normal
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| hemi | half
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| hypo | under, deficency
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| what do lymph vessels do? | lead toward the thoratic cavity and empty into 2 large ducts iin the upper chest
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| what does the thoratic duct do? | drains lower body and left side of the head
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| what does the right lymphatic duct do? | drains the right side of head and chest
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| where does the thoratic duct and right lyphatic duct carry the lymph to? | the large veins in the neck where the lymph then enters the bloodstream
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| crytococcus | a yeast like fungas in the lung brain and bloodinfections.
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| toxoplasmosis | a parasitic infection involving the central nervous system
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| Allergy | abnormal hypersensivity to an antigen
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| atopic | hypersenitivity or allergic state
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| Anaphylaxis | exxagerated or unusal hypersensivity to a forign protien or other substance
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| Hodgkin disease | a maligant tumor of lymph tissue on the spleen and lymph nodes
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| what are the 4 stages of hodgkin diseases? | stage 1: involves ingles lymph node stage 2: involves 2 or more sites of same side of diaghram stage 3: involves diseade in both sides of diaphram stage 4: is widespread invilving the liver, bone marrow, lung and skin
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| Allergen | a forign substancce (antigen)
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| HIV | Human immunodeficency virus , a retro virus that causes aids
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| AIDs | Acquired immunodeficency syndrome, Caused by human immunodeficency virus
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| Kaposi Sarcoma | Maligent (cancerous) condition associated with aids, arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as bluish-red skin nodules
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| opportunistic infections | infectionoue disease associated with sids they occur becuase HIV infection lowers the bodys resistance and allows infection by bacteria and parasites that normally are easilly contained.
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| retrovirus | RNA virus that makes copies of itself by using the host cells DNA
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| Whats are some drugs used to treat AIds? | Protease inhibitor and revese transcriptase inhibitor
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| ELISA | Enzyne linked immunosorbent assay
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| CT Scan | Computerized xray imaging in the transverse plane
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| Gastr, Cardi, enter | Roots words
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| -itits, -ology, -ic | Suffixs
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| Gastr/o, cardi/o, enter/o | Combining vowels
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| Sub-, epi-, brady- | Prefixs
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| histologist | Study of tissue
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| Epithelial tissue | Covers outside of bosy and inner surface of internal organas
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| Connective tissue | connects to bone or muscle
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| Muscle tissue | allow for movement consiously or unconsicoulsy
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| Nervous tissue conducts | impulses all over the body
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| Abdominopelvic regions | Hypochondriac, epigastric, lumbar, umbilical, inguinal
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| Abdominopelvic quadrants | RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
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| Bacteria antigens | Streptococcus, Staphlococci
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| Streptococcus | Bacteria antigen thats berry shaped grows in twisted chains
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| Staphlococci | Bacteria antigen thats berry shaped and grows in twisted clusters
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| Erythocytes are also called what? | Red blood cells
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| Leukocytes are also called what? | White blood cells
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| Spenomegaly | lymph tissue occurs with high blood pressure in the hepatic veins (liver veins)
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| Antibodies | Protien substances made by white blood cells in response to antigens
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| Antibiotics | destroys in inhibits the growth of bacteria
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| invovment of single lymph node or group of nodes | stage 1 of hodgkin disease
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| Involvement of 2 or more sites on same side of diaphram, often involves medistinum | stage 2
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| Disease on both sides of diaphagm, may include spleen or localized extanodal disease | stage 3
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| widespread extralymphatic involvment (liver, bone marrow, lung, skin) | stage 4
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