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LM ch1-4 and 14
Lymphatic and immune systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is lymph | Clear watery fliud that surronds the body cells and flows in vessels through out the body. |
| lymphatic system functions | Drainage system, absorbs lipids, assists imune systems |
| how do lymph nodes fight disease? | T- cells and B-cells |
| T Cells | produce antibodies in response to specific antigens |
| B Cells | Multiply rapidly to produce cells that destroy antignes |
| Adenoids | Masses of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx area (in throat near nasel cavity) |
| Tonsils | Masses of lymph tissue in the oropharynx area (the throat near back of mouth) |
| Spleen | Near the stomach, composed of lymph tissue, stores and elimantes blood cells, not essiental to life |
| Thymus gland | located in upper mediastinum between lungs, helps body protect it self from disese (immune) |
| Phagocytes | Migrate to infection an ingest bateria |
| Macrophages | move to clear dead cells after infection |
| Toxin | is poison, a protien produced by certian bacteria, animals or plants |
| active immunity | Reciving vaccinations, having a disease that produces anitbodies, or aquried thru a transfer of immune cells from a donor |
| passive immunity | antitoxins, immunoglobulins, maternal antibodies |
| immunoglobulin | antibodies that are secreted by plasma cells in humoral immunity |
| vaccine | weaken or kill microoganisms to induce immunity to infection or disease |
| vaccination | an introduction of altered antigens to produce an immune response and protection against disease |
| Dendritic cell | an important cell of the immune system, captures antigens and presents them to t cells |
| immun/o | Protection |
| Lymph/o | Lymph |
| Splen/o | Spleen |
| Ana | Again |
| inter | between |
| what are the 3 ways hiv may occur? | sexual contact, blood inoculation and passage of virus from infected mothers to newborns |
| cryptococcus | a yeast like fungus in lung, brian and blood infections |
| toxoplamosis | a parasitice infection involving the central nerve system |
| tolerance | self antigen |
| immunity | the bodys ability to resist forign organisms and toxinss |
| natural immunity | genetic preispostion present at birth ex. Natural killer cells, macrophages,phagocytosis |
| antibody | protien produced by b cell lymphocytes to destroy antigens |
| antigen | substance that the body recognizes as forign |
| aquried immunity | formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen. active and passive |
| tolereance | T lymphocytes learn to recoginze and accept the bodys own antigens as self or friendly |
| Iga, IgD, IgE, Igm | immunoglobulins |
| NA | Non applicible |
| Na | Sodium |
| Ng tube | nasogastric tube |
| NSAID | Non steroioal anit- inflammatiroy drug |
| O, O2 | Oxygen |
| os | Opening , bone |
| PALS | Perdiactric advanced life support |
| p.c | After meals 9post cibum) |
| Peg | percutionaous endoscopic gastrostomy(feeding tube placed in stomach) |
| per os | By mouth |
| PE tube | ventilating tube for eardrum |
| prep | prepare for |
| ante | before or forward |
| epi | pon, on above |
| eu | good, normal |
| hemi | half |
| hypo | under, deficency |
| what do lymph vessels do? | lead toward the thoratic cavity and empty into 2 large ducts iin the upper chest |
| what does the thoratic duct do? | drains lower body and left side of the head |
| what does the right lymphatic duct do? | drains the right side of head and chest |
| where does the thoratic duct and right lyphatic duct carry the lymph to? | the large veins in the neck where the lymph then enters the bloodstream |
| crytococcus | a yeast like fungas in the lung brain and bloodinfections. |
| toxoplasmosis | a parasitic infection involving the central nervous system |
| Allergy | abnormal hypersensivity to an antigen |
| atopic | hypersenitivity or allergic state |
| Anaphylaxis | exxagerated or unusal hypersensivity to a forign protien or other substance |
| Hodgkin disease | a maligant tumor of lymph tissue on the spleen and lymph nodes |
| what are the 4 stages of hodgkin diseases? | stage 1: involves ingles lymph node stage 2: involves 2 or more sites of same side of diaghram stage 3: involves diseade in both sides of diaphram stage 4: is widespread invilving the liver, bone marrow, lung and skin |
| Allergen | a forign substancce (antigen) |
| HIV | Human immunodeficency virus , a retro virus that causes aids |
| AIDs | Acquired immunodeficency syndrome, Caused by human immunodeficency virus |
| Kaposi Sarcoma | Maligent (cancerous) condition associated with aids, arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as bluish-red skin nodules |
| opportunistic infections | infectionoue disease associated with sids they occur becuase HIV infection lowers the bodys resistance and allows infection by bacteria and parasites that normally are easilly contained. |
| retrovirus | RNA virus that makes copies of itself by using the host cells DNA |
| Whats are some drugs used to treat AIds? | Protease inhibitor and revese transcriptase inhibitor |
| ELISA | Enzyne linked immunosorbent assay |
| CT Scan | Computerized xray imaging in the transverse plane |
| Gastr, Cardi, enter | Roots words |
| -itits, -ology, -ic | Suffixs |
| Gastr/o, cardi/o, enter/o | Combining vowels |
| Sub-, epi-, brady- | Prefixs |
| histologist | Study of tissue |
| Epithelial tissue | Covers outside of bosy and inner surface of internal organas |
| Connective tissue | connects to bone or muscle |
| Muscle tissue | allow for movement consiously or unconsicoulsy |
| Nervous tissue conducts | impulses all over the body |
| Abdominopelvic regions | Hypochondriac, epigastric, lumbar, umbilical, inguinal |
| Abdominopelvic quadrants | RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ |
| Bacteria antigens | Streptococcus, Staphlococci |
| Streptococcus | Bacteria antigen thats berry shaped grows in twisted chains |
| Staphlococci | Bacteria antigen thats berry shaped and grows in twisted clusters |
| Erythocytes are also called what? | Red blood cells |
| Leukocytes are also called what? | White blood cells |
| Spenomegaly | lymph tissue occurs with high blood pressure in the hepatic veins (liver veins) |
| Antibodies | Protien substances made by white blood cells in response to antigens |
| Antibiotics | destroys in inhibits the growth of bacteria |
| invovment of single lymph node or group of nodes | stage 1 of hodgkin disease |
| Involvement of 2 or more sites on same side of diaphram, often involves medistinum | stage 2 |
| Disease on both sides of diaphagm, may include spleen or localized extanodal disease | stage 3 |
| widespread extralymphatic involvment (liver, bone marrow, lung, skin) | stage 4 |
Created by:
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