Digestive System
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What are the primary functions of the GI tract & accessory organs? | Break down food, absorption, eliminate waste
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Organ in which no digestion takes place. | Large Intestine
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What are the three components of the large intestine? | Cecum, Colon, Rectum
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What are the divisions of the colon? | Ascending, transverse, and descending
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Largest glandular organ in the body (3-4 lbs). Located beneath the diaphragm in the RUQ and LUQ of the abdominal cavity. Bile > digestion of fat. Maintains normal glucose levels. Destroys old erythrocytes. | Liver
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Inferior to the liver. Storage of bile which releases into duodenum. | Gallbladder
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Lies posterior and slightly inferior to the stomach. Endocrine gland: secretes insulin into blood stream. Exocrine gland: produces digestive enzymes. | Pancreas
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Esophag- | Esophagus
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Sial- | Salivary glands
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Pharyng- | Pharynx
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Gastr- | Stomach
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Pancreat- | Pancreas
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Splen- | Spleen
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Gloss-, Lingu- | Tongue
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Hepat- | Liver
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Ile- | Ileum
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Cholecyst- | Gallbladder
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Rect- | Rectum
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An- | Anus
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Proct- | Anus, rectum
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Duoden- | Duodenum
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Col-. colon- | Colon
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Sigmoid- | Sigmoid colon
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Or-, Stomato- | Mouth
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Gingiv- | Gums
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Chol- | Blie, gall
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Choledoch- | Bile duct
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Define: Diarrhea | Discharge or flow through
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Define: Anorexia | Without an appetite
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Define: Dysphagia | Swallowing, eating that is painful or difficult
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Define: Sublingual | Pertaining to under or below the tongue
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Define: Endoscopy | Visual examination within or in an organ
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Define: Hematemesis | Vomiting blood
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Define: Pancreatoma | Tumor of the pancreas
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Define: Gastroscope | Instrument for examining the stomach
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Define: Hepatomegaly | Enlargement of the liver
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Define: Enteropathy | Disease of the intestine (usually small intestine)
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Define: Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums
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Inflammation of t he appendix caused by obstruction or infection. RLQ | Appendicitis
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Acute inflammation of diverticulae inflammation. tenderness in LLQ. Bleeding possible. | Diverticulitis
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Formation or presence of gallstones within the gallbladder or bile ducts. Acute onset URQ abdominal pain that radiates to the shoulder and back. Tx: wave lithotripsy | Cholelithiasis
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Define: Anastomosis | connection between 2 vessels; surgical joining of 2 ducts, blood vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to the other.
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Define: Borborygmus | Audible abdominal south caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine
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Define: Cachexia | State of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting
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Define: Dysentery | Diarrhea containing blood and mucus
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Define: Cholecystography | Process of recording the gallbladder
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Define: Cholangiography | Process of recording a bile vessel
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