Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Root | Usually, but not always, indicate the body part involved
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| Combining Form | A root word with a vowel (o) at the end so that the suffix beginning with a consonant can be added
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| Suffix | Usually, but not always, indicates procedure, condition, disorder, disease
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| Prefix | Usually, but not always, indicates location of body part, number or status. Always come at the beginning of the word
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| cyan/o | means blue (skin discoloration caused by lack of oxygen)
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| erythr/o | means red
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| leuk/o | white
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| melan/o | means black (unusual dark pigment in body tissue or organs)
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| poli/o | means gray (viral infection of grey matter)
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| Path | means disease
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| -algia | means pain or suffering
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| -ology | means study of
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| Gastr | means stomach
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| -dynia | means pain
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| -malacia | means abnormal softening
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| -megaly | means abnormal enlargement
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| -necrosis | means tissue death
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| -sclerosis | means abnormal hardening
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| -stenosis | means abnormal narrowing
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| -centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid
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| -graphy | process of producing a picture or record
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| -gram | means picture or record
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| -plasty | surgical repair
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| -scopy | means visual examination
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| -rrhage | sudden, severe bleeding
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| -rrhaphy | surgical suturing (to close a wound and includes the use of sutures, staples or surgical glue)
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| -rrhea | flow or discharge
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| -rrhexis | means rupture
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| ab- | means away from
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| ad- | means towards or in the direction of
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| dys- | means bad, difficult, or painful
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| eu- | means good, normal, well, or easy
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| hyper- | means excessive or increased
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| hypo- | means deficient or decreased
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| inter- | means between
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| intra- | means within or inside
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| sub- | means under, less or below
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| super-, supra- | means above or excessive
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| ot/o | means ear
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| laryng/o | means larynx (throat)
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| arteri/o | means artery
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| -al | means pertaining to
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| -a (singular) ex: vertebra | -ae (plural) ex: vertebrae
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| -ex or -ix (singular) ex: appendix | -ices (plural) ex: appendices
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| -is (singular) ex: diagnosis | -es (plural) ex: diagnoses
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| -itits (singular) ex: arthritis | -ides (plural) ex: arthritides
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| -nx (singular) ex: phalanx | -ges (plural) ex: phalanges
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| -on (singular) ex: ganglion | -a (plural) ex: ganglia
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| -um (singular) ex: ovum | -a (plural) ex: ova
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| -us (singular) ex: alveolus | -i (plural) ex: alveoli
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| arther/o | means plaque or fatty substance
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| -oma | means tumor
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| -ectomy | means surgical removal
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| append | means appendix
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| -ostomy | means surgical creation of an artificial opening
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| -otomy | means cutting or surgical incision
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| Sign | objective evidence
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| Symptom | subjective evidence
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| prognosis | prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disorder
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| diagnosis | identification of the disease
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| acute | condition has a rapid onset, severe
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| chronic | long duration
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| remission | temporary disappearance of the symptoms without a cure
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| fissure | groove or crack-like sore of the skin
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| fistula | abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs
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| ileum | last and longest part of the small intestine
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| illium | hip bone (spelled with an i as in hip)
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| laceration | is a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut wound
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| lesion | pathologic change of tissues due to injury of disease
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| myc/o | fungus
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| -osis | abnormal condition
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| myel/o | bone marrow, also means spinal cord
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| my/o | muscle
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| -ologist | specialist
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| palpation | examination technique uses hands to feel texture, size, consistency of the body
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| palpitation | pounding or racing heart
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| prostate | male gland that lies under the urinary bladder and surrounds urethra
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| prostrate | to collapse and to be lying down flat or to be overcome with exhaustion
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| pyel/o | renal pelvis, part of the kidney
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| py/o | pus
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| pyr/o | fever or fire (pyrosis/heartburn)
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| supination | act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
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| suppuration | formation or discharge of pus
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| triage | medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment
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| trauma | wound or injury
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| vir | virus or poison
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| virile | having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
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