Louisiana Floral Examination Flash Cards - 2017
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| Tributes of Excellence | Distinction, Individuality, and Originality
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| Distinction | The Quality of Unique charm, taste and originality - "That Clear Decision" - which sets a designer apart and to which all persons strive to achieve.
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| Individuality | The expression of a designers personality.
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| Originality | The reflection of creative thinking, imagination, vision and interpretation,
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| Composition | The grouping of various parts that make up a design.
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| Suitability | The state of being appropriate to the circumstances and/or location
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| Line | The visual path the eye follows to produce motion.
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| Form | The shape or contour of the individual components in a composition.
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| Space | The element of design that is the opens areas around the individual components in a composition.
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| Positive Space | The area occupied by materials.
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| Negative Space | Open space with nothing occupying it.
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| Texture | Physical surface qualities of plant materials .
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| Pattern | The composition of the arrangement and size of the leaves, twigs or branches.
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| Primary Colors | Red, Yellow and Blue.
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| Secondary Colors | The mixture of any two Primary Colors.
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| Tertiary Colors | The mixture of a Secondary color and Primary Color.
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| Neutral Colors | {ire Back. White or Gray.
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| Color Harmony | The various usable or pleasing combinations of colors.
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| Hue | Red. Yellow and Green makes hues, regardless of quantity of black or white.
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| Chroma | Pure hue, undiluted with White, Black, or Gray.
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| Value | Lightness or Darkness of a Hue.
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| Tint | Any color which white has been added.
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| Shade | Color which black has been added.
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| Tone | A color grayed by its complement or addition of gray.
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| Monochromatic | Color scheme composed entirely of one hue.
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| Analogous | Three or more hues in sequence.
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| Complementary Colors | Colors opposite on the color wheel.
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| Slip Complementary | Secondary Colors opposite on the color wheel.
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| Triad | The combination of three hues that are equally spaced on the color wheel.
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| Tetrad | Any four colors equally spaced on the color wheel.
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| Polychromatic | Color harmony made up of many different hues.
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| Achromatic | Color harmony made up of neutral colors.
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| Balance | Strong chroma-vivid or darker values in the focal area and weaker values to the outside.
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| Proportion | The more dominate the color, the less it is used.
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| Interest | Dominance and transition will be gained by the percentages, and rhythm will be created by the variation in amounts.
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| Size | The measurement of the amount of space something occupies, much as a design or a composition of a design.
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| Proportion | The relationship of one part to another or of one part to the whole design in size.
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| Scale | The relative ratio of the size of the composition to its surroundings.
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| Balance | The state of equilibrium and is achieved when the components of a design is composted giving a feeling of stability and security.
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| Symmetrical Balance | Formal, manamade and characterize by perfect symmetry. Perfect mirror image on both sides.
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| Asymmetrical Balance | Natural, informal and it is not a mirror image of both sides.
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| Mechanical | Structural balance gained by proper placement of main stems forming design or pattern.
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| Visual Balance | The selection of correct sizes of materials and the use of color and texture.
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| Dominance | Visual organization of a design that emphasizes one or more aspects.
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| Focal Area/Focal Point | Area of greatest visual impart of weight; center of interest that naturally attracts the eye.
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| Accent | Detail added to a design that enhances interest and emphasizes other stronger elements.
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| Emphasis | An area in a composition that is given important to make it stand out.
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| Rhythm | Visual movement throughout a design, usually achieved by mean of repetition or gradation.
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| Depth | Placement of materials at different levels in and around an arrangement.
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| Repetition | Repeating or like elements which in a composition.
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| Transition | The easy visual movement that comes from gradual degrees of change in the composition. Small to large, Light to dark.
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| Harmony | The aesthetic qualities created through the pleasing interaction of a combination of components in a composition.
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| Unity | Oneness of purpose, thought, style and spirit. The organization of components into a harmonious composition.
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| Contrast | The difference between objects when they are placed next to each other.
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| Variation | Basic similarities with minor differences.
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| Opposition | Total contrast that brings about contradiction in design.
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| Tension | A dynamic aesthetic quality expressing action or the force of energy within a design using skillful contrast.
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| Radial | Materials arranged like rays coming from a common center.
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| Parallel | Two or more lines that have the same direction and with continuous equal space in between.
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| Abstract | Non-realistic placement of the stems with no relation to a growth point or water source.
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| Integrated | Steam placement that is weaved together to make up a composition.
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| Vegetative Design | Naturalistic design style which flowers and plant materials are place in the way they grow.
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| Geometric Design | A composition with a definite geometric shape composed of line, mass or line-mass concepts with radial stem placement.
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| Radiating Lines - Fan Shaped | Radial Lines which are placed so that they create a fan shape.
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| Radiating Lines - Crescent Shaped | Radial Lines which are placed so that why create a half circle.
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| "S" Curve - Hogarth Curve | Radial Lines which are placed so that they create an "S" shape.
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| Triangular Design | Secondary geometrical shapes that are triangular in design, they can both symmetrical or asymmetrical.
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| Symmetrical Triangle | A triangle design that has perfect symmetry. Both sides are mirror images.
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| Symmetrical Cone Triangle | A design that is cone in shape, like a pyramid, although may be round in shape.
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| Asymmetrical Triangle | A triangle design that doesn't have perfect symmetry. Both sides do not have a mirror image.
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| Asymmetrical Triangle - Right Angle | A triangle design where its tallest radial stem is placed to the right. The composition creates a 90 degree angle.
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| Asymmetrical Triangle - Scalene | A triangle design whose angles are unequal.
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| Vertical Design | An arrangement in which vertical lines are used.
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| Horizontal Design | An arrangement that is low and spreads outward, good for mantels and dining room tables.
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| Formalinear Design | A asymmetrically balanced design of interesting materials, each of this is few in number and is grouped together. An arrangement that emphasizes forms and lines.
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| Parallel Design | An arrangment in which the individual stems or groups of stems are placed in the same direction and are always the same distance apart.
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| Free Form Design | The self of creative design inspired by unconventional ideas, stems and patterning. Yet adhering to the elements and principles of design.
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| Interpretive Design | The organization of design elements that suggest a given theme, idea, occasion, mood or atmosphere.
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| Realistic Interpretive Design | Designs that are dictated by nature and tradition, though free of geometric pattern and its rules of organization.
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| Non-Realistic Interpretive Design | The unusual use of materials producing form that is striking and bizarre, with no illusion to reality; approaching abstract.
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| Abstract Design | Non-realistic use of natural or man-made materials solely as elements of pure line, forma, color, texture, in space, to create new images. Gives form to vision by expressing emotion through an intellectual process.
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| Accessories | Objects that accent the composition. Items necessary for the completion of harmonizing.
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| The for major groups of glower types: | Line, Mass, Form and Filler.
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| Line Flowers: | Erect, tall spikes of blossoms with florets blooming along the stem. (Stock, Bells of Ireland, Gladiolus)
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| Mass Flowers: | A Single stem with one solid head. Placed toward the focal point, adding frame work of linear materials. (Rose, Carnation, Gerber Daisy)
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| Form Flowers: | Distinctive in shape, used in the focal area. (Orchid, Lily, Anthurium)
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| Filler Flowers: | Either multi branched or feathery, used to "fill in" arrangements (Babies Breath, Spray Aster)
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| Foliage Forms: | Strong characteristic foliage used to add volume to an arrangement.
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| Line Foliage: | Adds strength and vitality, enhances line and adds softness. (Eucalyptus)
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| Mass Foliage: | Gives volume and adds weight to a composition. (Chamadorea wide/narrow)
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| Form Foliage: | Value is added with distinctive shape and brilliant colors. (Philodendron, Strelitzia, Spiral Eucalyptus)
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| Filler Foliage: | Used primarily for background and to "fill in" compositions. (Leather leaf, Tree Fern, Huckleberry)
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| Production | Post-harvesting lasting qualities of cut flowers. the processing and procedures that growers produce cut flowers.
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| Environmental Factors: | Spacing, Light intensity and temperature.
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| Transpiration: | The natural loss of water in plants and flowers.
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| Floral Food: | Food source, added to water it provides and energy source to cut flowers.
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| 34-36 degrees | Temperature for Roses, Gardenias and Carnations
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| 38-42 degrees | Temperature for Lilies, Gladioli and Chrysanthemums
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| 55-60 degrees | Temperature for tropical flowers (Birds of Paradise_
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| 36-40 degress | Temperature that accommodates most flowers
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| Ethylene Gas | A gas produced by damaged foliage and diseased tissue on flowers and plants.
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| Microbial Activity | Bacterial organisms produced when plugging the the stem of a cut flower. This severely reduces the intake of water.
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| What flower is conditioned separately? | Daffodils
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| Floral Foam | Most common mechanic, also known as "wet foam". This foam soaks in water holding it to be used as the primary water source for arrangements in containers.
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| Dry Foam | Commonly used for silks and dried flower arrangements.
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| Styro Foam | Used as a foundation for ilk flowers.
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| Floral Cages | Different types of games that hold floor foam and dry foam with a plastic grid.
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| Grid Lids/Tape Lids | Plastic grid lids that snap into place over the container opening, providing a series of small square opening to hold up stems. The same practice can be made with tape.
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| Pin/Needle Holders | Metal mechanic frequently used in Oriental designs.
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| Chicken Wire | A container mechanic made of mesh chicken wire. Cut flowers fit through the holes of the mesh.
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| Hardware Cloth | Another type of wire mesh that may be used and cut to specific lengths. It may be crinkled over the lip of the container to stay in place.
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