Structures
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| What are other names for for the Digestive System? | Gastrointestinal Tract, Digestive Tract, Alimentary Tract (30ft)
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| What is another name for the Oral cavity? | Buccal Cavity
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| What are the Structures of the Oral Cavity? | Lips, Cheeks, Hard palate, Soft palate, Uvula, Tongue
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| What is the tongues function? | Sense of taste and assists in chewing and swallowing.
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| What is mastication? | Chewing
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| What is deglutition? | Swallowing
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| What are the 3 Salivary glands? | Parotids, Submandibulars, Sublinguals
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| What's the function of the salivary glands? | Secrete saliva that contains digestive enzymes to aid in the digestive process.
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| What is Amylase? | Aids in the digestion of carbohydrates(enzyme in saliva)
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| What is Lipase? | Aids in the digestion of fats(enzyme in saliva)
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| What's the purpose of the Pharynx? | Serves as a passageway for the respiratory and digestive system.
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| What's the Oropharynx? | Section leading away from the oral cavity.
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| What's the Nasopharynx? | Portion of pharynx behind nasal cavity.
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| What's the Laryngopharynx? | Lower portion of the pharynx that opens into the esophagus and larynx.
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| What's the function of the Esophagus? | Recieves food from pharynx and propels it to the stomach.
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| What's the function of the cardiac sphincter(lower esophageal sphincter)? | Controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach.
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| What's the Fundus? | Upper rounded portion of the stomach
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| What's the Body(of the stomach)? | The central portion
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| What's the Pylorus? | Lower tubular area(gastric antrum)
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| What are Rugae? | Folds in mucous membranes of the stomach
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| What's the function of the Pyloric sphincter? | Regulates the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum
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| What is the function of the stomach? | Gastric juices break down the food and the muscular action causes churning of food.
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| What is Chyme? | Liquid mixture of partially digested food and digestive secretions.
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| What's another name for the small intestine? | Small bowel(20ft)
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| What are the 3 parts the small intestine divided into? | Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
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| What's the function of the small intestine? | Completes the digestive process through absorption, increased by the presence of villi(finger like projections)
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| What are the structures of the Large intestine? | Cecum, Ascending colon, Transverse colon, Descending colon, Sigmoid colon, Rectum, Anus
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| What does the Cecum contain? | The appendix hangs from the lower portion of the Cecum.
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| What does the Ascending colon contain? | Hepatic flexure
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| What does the transverse colon contain? | Splenic flexure
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| Where is the liver located? | Immediately under the diaphragm slightly to the right.
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| What's the livers digestive function? | Produce bile for emulsification of fats in the small intestine
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| What are the additional functions of the liver? | Excrete bile pigments into bile, synthesis of vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins, amino acid, carbs, and fat metabolism, phagocytosis, detoxification, and storage of vital nutrients such as glucose.
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| Where is the gallbladder located? | The pear shaped sac under the surface of the liver
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| What is the gallbladders main function? | To store and concentrate bile
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| What does bile do? | Emulsifies fat
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| Where is the pancreas located? | The upper left quadrant of the abdomen behind the stomach
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| What does the pancreas function as? | The endocrine and exocrine gland
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| What's the function of the exocrine gland? | Manufacture digestive juices. Contains a duct to transport hormones and enzymes.
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| What is Trypsin? | Digestive juice that breaks down proteins
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| What is Pancreatic lipase? | Digestive juice that breaks down fats
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| What is Pancreatic amylase? | Digestive juice that breaks down carbs
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| What is Sodium bicarbonate? | Digestive juice that neutralizes acidic stomach contents
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| What's the function of the endocrine gland? | Manufacture insulin and glucagon. Is ductless just throws enzymes and hormones into blood
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| What is insulin? | Hormone that allows glucose to pass from blood through cell membranes to be used for energy. Promotes conversion of excess glucose into glycogen
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| What is Glucagon? | Hormone that stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose when needed.
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| What is the primary responsibility of teeth? | Mastication(chewing) food Is ground by teeth and softened by saliva
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| What's another name for the primary teeth? | Deciduous teeth or milky teeth
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| How many primary teeth are there? | 20
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| What's another name for secondary teeth? | Permanent teeth and they begin to appear around 6 years
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| What are Incisors? | Teeth with chiseled shape and sharp edges for biting food
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| What are Canines(cuspid teeth)? | Teeth that are used for grasping and tearing food
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| What are the Bicuspids(premolars) and Molars? | Teeth with flat surfaces and multiple projections for crushing and grinding food.
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| What are the structures of teeth? | Crown, neck, root, and root canal
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| What is the crown? | Visible part of tooth covered with enamel which is the hardest substance in the body
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| What is the neck? | Lies beneath the gum line
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| What is the root? | Embedded in the bony socket of the jaw bone
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| What is the root canal? | CENTRAL core of the tooth
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