Med Term CH1 Introduction
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| -algia | pain, suffering
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| dys- | bad, difficult, or painful
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| -ectomy | surgical removal, cutting out
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| hyper- | excessive, increased
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| hypo- | deficient, decreased
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| -itis | inflammation
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| -osis | abnormal condition, disease
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| -ostomy | cutting, surgical incision
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| -plasty | surgical repair
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| -rrhage | bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge
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| -rrhaphy | surgical suturing
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| -rrhea | flow or discharge
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| -rrhexis | rupture
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| -sclerosis | abnormal hardening
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| word root | basic meaning of word, usually body part
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| combining form | word root w/ combining vowel
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| suffix | end of word, usually procedure, condition, disorder, or disease
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| prefix | beginning of word, usually indicates location, time, number, or status
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| gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
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| Neuroplasty | surgical repair of a nerve
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| Neurorrhaphy | suturing together the ends of a severed nerve
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| cyan/o | blue
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| erythr/o | red
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| leuk/o | white
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| melan/o | black
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| poli/o | gray
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| cyanosis | blue discoloration of skin
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| erythrocyte | mature red blood cell
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| leukocyte | white blood cell
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| melanosis | any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs
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| poliomyelitis | viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord
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| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils
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| tonsillectomy | surgical removal of the tonsils
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| cranium | portion of skull that encloses brain
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| cardiac | pertaining to the heart
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| gastrosis | any disease of the stomach
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| pathology | study of all aspects of diseases
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| gastralgia | stomachache, pain in the stomach
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| gastrodynia | pain in the stomach
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| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach
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| hepatomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the liver
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| gastr | stomach
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| dynia | pain
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| enter | small intestines
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| neur/o | nerve
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| -plasty | surgical repair
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| tonsill | tonsils
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| -ectomy | surgical removal
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| crani | skull
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| cardi | heart
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| -ac | pertaining to
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| -osis | abnormal condition or disease
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| path | disease
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| -ology | study of
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| -algia | pain and suffering
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| -megaly | enlargement
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| hepat/o | liver
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| -malacia | abnormal softening
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| arteriomalacia | abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries
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| arteri/o | artery
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| -sclerosis | abnormal hardening
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| -necrosis | tissue death
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| arterionecrosis | tissue death of an artery or arteries
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| -stenosis | abnormal narrowing
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| arteriostenosis | abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries
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| -centesis | surgical procedure to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid
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| abdominocentesis | surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
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| -graphy | process of producing a picture or record
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| angiography | process of producing radiographic study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make the vessels visible
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| angi/o | blood vessel
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| -plasty | surgical repair
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| myoplasty | surgical repair of a muscle
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| -scopy | visual examination
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| arthroscopy | visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
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| -rrhage | sudden and severe bleeding
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| -rrhagia | sudden and sever bleeding
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| hemmorrhage | loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
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| hem/o | blood
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| -rrhaphy | surgical suturing to close a wound and includes the use of sutures, staples, or surgical glue
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| myorrhaphy | surgical suturing of a muscle wound
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| my/o | muscle
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| -rrhea | flow or discharge & refers to flow of most body fluids
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| diarrhea | frequent flow of loose or watery stools
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| dia- | through
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| myorrhexis | rupture of a muscle
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| -rrhexis | rupture
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| natal | pertaining to a birth
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| nat | birth
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| -al | pertaining to
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| prenatal | the time and events before birth
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| pre- | before
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| perinatal | the time and events surrounding birth
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| peri- | surrounding
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| ab- | away from, negative, absent
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| ad- | toward, to, in the direction of
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| dextr/o | right side
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| sinistr/o | left side
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| ex- | out of, outside, away from
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| in- | in, into, not, without
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| macro- | large, abnormal size, or long
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| micr/o, micro- | small
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| mega-, megal/o | large, great
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| olig/o | scanty, few
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| post- | after, behind
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| postnatal | time and events after birth
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| abnormal | not normal or away from normal
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| eu- | good, normal, well, or easy
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| addiction | being drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug or substance
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| dysfunctional | an organ or body part that is not working properly
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| eupnea | easy or normal breathing
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| hypertension | higher-than-normal blood pressure
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| hypotension | lower-than-normal blood pressure
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| interstitial | between, but not within, the parts of a tissue
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| intramuscular | within the muscle
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| intra- | within or inside
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| sub- | under, less, below
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| subcostal | below a rib or ribs
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| super-, supra- | above or excessive
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| supracostal | above or outside the ribs
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| otorhinolaryngology | study of the ears, nose, throat. ENT
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| rhin/o | nose
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| laryng, laryng/o | throat
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| -ology | study of
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| lithotomy | surgical incision for the removal of a stone
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| lith | stone
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| -otomy | surgical incision
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| edema | swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body
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| appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix
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| appendic | appendix
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| arteri/o | artery
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| endarerial | pertaining to the interior lining of an artery
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| ather/o | plaque or fatty substance
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| atheroma | fatty deposit w/in the wall of an artery
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| -oma | tumor
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| arthr/o | joint
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| arthralgia | pain in a joint or joints
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| -ectomy | surgical removal
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| appendectomy | surgical removal of the appendix
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| append | appendix
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| -ostomy | surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
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| colostomy | surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening btw the colon and body surface
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| col | colon
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| -otomy | cutting or a surgical incision
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| colotomy | surgical incision into the colon
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| sign | objective evidence of a disease, such as fever
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| objective (objective sign) | can be evaluated or measured by patient or others
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| symptom | subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or headache
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| subjective (subjective sign) | can be evaluated or measured only by patient
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| syndrome | set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
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| diagnosis | identification of a disease
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| diagnose | process of reaching a diagnosis
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| differential diagnosis (D/DX) | aka rule out (R/O) - attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present
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| prognosis | prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease
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| acute condition | rapid onset, sever course, and a relatively short duration
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| chronic condition | long duration - can be controlled, but rarely cured
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| remission | temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease w/out having achieved a cure
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| disease | condition which one or more body parts are not functioning normally
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| eponym | disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered/ described it
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| acronym | word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term
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| Laser acronym | light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
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| fissure | groove or crack-like sore of the skin or normal folds in the contours of the brain
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| fistula | abnormal passage, usually btw 2 interal organs or leading from an organ to surface of body. May be due to surgery, injury, or draining of abscess.
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| ileum | last and longest portion of small intestine
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| ilium | part of hip bone
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| malaise | feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that's often 1st sign of infection or disease
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| exudate | fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound
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| inflammation | localized response to injury or to destruction of tissues caused by extra blood flowing into area as part of healing process
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| Key indicators of inflammation | 1) hyperthermia (heat), 2) erythema (redness), 3) edema (swelling), 4) pain
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| laceration | torn or jagged wound or accidental cut
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| lesion | pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
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| mucous | specialized membranes that line body cavities
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| mucus | fluid secreted by mucous membranes
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| myc/o | fungus
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| mycosis | abnormal condition or disease caused by fungus
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| myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord
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| myelopathy | any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord
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| -pathy | disease
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| my/o | muscle
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| myopathy | pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue
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| -ologist | specialist
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| dermatologist | physician that specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
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| dermat | skin
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| -ology | study of
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| neonatology | study of disorders of the newborn
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| palpation | examination technique
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| palpitation | pounding or racing heart
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| pyel/o | renal pelvis, which is part of kidney
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| pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis
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| py/o | pus
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| pyoderma | any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo
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| pyr/o | fire or fever
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| pryosis | heartburn
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| supination | act of rotating arm so palm of hand is forward or upward
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| suppuration | formation or discharge of pus
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| triage | medical screening of patients to determine relative priority of care
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| trauma | wound or injury from accident, shooting, natural disaster, fire
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| viral | peratining to a virus
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| vir | virus
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| virile | having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
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| MS | can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate
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| QD and QOD | daily and every other day
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| U | unit
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