WVSOM -- SKIN -- Bacterial skin and soft tissue infections
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| how do bathing habits affect bacterial infections? | too much antibactiral soap kills normal flora
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| who do bacteria help prevent infections by pathogens? | take up spaces on skin that could be taken by a pathogen
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| what colonizes dry areas? | gram - cocci and aerobic/anaerobic diphteroids
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| what colonizes moist areas? | faculatative and anaerobic gram-neg rods
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| why do bedridden patients tend to increase in gram-geg rods? | fiber nectin receptors become diminished which allows for gram-neg to grow; why opportunistic diseases occur in hospitals
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| what are the most frequent bacterial pathogens? | S aureus and S. pyogenes
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| what is propionibacterium acnes? | resident flora; gram + rods; clogs sebum and causes acne
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| S. epidermidis? | gram + cocci; resident flora
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| Waht is micrococcus sp? | gram + cocci; resident flora
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| What is corynecacterium sp? | Gram + rods; diphteroids; resident flora
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| What is lactobacillus? | gram positive rods; normal flora
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| what are commmon exogenous S. aureus infections? | abscesses, toxic shock adn bacteremia
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| what are frequent exogenous S. pyogenes infections? | cellulitis, lymphangitis
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| What exogenous infection does H. influenzae cause? | cellulitis
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| how is H. influenze seen under microscopy? | gram - rods
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| What exogenous infections does E. coli cause? | bed sores
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| What exogenous infections does C. perfringins caue? | gas gangrene
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| how is C. perfringins transmitted? | trauma. found in soil
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| what does Francisella tularensis cause? | tularemia (gram - rods)
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| what does P. aeruginosa cause/ | hot tub infection
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| what does P. cepacia cause? | foot rot
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| waht does M. mariun cause? | "fish tank cellulitis" (acid fast)
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| what does M. leprae cause? | leprosy (acid-fast)
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| who do bacteria gain entry to cause exogenous infections? | entry thru tiny abrasions in skin; maceration helps gain excess; trauma; hosptial procedures; pressure injury; compromised blood supply; decubitous ulcer
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| what is maceration | moisture trapped against skin
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| what bacteria is seen in decubitus ulcer? | mixed infection of S. aureus, S. pyogenes adn enteric organism
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| What skin infection does H. influenza cause? | conjunctivites; early cellulitis
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| What is diabetic foot? | a mixed bacterial infection
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| what are some endogenous infections that result in skin rashes? | primary syphallis, diabetic foot, conjunctivitis, leprocy, meninococemia, secondary syphallis, rocky mountain spotted fever, gonococal septicemia, toxic shock, scarlet fever, sckaled skin
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| What bacteria is responsible for syphalis? | treponema pallidum
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| what skin problems does primary syphilis cause? | lesions
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| what is seen on the skin with lepracy | skin infections resulting in scaring
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| How does meningococcemia cause skin lesion? | from blood stream or by direct extension of an infection site deep within the tissues
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| Where is secondary syphillis most often seen? | prisons
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| what bacteria causes Gonococcal septicemia cause? | Neisseria gonnorrhoeae
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| what bacteria causes toxic shock? | S. aureus
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| what causes rash in toxic shock syndrome? | toxin release
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| what bacteria causes scarlet fever? | toxin from S. pyogenes
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| what causes scalded skin syndrome? | toxin form S. aureus
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| what skin problems are seen form noninfectious and secondary to septicemia or other sytemic infections? | hemorrhages and petechiae
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| What is the licial name for epidermal bacterial infections? | impetigo, folliculitis, ecthyma gangranosom
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| what bacteria causes impetigo? | grp A strep adn S. aureus
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| what bacteria causes folliculitis | a. aureus and P. aeruginosa
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| what bacteria causes ecthyma gangranossom? | P. aeruginosa
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| What skin in fectino is seen in the dermis? | erysipelas
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| what causes erysipelas? | grop A strep
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| What do absesses of the fat and dermis cause? | furuncle and carbuncle
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| what bacteria causes abscesses? | S. aureus
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| What bacteria cause cellulitis? | group A strep and/or S. aeureus
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| where is necrotizing fasciitis seen? | in fat and fascia
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| what bacteria causes necrotizing fascitis? | mixed anaerobic and faculative organisms; group A strep
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| what is myonecrosis? | infection of muscle (gas gangrene)
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| what bacteria causes clostidial myonecrosis? | C. perfringens
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| What is the most common skin disorder/ | acne vulgaris
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| what causes acne vulgaris? | excessive sebum production secondary to androgen stimulation
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| What causes abnormal follicular plugging? | abnormal follicular keratinization
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| what is Erysipelas? | infection that rapidly invades adn spreads thru the lymph. Produces overlying skin streaking and regional lymph node swelling and tenderness; occurs most time on legs
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| what bacteria causes lymphangitis? | s. pyogenes
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| What does V. vulnificius cause? | hemorrhagic cellulitis
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| how do people get hemorrhagic cellulitis? | eating raw oysters
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| What causes streptococcal cellulitis? | S. pyogenes
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| what causes sycosis barbae? | S. aureus; infection of hairs of the beard
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| what is a carbuncle? | series of boils that have coalesced together
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| what is hidradentis suppurativa? | S. aureus infection of the apocrine sweat glands; usually in groin but can be in arm pits; apocrine glands swell and rupture
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| what is erythrasma? | corynebacterium minutissum; presents like candida and difficult to differentitate
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| What causes ecthyma gangranosum? | pseudomonas aeuginosa
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| what bacteria is tranfered from cat and dog bites? | Pasteurella multocida (gram - rods)
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| What is cat scratch fever? | Bartenella henselae (gram - aerobic rods); causes bacillary angiomatosis in Immunocompromised
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| what is bacillary angiomatosis? | knots of capillaries
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