Nervous System Vocab Chapter 8
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Aphasia | Inability to speak
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| Ataxia | Without muscular coordination
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| Aura | sensation experienced before seizure
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| Bradykinesia | abnormally slow movement
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| Contracture | permanent shortening of a muscle; physical deformity
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| Diplopia | Double vision; also called ambiopia
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| Dyslexia | reading impairment; letters and words are reversed
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| Hemiparesis | slight or partial paralysis of one half of the body
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| Hemiplegia | paralysis of one half of the body
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| Hyperkinesis | excessive muscular movement and physical activity; hyperactivity
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| Lethargy | state of being sluggish
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| nuchal rigidity | neck is resistant to flexion
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| Paraplegia | paralysis of the lower extremities and trunk
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| Paresthesia | sensation of numbness or tingling
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| Quadriplegia | paralysis of all 4 extremities and trunk
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| Sciatica | inflammation of the sciatic nerve
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| Stupor | state of lethargy
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| Alzheimer's Disease | deterioration of a person's intellectual functioning; 3 stages, aggressive, most common form of dementia
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| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | Lou Gehrig's Disease; motor neuron disease in which nerve cells gradually break down and die; muscle twitching and weakness in limb, or slurred speech; no cure and fatal
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| Anencephaly | an absence of the brain and spinal cord at birth; a congenital disorder
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| Bells' Palsy | temporary or permanent unilateral weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the face
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| Brain Abscess | localized accumulation of pus located anywhere in the brain tissue due to an infectious process
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| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | is a pinching or compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel due to inflammation and swelling of the tendons
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| Cerebral Concussion | mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI); brief interruption of brain function; usually loss of consciousness lasting a few seconds
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| Cerebral Contusion | a bruise of the brain tissue; occurs in 20-30% of severe head injuries, frequently associated with cerebral edema
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| Cerebral Palsy | caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement, balance and posture; occurs in about 2.1 per 1,000 births, abnormal muscle tone, reflexes or motor development and coordination
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| Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) | involves death of specific portion of brain tissue due to lack o f oxygen when the blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of an artery; stroke
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| Degenerative Disk | deterioration of the intervertebral disk, usually due to constant motion and wear on the disk
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| Encephalitis | inflammation of the brain; viral infections are the most common cause; no symptoms or mild flu-like symptoms
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| Epilepsy | syndrome of recurring episodes of excessive irregular electrical activity of the brain; seizures
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| Grand Mal Seizure | epileptic seizure; sudden loss of consciousness; involuntary muscular contraction; rigid body extension; alternating contracting and relaxing of muscles
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| Petit Mal Seizure | small seizure; temporary loss of consciousness lasting a few seconds; also known as absence seizure
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| Guillain-Barre Syndrome | acute polyneurtitis of the PNS in which the myelin sheaths on the axons are destroyed
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| Headache (Cephalagia) | involves pain anywhere within the cranial cavity
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| Migraine Headache | is a recurring, pulsating vascular headache; usually develops on one side of the head
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| Cluster Headache | occurs typically 2 or 3 hours after falling asleep; extreme pain around one eye that awakens a person; most painful type
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| Tension Headache | generally diffuse, mild to moderate head pain described as feeling like a tight band around head; most common headache
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| Hematoma, Epidural | collection of blood located above the dura mater and just below the skull
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| Hematoma, Subural | collection of blood below the dura mater and above the arachnoid layer of the meninges
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| Herniated Disk | rupture or herniation of the disk center through the disk wall and into the spinal canal
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| Huntington's Chorea | inherited neurological disease; rapid, jerky, involuntary movements and increasing dementia
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| Hydrocephalus | an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, resulting in increased head size with open fontanel; congenital disorder
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| Meningitis (Acute Bacterial) | inflammation of the meninges; caused by infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord; typical symptom is nuchal rigidity
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| Multiple Sclerosis | disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord;
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| Narcolepsy | rare syndrome of uncontrolled sudden attacks of sleep
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| Parkinson's Disease | degenerative, slowly progressive deterioration of nerves in the brain stem's motor system; tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability
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| Shingles (Herpes Zoster) | acute viral infection seen mainly adults who have had chicken pox; painful
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| Neurolgia | special type of connective tissue for the NS, support for neurons, do not conduct impulses, protect neuron through phagocytosis
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| Neuron | actual nerve cell
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| Spastic Cerebral Palsy | most common type of CP; damage to the cortex of the brain; causing tense muscles and irritable muscle tone
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| Status Epilepsy | a dangerous condition in which epileptic seizures follow one another without recovery of consciousness between them
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| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater surrounding the brain (from an aneurysm or head injury)
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| The space between the dura mater and the arachnoid that contains lubricating fluid... | Subdural
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| This area lies between the lungs on the midsagittal plane and contains several organs and structures..... | Mediastinum
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