Chapter 14&15 APWH
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| What percentage of the western European population was rural during the late Middle Ages? | 90%
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| Western Europeans of the later Middle Ages referred to themselves as | latins
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| What caused the end of serfdom in western Europe? | the black death
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| The Bubonic Plague was brought to Europe by | Genoese traders
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| The three-field system was | an agricultural method
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| By the time it subsided | the Black Death had killed;one out of three western Europeans
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| Windmills and watermills | had long been common in the Islamic world
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| In Europe's later Middle Ages the rapid growth of industry resulted in environmental changes such as | The continued growth of trade and manufacturing after 1200 resulted in
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| The growth of metal working industries in the Middle Ages was due to | watermills
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| The crucial factor to the growth of cities was | increased trade
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| Marco Polo's goal was to | travel to the Mongol capital
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| The predominant city for trade with the Far East during the Middle Ages was | Venice
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| Which of the following is not true of trading cities in Europe during the Middle Ages? | They were unable to produce products to compete with Asian products
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| How did the rise of medieval Islam give trade in the Indian Ocean an important boost? | The Muslim cities in the Middle East provided a demand for commodities; Networks of Muslim traders tied the region together;The Muslim traders shared a common ethic language and law;Muslim traders actively spread their religion to distant trading cities
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| What official role did the Catholic Church play in the persecution of Jews in medieval Europe | It played no official role in the persecution
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| A guild was | an association of craft specialists from the same trade
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| One of the most significant growth industries in the 14th century was | merchant banking
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| The Hanseatic League was based in | Germany
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| Which of the following is true of merchant banking in the fifteenth century | Checking accounts
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| What "architectural wonder" first made its appearance in France on or about the year 1140 C |
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| E | Gothic cathedrals
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| Which of the following is not a distinctive feature of the Gothic cathedral | Domes
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| The Renaissance began in | northern Italy
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| Some of the "lost knowledge" of the Greek and Arab world came into the Latin West through | the recapture of southern Italy from the Byzantines and of Sicily and Toledo from the Muslims
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| Before they were expelled in 1492 | the largest population of Jews in the West was found in
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| The two new religious orders in the 13th century that lent themselves to teaching were | Dominican and Franciscans
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| In the universities of the Latin West | all courses were taught in
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| The most notable work in Scholasticism | the Summa Theologica
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| Which of the following does not describe the Divine Comedy | It was written in Latin like most literature of the time
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| Which of the following statements is not true of Chinese-African contacts circa 1415-1433? | At least three trading cities in East Africa sent delegations to China in 1415;Zheng's voyages were extended to Africa;Zheng's voyages stimulated the Swahili silk market;The Chinese imported more pepper as a result of this contact
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| The vessels of the Indian Ocean were called | dhows
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| The Ming Empire attempted to create new Indian Ocean contacts by | sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433
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| The Chinese treasure ships of Zheng He carried | silk; metals; and other valuable goods as gifts for distant rulers
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| The greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the Early Middle Ages were | Vikings
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| In addition to sailing up the Pacific coast; early Amerindians from South America also colonized | the West Indies
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| The motives that led to Iberian overseas expansion were | economic; religious; political; intellectual
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| Why didn't the Italian states take a lead in exploring the Atlantic | The ships of the Mediterranean were ill suited to the Atlantic; The trading states of Venice and Genoa preferred a system of alliances with the Muslims
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| Why did the Ming court suspend the voyages of Zheng He? | The government believed that little could be gained by exploring
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| How did the Vikings maneuver across long distances? | Knowledge of the heavens and seas
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| What two nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history? | Portugal and Spain
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| What factors combined to make Spain one of the most powerful European states in the 16th century? | The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabel of Castile
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| An early motivation for Portuguese maritime exploration was to | gain access to the sub-Saharan gold trade
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| Prince Henry of Portugal was known as Henry the Navigator because | he devoted his life to promoting exploration
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| The explicit goal of Portuguese explorers was to | find a passage to India
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| When Portugal began making a significant income from Africa; it began to issue | gold coins called cruzados
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| Two important navigational technologies; the magnetic compass and the astrolabe | were of Chinese and Arab or Greek origin; respectively
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| The Portuguese contribution to shipbuilding technology was the creation of the | caravel
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| The advantage of the caravel was that it was | fast; maneuverable; a good fighting ship; strong
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| An important addition to the maritime revolution was | learning to speedily return by sailing northwest to ride westerly winds
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| The first Portuguese explorer to purchase the rights of exploration of Africa was | Fernão Gomes
The first financial return from the Portuguese voyages came from
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| The first Portuguese explorer to reach the southern tip of Africa and view the Indian Ocean was | Bartolomeu Dias
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| In 1500; what did Portuguese mariners discover while attempting to find a favorable wind around Africa | the east coast of South America
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| Christopher Columbus was from | Genoa
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| Columbus insisted that he had reached | the Indian Ocean
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| The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between | Spain and Portugal
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| An area of dispute between Portugal and Spain despite the Treaty of Tordesillas was who had claim to the spice trade from | Molucca
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| What did the Portuguese trade with the kingdom of Benin? | Horses
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| The powerful West African kingdom of Benin limited its contacts with the Portuguese by | refusing to accept Catholicism;declining offers to receive missionaries; closing the market in male slaves
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| The most profitable and strongest colonization by Europe was in | the Americas
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| The first Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with | derisive laughter
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| The Portuguese gained control of the eastern Indian Ocean through | conquest
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| The Portuguese base in China was at | Macao
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| The result of Portuguese domination of Indian Ocean trade routes was | considerable Portuguese profit;that they charged a lower price for pepper than Venice or Genoa;that more spices and luxury goods were shipped to Europe;little impact on the African and Asian mainlands
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| The difference between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire was that | the Spanish Empire was a territorial empire
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| The first Amerindians to contact the Spanish were the | Arawaks
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| Conquistador means | conqueror
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| Cortés had which advantages in conquering the Aztecs? | An alliance with the Tlaxacans;Firearms and horses;The Aztecs had only recently established their empire at the expense of other tribes;Smallpox
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| Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca Empire with | 180 men
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| One of the significant features of the growth of literature in the 14-15th century was | the composition of literature in the vernacular
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| The greatest influence of the humanists was in | the reform of secondary education
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| Which of the following fostered artistic growth in the Renaissance? | The patronage of wealthy merchants and prelates
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| Credit for "the lost art of painting" being revived is traditionally given to | Giotto
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| What changes transformed later medieval military technology? | Firearms and crossbows with metal-tipped arrows
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| Which of the following statements about the Magna Carta is not true? | It gave new rights to the peasants
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| Joan of Arc | led the French to victory in a decisive battle during the Hundred Years War
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