musculoskeletal
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| ankylosis | stiffening of a joint, especially as a result of disease
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| arthralgia | severe joint pain
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| arthritis | any of various conditions involving joint inflammation
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| atrophy | wasting away of tissue, organs, & cells, usually as a result of disease or loss of blood supply
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| bony necrosis | death of portions of bone
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| bunion | an inflamed bursa at the foot joint, between the big toe & the first metatarsal bone
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| bursitis | inflammation of a bursa
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| calcar | spur
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| carpal tunnel syndrome | pain & paresthesia in the hand due to repetitive motion injury of the median nerve
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| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage
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| closed fracture | fracture with no open skin wound
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| colles fracture | fracture of the lower end of the radius
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| comminuted fracture | fracture with shattered bones
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| complex fracture | fracture with part of the bone displaced
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| complicated fracture | fracture involving extensive soft tissue injury
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| compound fracture | fracture with an open skin wound; open fracture
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| compression fracture | fracture of one or more vertebrae caused by compressing of the space between the vertebrae
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| contracture | extreme resistance to the stretching of a muscle
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| crepitation, crepitus | noise mad bey rubbing together of bones
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| degenerative arthritis | arthritis with erosion of the cartilage
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| dislocation | movement of a joint out of its normal position as a result of an injury or sudden, strenuous movemnet
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| distonia | abnormal tone in tissues
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| epiphysitis | inflammation of the epiphysis
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| exostosis | abnormal bone growth capped with cartilage
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| flaccid | without tone; relaxed
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| fracture | a break, especially in a bone
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| gouty arthritis, gout | inflammation of the joints, present in gout; usually caused by uric acid crystals
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| greenstick fracture | fracture with twisting or bending of the bone but no breaking; usually occurs in children
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| hairline fracture | fracture with no bone separation or fragmentation
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| herniated disk | protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the neural canal
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| hypertrophy | abnormal increase as in muscle size
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| hypotonia | abnormally reduced muscle tension
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| impacted fracture | fracture in which a fragment from one part of the fracture is driven into the tissue of another part
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| incomplete fracture | fracture that does not go entirely through a bone
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| kyphosis | abnormal posterior spine curvature
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| leiomyoma | benign tumor of smooth muscle
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| leiomyosarcoma | malignant tumors of smooth muscle
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| lordosis | abnormal anterior spine curvature resulting in a sway back
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| muscular dystrophy | progressive degenerative disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system and, later, other organs
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| myalgia | muscle pain
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| myeloma | bone marrow tumor
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| myodynia | muscle pain
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| myoma | benign muscle tumor
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| myositis | inflammation of a muscle
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| open fracture | fracture with an open skin wound; compound fracture
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| ostealgia | bone pain
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| osteoarthritis | arthritis with loss of cartilage
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| osteodynia | bone pain
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| osteoma | benign bone tumor, usually on the skull or mandible
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| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone marrow and surrounding bone
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| osteoporosis | degenerative thinning of bone
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| osteosarcoma | malignant tumor of bone
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| pathological fracture | fracture occurring at the site of already damaged bone
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| phantom limb; phantom pain | pain felt in a paralyzed or amputated limb
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| physical therapy | movement therapy to restore use of damaged areas of the body
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| podagra | pain win the big toe, often associated with gout
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| rhabdomyoma | benign tumor in striated muscle
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| rhabdomyosarcoma | malignant tumor in striated muscle
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| rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue
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| irckets | disease of the skeletal system, usually caused by vitamin D deficiency
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| rigidity | stiffness
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| rigor | stiffening
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| sciatica | pain in the lower back, usually radiating down the leg, from a herniated disk or there injury or condition
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| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spinal column
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| sequestrum | piece of dead tissue or bone separated from the surrounding area
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| simple fracture | fracture with no open skin wound
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| spasm | sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
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| spastic | tending to have spasms
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| spina bifida | congenital defect with deformity of the spinal column
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| spinal curvature | abnormal curvature of the spine
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| spondylolisthesis | degenerative condition in which one vertebra misaligns with the one below it; slipped disk
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| spondylolysis | degenerative condition of the moving part of a vertebra
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| sprain | injury to a joint without dislocation or fracture. (can involve a ligament). this is worse than a strain and often takes longer to heal than does a fracture & can be more painful
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| spur | bony projection growing out of a bone; calcar
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| strain | injury to a muscle as a result of improper use or overuse
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| subluxation | partial dislocation, as between joint surfaces
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| talipes calcaneus | deformity of the heal resulting from weakened calf muscles
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| talipes valgus | foot deformity characterized by eversion of the foot
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| talipes varus | foot deformity characterized by inversion of the foot
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| tendinitis, tendonitis | inflammation of a tendon
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| tatany | painfully long muscle contraction
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| tremor | abnormal, repetitive muscle contractions
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| amputation | cutting of a limb or part of a limb
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| arthrocentesis | removal of fluid from a joint with use of puncture needle
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| arthrodesis | surgical fusion of a joint to stiffen it
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| arthroplasty | surgical replacement or repair of a joint
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| bone grafting | transplantation of bone from one site to another
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| bunionectomy | removal of a bunion
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| bursectomy | removal of a bursa
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| casting | forming a cast in a mold; placing of fiberglass or plaster over a body part to prevent its movement
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| external fixation device | device applied externally to hold a limb in place
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| internal fixation device | device, such as a pin, inserted in bone to hold it in place
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| laminectomy | removal of part of an intervertebral disk
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| myoplasty | surgical repair of muscle tissue
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| orthosis, orthotic | external appliance used to immobilize or assist the movement of the spine or limbs
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| osteoclasis | breaking of a bone in order to repair or reposition it
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| osteoplasty | surgical replacement or repair of bone
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| osteotomy | cutting of a bone
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| prosthetic device | artificial device used as a substitute for missing or diseased body part
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| reduction | return of a part to its normal position
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| splinting | applying a splint to immobilize a body part
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| spondylosyndesis | fusion of two or more spinal vertebrae
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| synovectomy | removal of part or all of a joint's synovial membrane
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| tenotomy | surgical cutting of a tendon
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| traction | dragging or pulling or straightening of something, as a limb, by attachment of elastic or other devices
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