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Terms
musculoskeletal
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ankylosis | stiffening of a joint, especially as a result of disease |
| arthralgia | severe joint pain |
| arthritis | any of various conditions involving joint inflammation |
| atrophy | wasting away of tissue, organs, & cells, usually as a result of disease or loss of blood supply |
| bony necrosis | death of portions of bone |
| bunion | an inflamed bursa at the foot joint, between the big toe & the first metatarsal bone |
| bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
| calcar | spur |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | pain & paresthesia in the hand due to repetitive motion injury of the median nerve |
| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage |
| closed fracture | fracture with no open skin wound |
| colles fracture | fracture of the lower end of the radius |
| comminuted fracture | fracture with shattered bones |
| complex fracture | fracture with part of the bone displaced |
| complicated fracture | fracture involving extensive soft tissue injury |
| compound fracture | fracture with an open skin wound; open fracture |
| compression fracture | fracture of one or more vertebrae caused by compressing of the space between the vertebrae |
| contracture | extreme resistance to the stretching of a muscle |
| crepitation, crepitus | noise mad bey rubbing together of bones |
| degenerative arthritis | arthritis with erosion of the cartilage |
| dislocation | movement of a joint out of its normal position as a result of an injury or sudden, strenuous movemnet |
| distonia | abnormal tone in tissues |
| epiphysitis | inflammation of the epiphysis |
| exostosis | abnormal bone growth capped with cartilage |
| flaccid | without tone; relaxed |
| fracture | a break, especially in a bone |
| gouty arthritis, gout | inflammation of the joints, present in gout; usually caused by uric acid crystals |
| greenstick fracture | fracture with twisting or bending of the bone but no breaking; usually occurs in children |
| hairline fracture | fracture with no bone separation or fragmentation |
| herniated disk | protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the neural canal |
| hypertrophy | abnormal increase as in muscle size |
| hypotonia | abnormally reduced muscle tension |
| impacted fracture | fracture in which a fragment from one part of the fracture is driven into the tissue of another part |
| incomplete fracture | fracture that does not go entirely through a bone |
| kyphosis | abnormal posterior spine curvature |
| leiomyoma | benign tumor of smooth muscle |
| leiomyosarcoma | malignant tumors of smooth muscle |
| lordosis | abnormal anterior spine curvature resulting in a sway back |
| muscular dystrophy | progressive degenerative disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system and, later, other organs |
| myalgia | muscle pain |
| myeloma | bone marrow tumor |
| myodynia | muscle pain |
| myoma | benign muscle tumor |
| myositis | inflammation of a muscle |
| open fracture | fracture with an open skin wound; compound fracture |
| ostealgia | bone pain |
| osteoarthritis | arthritis with loss of cartilage |
| osteodynia | bone pain |
| osteoma | benign bone tumor, usually on the skull or mandible |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone marrow and surrounding bone |
| osteoporosis | degenerative thinning of bone |
| osteosarcoma | malignant tumor of bone |
| pathological fracture | fracture occurring at the site of already damaged bone |
| phantom limb; phantom pain | pain felt in a paralyzed or amputated limb |
| physical therapy | movement therapy to restore use of damaged areas of the body |
| podagra | pain win the big toe, often associated with gout |
| rhabdomyoma | benign tumor in striated muscle |
| rhabdomyosarcoma | malignant tumor in striated muscle |
| rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue |
| irckets | disease of the skeletal system, usually caused by vitamin D deficiency |
| rigidity | stiffness |
| rigor | stiffening |
| sciatica | pain in the lower back, usually radiating down the leg, from a herniated disk or there injury or condition |
| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spinal column |
| sequestrum | piece of dead tissue or bone separated from the surrounding area |
| simple fracture | fracture with no open skin wound |
| spasm | sudden, involuntary muscle contraction |
| spastic | tending to have spasms |
| spina bifida | congenital defect with deformity of the spinal column |
| spinal curvature | abnormal curvature of the spine |
| spondylolisthesis | degenerative condition in which one vertebra misaligns with the one below it; slipped disk |
| spondylolysis | degenerative condition of the moving part of a vertebra |
| sprain | injury to a joint without dislocation or fracture. (can involve a ligament). this is worse than a strain and often takes longer to heal than does a fracture & can be more painful |
| spur | bony projection growing out of a bone; calcar |
| strain | injury to a muscle as a result of improper use or overuse |
| subluxation | partial dislocation, as between joint surfaces |
| talipes calcaneus | deformity of the heal resulting from weakened calf muscles |
| talipes valgus | foot deformity characterized by eversion of the foot |
| talipes varus | foot deformity characterized by inversion of the foot |
| tendinitis, tendonitis | inflammation of a tendon |
| tatany | painfully long muscle contraction |
| tremor | abnormal, repetitive muscle contractions |
| amputation | cutting of a limb or part of a limb |
| arthrocentesis | removal of fluid from a joint with use of puncture needle |
| arthrodesis | surgical fusion of a joint to stiffen it |
| arthroplasty | surgical replacement or repair of a joint |
| bone grafting | transplantation of bone from one site to another |
| bunionectomy | removal of a bunion |
| bursectomy | removal of a bursa |
| casting | forming a cast in a mold; placing of fiberglass or plaster over a body part to prevent its movement |
| external fixation device | device applied externally to hold a limb in place |
| internal fixation device | device, such as a pin, inserted in bone to hold it in place |
| laminectomy | removal of part of an intervertebral disk |
| myoplasty | surgical repair of muscle tissue |
| orthosis, orthotic | external appliance used to immobilize or assist the movement of the spine or limbs |
| osteoclasis | breaking of a bone in order to repair or reposition it |
| osteoplasty | surgical replacement or repair of bone |
| osteotomy | cutting of a bone |
| prosthetic device | artificial device used as a substitute for missing or diseased body part |
| reduction | return of a part to its normal position |
| splinting | applying a splint to immobilize a body part |
| spondylosyndesis | fusion of two or more spinal vertebrae |
| synovectomy | removal of part or all of a joint's synovial membrane |
| tenotomy | surgical cutting of a tendon |
| traction | dragging or pulling or straightening of something, as a limb, by attachment of elastic or other devices |
Created by:
Kass.Ignacio
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