Musculoskeletal
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| acetabulum | cup-shaped depression in the hip bone into which the top of the femur fits
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| acromion | part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle
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| amphiarthrosis (p.amphiarthoses) | cartilaginous joint having some movement at the union of two bones
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| ankle | hinged area between the lower leg bones and the bones of the foot
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| articular cartilage | cartilage at a joint
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| articulation | point at which two bones join together to allow movement
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| atlas | first cervical vertebra
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| axis | second cervical vertebra
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| bone | hard connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body
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| bone head | upper, rounded end of a bone
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| bone phagocyte | bone cell that ingests dead bone & bone debris
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| bursa (p.bursae) | sac lined with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons & joints
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| calcaneus | heel bone
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| calcium | mineral important in the formation of bone
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| cancellous bone | spongy bone with a lattice like structure
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| cardiac muscle | striated involuntary muscle of the heart
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| carpus, carpal bone | wrist; wrist bone
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| cartilage | flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, & the lining of various parts of the body
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| cartilaginous disk | thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column
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| cervical vertebrae | seven vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck
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| clavicle | curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collar bone
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| coccyx | small bone consisting of four fused vertebrae at the end of the spinal column; tailbone
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| compact bone | hard bone with a tightly woven structure
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| condyle | rounded surface at the end of a bone
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| crest | bony ridge
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| diaphysis | long middle section of a long bone; shaft
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| diarthroses (s. diarthrosis) | freely movable joints
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| disk | *see cartilaginous disk
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| dorsal vertebrae | thoracic vertebrae
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| elbow | joint between the upper arm & the forearm
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| endosteum | lining of the medullary cavity
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| epiphyseal plate | cartilaginous tissue that is replaced during growth years, but eventually calcifies & disappears when growth stops
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| ethmoid bone | irregular bone of the face attached to the sphenoid
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| ethmoid sinuses | sinuses on both sides of the nasal cavities between each eye & the sphenoid sinus
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| fascia (p. fasciae) | sheet of fibrous tissue the encloses muscles
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| femur | long bone of the thigh
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| fibula | smallest long bone of the lower leg
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| fissure | deep furrow or slit
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| flat bones | thin, flatten bones that cover certain areas, as of the skull
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| fontanelle | soft, membranous section on top of an infant's skull
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| foramen | opening or perforation through a bone
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| foramen magnum | opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes
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| fossa (p. fossae) | depression, as in a bone
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| frontal bone | large bone of the skull that forms the top of the head & the forehead
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| frontal sinuses | sinuses above the eyes
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| heel | back, rounded portion of the foot
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| humerus | long bone of the arm connecting to the scapula on top & the radius & the ulna at the bottom
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| ilium | wide portion of the hip bone
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| insertion | point at which muscle attaches to a movable bone
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| intervertebral disk | *see cartilaginous disk
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| involuntary muscle | muscle not movable at all
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| irregular bones | any of a group of bones with a special shape tot fit into certain areas of the skeleton, such as the skull
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| ischium | one of three fused bones that form the pelvic girdle
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| join | place of joining between tow or more bones
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| lacrimal bone | thin, flat bone of the face
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| lamina (p. laminae) | thin, flat part of either side of the arch of a vertebra
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| ligament | sheet of fibrous tissue connecting & supporting bones; attaches bone to bone
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| long bone | any bone of the extremities with a shaft
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| lumbar vertebrae | five vertebrae of the lower back
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| malleolus (p.malleoli) | rounded protrusion of the tibia or fibula on either side of the ankle
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| mandible | u-shaped bone of the lower jaw
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| mandibular bone | mandible
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| marrow | connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients
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| mastoid process | protrusion of the temporal bone that sits behind the ear
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| maxillary sinus | sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes
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| medullary cavity | soft center cavity in the bone that often holds marrow
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| metacarpal | one of the five bones of the hand between the wrist and the fingers
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| metaphysis | section of a long bone between the epiphysis & diaphysis
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| metatarsal bones | bones of the foot between the instep (arch) & the toes
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| muscle | contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement
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| musculoskeletal system | system of the body including the muscles & skeleton
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| nasal bones | bones that form the bridge of the nose
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| nasal cavity | cavity on either side of the nasal septum
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| neural canal | space through which the spinal cord passes
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| nucleus pulposus | fibrous mass in the center portion of the intervertebral disk
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| occipital bone | bone that forms the lower back portion of the skull
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| olecranon | curved end of the ulna to which tendons of the arm muscles attach; bony prominence of the elbow
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| origin | point at which muscles attach to stationary bone
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| osseous tissue | connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited
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| ossification | hardening into bone
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| osteoblast | cell that forms bone
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| osetoclast | large cell that reabsorbs & removes osseous tissue
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| osteocyte | bone cell
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| palatine bone | bone that helps form the hard palate & nasal cavity; located behind the maxillary bones
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| parietal bone | flat, curved bone on either side of the upper part of the skull
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| patella | large, sesamoid bone that forms the kneecap
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| pelvic cavity | cup-shaped cavity formed by the large bones of the pelvic girdle; contains female reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, bladder, & rectum
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| pelvic girdle | hip bones
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| pelvis | cup-shaped ring of bone & ligaments at the base of the trunk
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| periosteum | fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone
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| phalanges (s. phalanx) | long bones of the fingers & toes
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| phosphorus | mineral important to the formation of bone
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| process | bony outgrowth or projection
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| pubes | anteroinferior portion of the hip bone
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| pubic symphysis | joint between the 2 pubic bones
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| radius | shorter bone of the forearm
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| rib | one of the 24 bones that form the chest wall
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| sacrum | next-to-last spinal vertebra made up of five fused bones; vertebra that forms part of the pelvis
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| scapula | large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade
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| sella turcica | bony depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located
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| sesamoid bone | bone formed in a tendon over a joint
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| shin | anterior ridge of the tibia
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| short bones | square-shaped bones with approximately equal dimensions on all sides
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| sinus | hollow cavity, especially either of two cavities on the sides of the nose
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| skeleton | bony framework of the body
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| smooth muscle | fibrous muscle of internal organs that acts involuntarily
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| sphenoid bone | bone that forms the base of the skull
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| sphenoid sinus | sinus above & behind the nose
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| spinal column | column of vertebrae at the posterior of the body, from the neck to the coccyx
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| spinous process | protrusion from the center of the vertebral arch
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| spongy bone | bone with an open latticework filled with connective tissue or marrow
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| sternum | long, flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax
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| striated muscle | muscle with a ribbed appearance that controlled at will
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| styloid process | peg-shaped protrusion from a bone
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| sulcus (p. sulci) | groove or furrow in the surface of bone
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| suture | joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane
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| symphysis | type of cartilaginous joint uniting two bones
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| synarthrosis | fibrous joint with no movement
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| synovial fluid | fluid that serves to lubricate joints
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| synovial joint | a joint that moves
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| synovial membrane | connective tissue lining the cavity of joints & producing the synovial fluid
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| tarsus, tarsal bones | seven bones of the instep (arch of the foot)
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| temporal bone | large bone forming the base & sides of the skull
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| temporomandibular joint | joint of the lower jaw between the temporal bone & the mandible
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| tendon | fibrous band that connects muscle to bone or other structures
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| thoracic vertebrae | 12 vertebrae of the chest area
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| thorax | part of the trunk between the neck & the abdomen; chest
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| tibia | larger of the two lower leg bones
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| transverse process | protrusion on either side of the vertebral arch
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| trochanter | bony protrusion at the upper end of the femur
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| true ribs | seven upper ribs of the chest that attach to the sternum
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| tubercle | slight bony elevation to which a ligament or muscle may be attached
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| tuberosity | large elevation in the surface of a bone
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| ulna | larger bone of the forearm
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| vertebra (p. vertebrae) | one of the bony segments of the spinal column
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| vertebral body | main portion of the vertebra, separate from the arches of the vertebra
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| vertebral column | spinal column
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| visceral muscle | smooth muscle
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| vitamin D | vitamin important to the formation of bone
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| voluntary muscle | striated muscle
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| vomer | flat bone forming the nasal septum
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| zygomatic bone | bone that forms the cheek
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Created by:
Kass.Ignacio
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