Chemistry
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| trace element | substance that presents in such small amount
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| atom | smallest unit of an element that retains the charecteristic chemical properties of that element
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| element | substance that can not be broken down into simpler subtance
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| atomic structure | compose of smaller components called subatomic particles
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| protons | located inside the nucleus of an atom
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| neutrons | uncharge particles also located inside the nucleus
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| neutrons | have the same mass as protons
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| electrons | particles with negative charge
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| eletrons | extremely small mass 1/8000 of mass of protons
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| atomic number | # of protons/chemical identity of the atom
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| mass number | total # of protons plus neutrons
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| atomic number | # of protons plus neutrons
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| energy level/electron shells | space surrounding the atomic nucleus where electrons are located
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| chemical compounds | 2 or more different elements combine in fixed ratio
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| chemical bonds | the attractive force that holds two atoms together
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| mixture | combination of 2 or more substances that can separate by ordianry physical mean but still retain its original property
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| solution | mixture in which the components particles remain evenly distributed
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| solute | substance that is present in the smaller amount 4 being dissolve
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| solvent | large amount of liquid/gas that does the dissolving
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| suspension | mixture involving liquid settles unless they are continually shaken
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| electrolytes | substance that break up/dissociate in solution to form charge particles that can conduct electric current
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| acid | proton donor, sour taste, below 7 of pH scale
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| base | proton acceptor, bitter taste, alkaline, above 7 of pH Scale
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| buffer | solution that resist changes in pH when acid or base is added
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| anions | negative charge ions
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| cations | positive charge ions
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| isotope | when element has different # of neutron they will have different atomic weight
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| orgainic compound | large, complex compound containing carbon
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| orbital | represent the place where most electrons probably found
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| chemistry | the science that deals with the composition of matter and the changes that occur in that composition
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| chemical symbols | abbreviations of an elememnt usually uses the first or first two letter of the chemical name
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| chemical formula | shorthand method of describing a compound
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| nucleus | center of atom
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| valence shelf | orbital shell
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| # proton | atomic #
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| atomic weight | protons + neutrons
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| pH scale | the scale indicating the strength of acid and base
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| carbohydrate | quick energy 4kcal/gm
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| monosaccharide | simplest carbohydrate (glucose)
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| amino acid | building block of protein
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| monosaccharide | building block of carbohydrate
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| fatty acid and glycerol | building block of lipid
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| nucleotides | building block of nucleic acid
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| alpha | slow, weak penetrate power, can block with sheet of paper
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| beta | more rapidly than alpha, penetrate deeper 4 more dangerous, use to treat cancer and tumors
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| gamma | greatest penetrating power use in testing of nucleuar medicine and X-ray
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| Pure Food and Drug Act 1906 | Rx needed for certain drug to ensure that drug package accurately with name and ingredients
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| Food Drug and Cosmetic Act 1937 | require new drug appication to submitted to gov. prior to marketing to ensure safety and efficacy
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| orange book | rating system of code for therapeutic bioequivalence of generic drugs
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| aluminum | Al
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| barium | Ba
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| baron | B
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| calcium | Ca
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| carbon | C
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| chloride | Cl
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| chromium | Cr
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| copper | Cu
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| fluorine | F
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| gold | Au
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| helium | He
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| hydrogen | H
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| iodine | I
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| iron | Fe
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| lead | Pb
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| lithium | Li
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| magnesium | Mg
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| manganese | Mn
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| mercury | Hg
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| nitrogen | N
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| oxygen | O
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| phosphorus | P
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| platinum | Pt
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| potassium | K
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| silver | Ag
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| sodium | Na
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| sulfur | S
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| tin | Sn
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| zinc | Zn
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| potassium chloride | KCl
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| magnesium hydroxide | Mg(OH)2
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| sodium bicarbonate | NaHCO3
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| magnesuim sulfate | MgSO4
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| INDA | Investigational New Drug Application
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| NDA | New Drug Application
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| ANDA | Abbreviated New Drug Application
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| protein | contain the carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
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| triglycerides(TRG) | neutral fat
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| therapeutic equivalence | generic treatment works the same as trad
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