Ben Kean lecture 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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What is a trophozoite? | A motile stage that normally reproduces asexually
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What is a cyst? | A non-motile more resistant stage
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What is a sporozoite? | An infective stage produced in a oocyte
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What are the principle malaria species? | Plasmodium, Falciparum, Vivax and Malaria
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Where do the malaria sporozoites go 1st? | They go to liver and reproduce via asexual reproduction called schizogeny
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What is the liver malrai stage alled? | It is asymptomatic and results in daughter protozoa called merozoites
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Where do the merozoites in liver go after they are ruptured? | They invade the RBCs and asexually reproduce
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What is malria stained with? | Giemsa, Wrights and Romankasky dyes
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What color is the cytoplams and nucleus of malaira | Cyto-blue nucleus red
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What fruit does malaria look like in thick and thin film? | Banana
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What kind of fever does falciparum have? | Contiunous, irregular spikes
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What kind of fever does vivax have? | 48 hrs, tertian malaria
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What kind of fever does ovale have? | 48 hrs, tertian
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What kind of fever does malariae have? | Quarten
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What are the most common symptoms of malaria? | Fevers and chills, headaches, myalgias, nausea, vomitting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, malaria fever
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What cause the most severe malaria? | P. Falciparum
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How does the shape of p.vivax differ from p.falciparum? | vivax has more of an amoiboid shape
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What are teh schuffners dots related to? | These are small dots in the cytoplasm
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Why does P vivax require primaquine for treatment? | It establishes hypnozoites in the liver
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Which is the malaria outside of africa? | P. Ovale
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Who are most susceptible to toxo? | Pregnant women and immuno
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How do you get get toxo? | Ingestion of bradyzoites in infected meat, from oocyte contaminated unwashed vegetables or pussy cats
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Are toxoplasma ooctyes immediately infecious? | No
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Whats the risk for maternal fetal transmission in toxo? | 25% in 1st trimester, 65% in 3rd
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What severe fetal disease may the baby get in toxo? | Hydrocephales, mental retardation, erebral calcifications
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How do you look for toxo? | brain
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What are teh ways to diagnose toxo? | 1)Serological 2)Direct identification of blood 3)PBS
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What are teh clinical manifestations? | 1)Asymptomatic adenopathy 2)Mono like 3)Chorioretinitis 4)Encephalitis 5)Myocarditis 6)PCP like
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At what CD4 count do you see PCP? | <200
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What are teh classic findings of PCP? | Nonproductive cough, dyspnea, fever
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What does PCP look like on CXR? | Diffuse bilateral
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Do you use thick or thin film? | Thick for yes/no, thin for diagnosing.
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