This is Unit 3 with Concepts of culture, folk, pop, and language
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| Possibilism | the viewpoint that arose as a criticism of environmental determinism, holding that human populations develop their own cultures within constraints set by the environment | show 🗑
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| show | a culture trait in the sociological subsystem, which is, the part of a culture that guides how people are expected to interact with each other and how their social institutions are structured |
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| show | the development of a new form of culture trait by the fusion of two or more distinct parental traits | Romans trying to convert non-Christians into Christians and developing holidays like Easter ETHAN
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| Hunter-gatherer | show |
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| Ideological Subsystem | the complex of ideas, beliefs, knowledge, and means of their communication that characterize a culture, along with the technological and sociological subsystems | show 🗑
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| Technological subsystem | show |
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| show | (parallel invention) innovations developed in two or more unconnected locations by individuals or groups acting independently | pyramids of Egypt and Mayan civilization pyramids HANNAH
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| innovation | introduction of new culture traits, whether ideas, practices, or material objects | show 🗑
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| show | a concept of independent but parallel cultural development advanced by the anthropologist Julian Steward to explain cultural similarities among widely separated peoples existing in similar environments but who could not have benefited from shared experiences borrowed ideas, or diffused technologies |
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| Acculturation | show |
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| Assimilation | show | change of dress and behaviors an immigrant may go through when living in a new country ABIGAIL
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| show | MOVE CARD |
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| show | the process and time it takes a person to integrate into a new culture and feel comfortable within it. A person in this position may encounter a wide array of emotions that the theory describes in four different stages. This includes the honeymoon, culture shock, recovery, and adjustment stages. | American Indians adapting to listening to modern commodities through the years such as the introduction of jeans, cars, language, and music. NOLAN
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| Cultural Autonomy | show | segregation ABIGAIL
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| Cultural Convergence | The tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication. | show 🗑
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| Cultural Divergence | show | The Amish keep separation between themselves and other communities KENDALL
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| show | The core-periphery idea that the core houses main economic power of region and the outlying region or periphery houses lesser economic ties. the visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape. |
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| show | MOVE CARD |
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| Cultural identity | the identity or feeling of belonging to a group. It is part of a person's self-conception and self-perception and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture. | show 🗑
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| Cultural landscape | the cultural impacts on an area, including buildings, agricultural patterns, roads, signs, and nearly everything else that humans have created | show 🗑
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| cultural realm | show |
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| Cultural system | the interaction of different elements of culture. While this is quite different from a social system, sometimes both systems together are referred to as the sociocultural system. | show 🗑
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| show | refers to a geographical area with one relatively homogeneous human activity or complex of activities (culture). These are often associated with an ethnolinguistic group and the territory it inhabits. |
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| Expansion Diffusion | show |
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| show | MOVE CARD |
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| Stimulus Diffusion | MOVE CARD | show 🗑
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| show | MOVE CARD |
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| Innovation Adoption Curve | show |
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| show | diffusion of an idea or innovation that is not suitable for the environment in which it diffused into (e.g., New England-style homes in Hawaii, or Ranch-style homes in northeast US). |
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| Subsequent Occupancy | show | The African nation of Tanzania has passed from the hands of one ruler to another with the culture traits of each AUGUSTINE
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| Public Land Survey System | show |
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| Vernacular House | show |
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| Vernacular Region | show | Tidewater, tri city area KENDALL
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| show | mits or boundaries of a tract of land as identified by natural landmarks, such as rivers, or by man-made structures, such as roads, or by stakes or other markers. A principal legal type of land description in the United States, metes-and-bounds descriptions are commonly used wherever survey areas are irregular in size and shape. |
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| show | system implemented in Quebec, Louisiana, Texas or areas of French influence, that divide the land into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers, roads, or canals |
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| show | A cultural landscape, as defined by the World Heritage Committee, is the "cultural properties [that] represent the combined works of nature and of man." "a landscape designed and created intentionally by man" an "organically evolved landscape" which may be a relict (or fossil) landscape or a continuing landscape | Native American Reservations KENDALL
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| Rectangular Survey System | show |
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| show | s a term coined by Cuban anthropologist Fernando Ortiz in 1947 to describe the phenomenon of merging and converging cultures. | Buddhism originated in India but spread around and merged with Confucianism. ETHAN
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| show | Describes a society's system of economic production -helps explain some of the differences between societies that are influenced by economy. |
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| Anglo-American Landscape | show |
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| Characteristics | show | religion, language, arts, and social organizations SAMAR
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| show | the look of housing, effected by the available materials, the environment the house is in, and the popular culture of the time |
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| Built Environment | show |
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| show | A culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in isolation. | The banjo & fiddle are traditional instruments in 'folk culture' NATHAN
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| Folk Food | Food that is traditionally made by the common people of a region and forms part of their culture. | show 🗑
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| show | traditional housing | pioneer homes like ,log cabin style homes SAMAR
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| show | traditionally sung by the common people of a region and forms part of their culture; typically no skill is required | "this land is your land" SAMAR
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| show | unwritten lore (stories, proverbs, riddles, songs) of a culture |
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| show | a settled or regular tendency or practice, especially one that is hard to give up. | brushing your teeth every morning and every night is a habit ABIGAIL
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| Taboo | a social or religious custom prohibiting or forbidding discussion of a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing. | show 🗑
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| show | the complete natural environment in which a particular wine is produced, including factors such as the soil, topography, and climate. |
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| show | efers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture. These include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools, churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production, goods and products, stores, and so forth. | cars, books, clothing, computer, etc. SAMAR
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| show | Thoughts or ideas that make up a culture. does not include any physical objects or artifacts. include any ideas, beliefs, values, norms that may help shape society. |
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| Popular Culture | culture based on the tastes of ordinary people rather than an educated elite | show 🗑
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| show | systems that are used to collect data |
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| show | traditional building styles of different cultures, religions, and places |
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| show | Group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or Community, who share experiences, customs, and traits and who worked to preserve those traits and customs in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others | the south's teachings of using politeness such as "yes ma'am or no sir" as well as holding the door open which is commonly not done in the north United States
NOLAN
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| Custom | show | in Japan people greet each other by bowing KENDALL
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| Cultural Appropriation | The process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge from other cultures and use them for their own benefits | show 🗑
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| Neolocalism | show | People from China in Chinatown in NYC still celebrate their Chinese culture and holidays, such as the Chinese New Year. ETHAN
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| Ethnic Neighborhood | show | Chinatown HANNAH
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| Commodification | show | salt was used for money and big deals KENDALL
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| show | In the context of local cultures are Customs, the accuracy with which a single stereotypical or Typecast image or experience conveys an otherwise dynamic and complex local culture or its customs |
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| Distance Decay | show |
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| Reterritorilization | show | when the Spanish conquered the Aztecs, they eliminated all Aztec symbols AUGUSTINE
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| Placelessness | show |
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| show | The notion that would happens at the global scale has a direct effect on what happens at the local scale, and vice versa. This idea posits that the world is comprised of an interconnected series of relationships that extend across face |
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| show | The process by which people in a local place mediate and alter Regional, National, and Global processes | mcdonald’s ABIGAIL
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| Folk-housing region | show |
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| Diffusion Routes | The spatial trajectory through which cultural traits or other phenomena spread | show 🗑
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| Creolized Language | show |
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| Backward Reconstruction | The tracking of sound shifts and hardening of consonants backwards towards the original language | show 🗑
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| show | The ability of two people to understand each other when speaking | Spanish and Portuguese KENDALL
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| Geographic Dialect | A language variant marked by vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation differences from other variants of the same common language. When those variations are spatial or Regional, they are called Geographic dialects. When they are indicative of socio-economic or educational levels, they are called social dialects | show 🗑
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| show | Technique using the vocabulary of an extinct language to recreate the language that preceded the extinct language |
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| Dialect Chains | show |
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| Ebonics | Dialect spoken by some African-Americans | show 🗑
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| Extinct Language | A language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used | show 🗑
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| show | The system of writing used in China and other East Asian countries in which each symbol represents an idea or concept rather than a specific sound as is the case with letters in English |
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| Isogloss | A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs | show 🗑
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| show | A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family |
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| show | A set of sounds, combination of sounds, and symbols that are used for communication |
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| show | A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago. Differences are not as extensive or is old with language families, and archaeological evidence can confirm that the branches derived from the same family |
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| Language Family | show |
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| Language Group | A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary | show 🗑
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| Language Subfamily | a smaller group of related languages within a language family | show 🗑
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| show | French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, and Portuguese that lie in the areas that were once controlled by the Roman Empire but we're not subsequently overwhelmed |
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| Germanic Language | show |
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| Slavic Languages | Russian, polish, Czech, Slovak, Ukrainian, Slovenian, serbo-croatian, and Bulgarian that developed as Slavic people migrated from a base in present-day Ukraine close to 2000 years ago | show 🗑
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| show | Language family containing the Germanic and romance languages that includes languages spoken by about 50% of the world's people |
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| show | Language area that spreads through most of Southeast Asia and China and is comprised of Chinese, Burmese, Tibetan, Japanese, and Korean |
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| Afro-Asiatic | A large language family found primarily in North Africa and Southwest Asia | show 🗑
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| Niger-Congo | show |
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| Malayo-Polynesian | show |
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| show | The process suggested by German linguist August Schleicher whereby new languages or formed when a language breaks into dialects due to a lack of spatial interaction among speakers of the language and continued isolation eventually causes the division of the language into discrete new languages | Spanish and Portuguese is a language that has been broken down into two forms AUGUSTINE
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| Language Convergence | show |
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| show | A term driving from Frankish language and applying a tongue spoken in ancient Mediterranean ports that consisted of a mixture of Italian, French, Greek, Spanish and even some Arabic. Today it refers to a Common Language a language used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerce |
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| Global Language | The language used most commonly around the world defined on the basis of either the number of speakers of the language, or prevalence of use in Commerce and trade | show 🗑
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| Literary Tradition | show |
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| show | the amount of variation of languages a place has |
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| Monolingual States | Countries in which only one language is spoken | show 🗑
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| Multilingual states | show |
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| official language | In multilingual countries the language selected, Often by the educated and politically powerful Elite, to promote internal cohesion. Usually the language of the courts and government | show 🗑
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| Pidgin | When parts of two or more languages are combined in a simplified structure and vocabulary | show 🗑
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| show | A multilingual state |
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| show | The common ancestor of a family of modern languages |
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| Sound shift | show |
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| show | Linguistic hypothesis proposing the existence of an ancestral Indo-European language that is the Hearth of the ancient Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit languages which Hearth would link modern languages from Scandinavia to North Africa and from North America through parts of Asia to Australia |
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| Nostratic | show |
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| show | Place name |
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| Trade Language | A language used between native speakers of different languages to allow them to communicate so that they can trade with each other. | show 🗑
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| Standard Language | The variant of a language that a country's political and intellectual Elite seek to promote as the norm for used in schools, government, the media, and other aspects of public life | show 🗑
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| show | fluency in at least two languages | I speak both English and Spanish AUGUSTINE
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| Vernacular | The non-standard indigenous language or dialect of a locality. Of or related to indigenous arts and architecture, such as a house period of or related to the perceptions and understandings of the general population, such as a region | show 🗑
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| Vulgar Latin | A form of Latin used in Daily conversation by ancient Romans, as opposed to the standard dialect, which was used for official documents | show 🗑
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| Renfrew Hypothesis | Hypothesis developed by British scholar Colin Renfro wherein he proposed that three areas in and near the first agricultural hearths, the Fertile Crescent, gave rise to three language families: Europe's Indo-European languages from Anatolia, North African and Arabian languages from the Western Arc of the Fertile Crescent, and the languages in present-day Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India from the Eastern Arc of the Fertile Crescent | show 🗑
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| Kurgan Theory | The Proto-Indo-European language diffused from modern day Ukraine through CONQUEST | show 🗑
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| culture complex | MOVE CARD | show 🗑
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| show | A society's Collective beliefs, symbols, values, forms of behavior, and social organizations, together with its tools, structures, and artifacts created according to the group's conditions of Life. Transmitted as a Heritage to succeeding generations and undergoing adoptions, modifications, and changes in the process. A collective term for group displaying uniform characteristics |
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