Neurology
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| Peripheral neuropathy: axonal vs demyelinating | axonal: normal conduction velocity, denervation on EMG; demyelinating: slow velocity, no EMG denervation
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| Tension type HA | mild-mod intensity, bilateral, nonthrobbing HA w/o other assoc features; infreq <1/mo; freq 1-14 days/mo; chronic >15 days/mo; NSAIDs & TCAs
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| MS testing | MRI, VER, BAER, SSEP, CSF oligoclonal banding, spinal fluid IgG
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| sudden onset of LMN d/o, asym facial paresis, often hyperacusis & impaired taste | Bell palsy (prev: 30/100K)
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| contralateral hemiplegia, hemisensory loss, & homonymous hemianopia (& global aphasia if dominant hemisphere is affected) = | MCA stroke
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| Essential tremor | Tx often not needed; propranolol
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| cluster HA | unilateral, orbital/temporal w/tearing; Tx O2, sumatriptan, prevent w/verapamil
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| HA prevalence | cluster M>F, parox hemicrania F>M
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| HA: serious sxs | meningits (fever, HA, stiff neck: LP/bld cx); SAH (sudden onset: CT); subdural
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| MS S/S | 15-50 yo; optic neuritis; fatigue; Lhermitte sx; Uhthoff's phenomenon
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| MS tx | methylprednisolone/ IVIg for acute; glatiramer & interferon for relapsing- remitting sx
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| Bell palsy DDx | Lyme dz, tumor, AIDS, sarcoidosis, herpes zoster in geniculate ganglion
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| MCA stroke: anterior main div occlusion vs posterior | anterior occlusion: expressive dysphasia; posterior: receptive/ Wernicke
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| posterior cerebral artery occlusion leads to: | thalamic syndrome: contralateral hemisensory deficit, spont pain & hyperpathia
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| anterior comm artery occlusion causes: | weakness & cortical sensory loss in contralateral leg, poss arm weakness
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| ischemic stroke tx | ASA, some get thrombolytics (dipyridamole, heparin for cardioembolic)
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| hemorrhagic stroke tx | supportive; poss surg (stroke/AVM); aneurysm clipping/coil embolization
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| Light touch: Side of Neck: | C2-3
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| Light touch: Tip of Shoulder: | C4
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| Light touch: Lateral Deltoid: | C5
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| Light touch: Thumb: | C6
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| Light touch: Middle Finger: | C7
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| Light touch: Pinky Finger: | C8
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| Light touch: Medial Forearm at elbow: | T1
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| Light touch: 1st Dorsal web: | Radial nerve
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| Light touch: Palmar middle pad: | Median
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| Light touch: Palmar small pad: | Ulna
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| Light touch: Groin: | L1
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| Light touch: Upper thigh: | L2
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| Light touch: Outer thigh at knee: | L3
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| Light touch: Medial ankle: | L4
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| Light touch: Dorsal 1st web space: | L5
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| Light touch: Lateral ankle: | S1
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| Light touch: Buttock: | L2-3
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| Light touch: Perianal: | L4
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| DTR: Biceps: | C5
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| DTR: Brachioradialis: | C6
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| DTR: Triceps: | C7
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| DTR: Knee: | L 3,4
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| DTR: Ankle: | S1
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| DTR: 0: | absent
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| DTR: 1: | diminished
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| DTR: 2: | average
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| DTR: 3: | exaggerated
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| DTR: 4: | clonus
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| Neuro exam | CNs, Sensation. Position/vibration. Muscle tone/strength. Cerebellar (RAMS, finger-nose, heel-shin). Gait/tandem. Romberg. DTRs. Brudzinski, Kernig if suspect meningitis
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| T8, T9, T10 nerves: what part of anatomy? | abdominal muscles above umbilicus
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| T10, T11, T12 nerves: what part of anatomy? | abdominal muscles below umbilicus
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