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Neuro General
Neurology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Peripheral neuropathy: axonal vs demyelinating | axonal: normal conduction velocity, denervation on EMG; demyelinating: slow velocity, no EMG denervation |
| Tension type HA | mild-mod intensity, bilateral, nonthrobbing HA w/o other assoc features; infreq <1/mo; freq 1-14 days/mo; chronic >15 days/mo; NSAIDs & TCAs |
| MS testing | MRI, VER, BAER, SSEP, CSF oligoclonal banding, spinal fluid IgG |
| sudden onset of LMN d/o, asym facial paresis, often hyperacusis & impaired taste | Bell palsy (prev: 30/100K) |
| contralateral hemiplegia, hemisensory loss, & homonymous hemianopia (& global aphasia if dominant hemisphere is affected) = | MCA stroke |
| Essential tremor | Tx often not needed; propranolol |
| cluster HA | unilateral, orbital/temporal w/tearing; Tx O2, sumatriptan, prevent w/verapamil |
| HA prevalence | cluster M>F, parox hemicrania F>M |
| HA: serious sxs | meningits (fever, HA, stiff neck: LP/bld cx); SAH (sudden onset: CT); subdural |
| MS S/S | 15-50 yo; optic neuritis; fatigue; Lhermitte sx; Uhthoff's phenomenon |
| MS tx | methylprednisolone/ IVIg for acute; glatiramer & interferon for relapsing- remitting sx |
| Bell palsy DDx | Lyme dz, tumor, AIDS, sarcoidosis, herpes zoster in geniculate ganglion |
| MCA stroke: anterior main div occlusion vs posterior | anterior occlusion: expressive dysphasia; posterior: receptive/ Wernicke |
| posterior cerebral artery occlusion leads to: | thalamic syndrome: contralateral hemisensory deficit, spont pain & hyperpathia |
| anterior comm artery occlusion causes: | weakness & cortical sensory loss in contralateral leg, poss arm weakness |
| ischemic stroke tx | ASA, some get thrombolytics (dipyridamole, heparin for cardioembolic) |
| hemorrhagic stroke tx | supportive; poss surg (stroke/AVM); aneurysm clipping/coil embolization |
| Light touch: Side of Neck: | C2-3 |
| Light touch: Tip of Shoulder: | C4 |
| Light touch: Lateral Deltoid: | C5 |
| Light touch: Thumb: | C6 |
| Light touch: Middle Finger: | C7 |
| Light touch: Pinky Finger: | C8 |
| Light touch: Medial Forearm at elbow: | T1 |
| Light touch: 1st Dorsal web: | Radial nerve |
| Light touch: Palmar middle pad: | Median |
| Light touch: Palmar small pad: | Ulna |
| Light touch: Groin: | L1 |
| Light touch: Upper thigh: | L2 |
| Light touch: Outer thigh at knee: | L3 |
| Light touch: Medial ankle: | L4 |
| Light touch: Dorsal 1st web space: | L5 |
| Light touch: Lateral ankle: | S1 |
| Light touch: Buttock: | L2-3 |
| Light touch: Perianal: | L4 |
| DTR: Biceps: | C5 |
| DTR: Brachioradialis: | C6 |
| DTR: Triceps: | C7 |
| DTR: Knee: | L 3,4 |
| DTR: Ankle: | S1 |
| DTR: 0: | absent |
| DTR: 1: | diminished |
| DTR: 2: | average |
| DTR: 3: | exaggerated |
| DTR: 4: | clonus |
| Neuro exam | CNs, Sensation. Position/vibration. Muscle tone/strength. Cerebellar (RAMS, finger-nose, heel-shin). Gait/tandem. Romberg. DTRs. Brudzinski, Kernig if suspect meningitis |
| T8, T9, T10 nerves: what part of anatomy? | abdominal muscles above umbilicus |
| T10, T11, T12 nerves: what part of anatomy? | abdominal muscles below umbilicus |
Created by:
Abarnard
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